Ka tuyige ku kakomera akatono mu mutima gwo? Ye Valve y'amawuggwe!

Nkulamusizza! Oli otya? Leero tugenda kwogera ku kitundu ekikulu ennyo ku mutima gwaffe, naye nga osanga tetwogera nnyo. Kiringa oluggi oluyingira mu nnyumba yaffe. Kiyitibwa vvaalu y’amawuggwe. Ka tulabe ebigenda mu maaso nga tuyita mu kalyango kano akatono, era nga kakulu nnyo.

Valiva y’amawuggwe kye ki? Ka tukitegeere mu ngeri ennyangu!

Lowooza ku mutima gwo ng’ennyumba entono erimu ebisenge bina. Omusaayi okusobola okukulukuta okuva mu kisenge ekimu okudda mu kirala, wateekwa okubaawo enzigi, nedda? Bw’etyo vvaalu y’amawuggwe bw’eri. Y’emu ku vvaalu ennya eziri mu mutima. Okubeera omutuufu, gwe ‘mulyango’ ogutwala omusaayi ogutaliimu oxygen okuva mu kisenge ekya wansi ekya ddyo eky’omutima gwo (ekiyitibwa ``right ventricle'') okutuuka mu ``main pulmonary artery'', omusuwa omukulu ogutwala omusaayi ogutaliimu oxygen okutuuka mu mawuggwe. Omusaayi guno bwe gutuuka mu mawuggwe, gukwata omukka gwa oxygen. Olwo, omusaayi ogwo ogulimu omukka gwa oxygen gugenda mu mubiri gwonna. Kale, oyinza okulowooza ku ngeri gye kiri ekikulu oluggi luno okukola obulungi? Valiva y'amawuggwe, awamu ne vvaalu endala mu mutima gwaffe, ``valva y'omusuwa'', okutwalira awamu ziyitibwa ``valvule za semilunar'' . Kino kiri bwe kityo kubanga ebiwujjo (nga ebikondo by’enzigi) ku vvaalu zino biba bifaanana ng’ebiwujjo ebiyitibwa crescents. Valiva zino eziyitibwa crescent valves zifuga okutambula kw’omusaayi okuva mu bisenge ebya wansi (ventricles) eby’omutima gwaffe okutuuka mu misuwa eminene (arteries). Kino oyinza n’okukiwulira nga kiyitibwa Pulmonic valve. Bombi mannya ga kintu kimu.

Kale ddala vvaalu eno ey’amawuggwe ekola ki?

Omulimu omukulu ogwa vvaalu y’amawuggwe eno, nga bwe twayogeddeko emabegako, kwe kufuga okutambula kw’omusaayi ogutaliimu mukka gwa oxygen okuva mu kisenge kya ddyo eky’omutima okutuuka mu musuwa omukulu ogw’amawuggwe, ogugenda mu mawuggwe. Ka tulabe engeri kino gye kibaawo mu bujjuvu katono:

• Buli omutima gwo lwe gukuba, vvaalu eno ey’amawuggwe egguka n’eggalawo, ng’oluggi.
• Omusuwa gwo ogwa ddyo bwe gukonziba (kino kiyitibwa ``systolic phase'' mu ngeri y'obusawo), vvaalu y'amawuggwe egguka. Wano omusaayi we gutandikira okukulukuta okuva mu mutima, nga gwolekera amawuggwe.
• Olwo, omutima bwe ‘guwummulamu’ okumala akaseera (kino kiyitibwa ``diastolic phase'' oba relaxation phase), vvaalu y’amawuggwe eggalawo. Kino kikulu nnyo. Kubanga bwe kitaggalwa bwe kiti, omusaayi ogugenze mu mawuggwe guyinza okukulukuta ne gudda mu mutima. Ekyo si kirungi.
• Kale, vvaalu eno bw’eggalwa, omusuwa ogwa ddyo we gujjula omusaayi gwe gwetaaga okukonziba omulundi oguddako.

Kilowoozeeko nga ttaapu y’amazzi. Ogiggulawo ng’ogwetaaga n’oyingizaamu amazzi, ate ng’omaze okugiggalawo. Bwe kitaba ekyo, amazzi gagenda mu kasasiro. Valiva y’amawuggwe nayo efuga okutambula kw’omusaayi mu ngeri y’emu.

Omulimu ogw’enjawulo ogwa vvaalu y’amawuggwe mu nkola ya Ross

Ng’oggyeeko okufuga okutambula kw’omusaayi mu ngeri eya bulijjo, vvaalu eno ey’amawuggwe esobola n’okukola omulimu omulala ogw’enjawulo. Kwe kugamba, esobola okukozesebwa ng’ekikyusa nga vvaalu endala enkulu mu mutima gwaffe, `(aortic valve),` efunye obulwadde era nga tesobola kukola bulungi. Kino kiyitibwa `(enkola ya Ross)` . Kuno kulongoosa kuzibu katono. Kikolebwa mu baana abamu n’abantu abakulu abali wansi w’emyaka 60 nga balina `( Aortic Valve Disease )`. Mu kulongoosa kuno, omusawo alongoosa aggyawo `(aortic valve)` yo endwadde n'agikyusa n'assaamu valve yo ey'amawuggwe ennungi. Olwo, vvaalu y’amawuggwe okuva eri omuntu omulala ( donor ) ekusimbulizibwa. Valiva yo yennyini ey’amawuggwe nnungi nnyo okudda mu kifo kya vvaalu yo ey’omusuwa kubanga ensengekera n’enkola ya byombi bifaanagana nnyo. Eno y’ensonga lwaki kiwangaala.

Valiva eno ey’amawuggwe esangibwa wa ddala?

Kino kiri munda mu mutima gwo. Nga bwe twagambye emabegako, kino kiringa akakwate wakati w’omusuwa gwo ogwa ddyo n’omusuwa gw’amawuggwe, omusuwa omukulu ogutwala omusaayi mu mawuggwe go. Kisangibwa ku ddyo wa, era mu maaso katono, vvaalu y’omusuwa, nga eno ye vvaalu endala enkulu mu mutima.

Ensengekera, kwe kugamba, enkula ki, eya vvaalu y’amawuggwe?

Valiva y’amawuggwe erina ebikoola oba ebiwujjo ebikulu bisatu. Okugguka n’okuggalwa kw’ebipapajjo bino kwe kufuga okutambula kw’omusaayi. Ebipapajjo bino ebisatu biyitibwa ekitundu eky’omu maaso (anterior cusp), ekitundu kya kkono (anterior cusp), n’eky’oku ddyo (right cusp). Ebiwujjo bino byesibye ku mpeta y’ebitundu ebinywevu katono, erimu ebiwuzi ebiyitibwa annulus. Omutima bwe guwummulamu (kwe kugamba, mu kiseera ky’omutendera gwa diastolic), ebiwujjo bino ebisatu bikwatagana bulungi ne biggalawo ddala vvaalu. Kino kiremesa omusaayi okukulukuta emabega mu ventricle ya ddyo (regurgitation).

Endwadde ki n’embeera ki ezikosa ekisenge ky’amawuggwe?

Obulwadde bw’amawuggwe busobola okubaawo mu ngeri nnyingi ez’enjawulo. Ebiseera ebisinga, zino mbeera za mutima ezizaalibwa. Kino kitegeeza nti ggwe oba omwana wo muyinza okuba n’ebizibu bino ng’azaalibwa. Kyokka, si bulijjo, obuzibu ku vvaalu eno busobola okubaawo ng’omuntu akuze. Kino kitera okuva ku mbeera endala, gamba nga puleesa y’amawuggwe . Ezimu ku mbeera eziyinza okukosa vvaalu y’amawuggwe mulimu:

• Pulmonary atresia: Eno mbeera ya mutima ebeerawo ng’azaalibwa. Kino kibaawo nga vvaalu y’amawuggwe g’omwana tekula bulungi, oba ng’okugguka kwayo kuzibiddwa ebitundu by’omubiri. Kino kireetera omusaayi okutambula mu bitundu by’omutima gw’omwana ebirala. Kino kireeta...Omwana bw’azaalibwa, ayinza okufuuka bbululu ( cyanosis ) (ekitegeeza nti omukka gwa oxygen omutono).
• Tetralogy of Fallot: Buno era bulwadde bwa mutima obuzaalibwa. Embeera eno ekosa abaana nga 1 ku buli 2,500 abazaalibwa mu Amerika. Mu mbeera eno, omwana alina ebintu bina ebitali bya bulijjo ku mutima. Ekimu ku bintu bino ebitali bya bulijjo kwe kuzimba amawuggwe (okufunda kw’ekisenge ky’amawuggwe n’omusuwa omukulu ogw’amawuggwe). Embeera eno ya maanyi kubanga ekoma ku bungi bw’omusaayi ogulimu omukka gwa oxygen ogutambula mu mubiri gw’omwana gwonna. Abalongo abalina embeera eno mazima ddala bajja kwetaaga okulongoosebwa.
• Pulmonary valve stenosis: Kino kibeera kifunda kya valve. Kino nakyo kitera okubaawo ng’azaalibwa. Era kitera okulabibwa mu baana abalina obulwadde bwa Tetralogy of Fallot. Waliwo enkola ezitayingiza nnyo mubiri eziyinza okukozesebwa okuggulawo vvaalu ng’obujjanjabi. Abantu abamu era bayinza okwetaaga okukyusa vvaalu. Si kya bulijjo nnyo omuntu eyazaalibwa ng’alina vvaalu y’amawuggwe ennungi n’afuna obulwadde bw’okusannyalala kw’amawuggwe ng’akula.
• Absent pulmonary valve: Eno nayo mbeera ya mutima ezaalibwa. Bukwata abalongo nga 1 ku buli 50,000. Businga kubeera mu baana abalina obulwadde bwa Tetralogy of Fallot. Kino we wabaawo ebipapula/ebipapajjo by’omusuwa gw’amawuggwe g’omwana we bibula oba nga tebikula bulungi. Kino kireetera okugguka kwa vvaalu okufunda (stenosis) n’omusaayi okukulukuta emabega (regurgitation). Kino kireetera omusaayi okukulukuta okudda mu ventricle eya ddyo okuva ku musuwa omukulu ogw’omwana okutuuka mu mawuggwe (pulmonary trunk). Embeera eno nayo yeetaaga okujjanjabibwa nga bakyali bato.
• Pulmonary (pulmonic) valve regurgitation: Kino omusaayi bwe gukulukuta okuyita mu vvaalu. Kino kitera kuva ku puleesa y’amawuggwe mu bakadde oba obulwadde bw’omutima obuzaalibwa. Era kiyinza okubaawo mu bantu abamu abalongooseddwa obulwadde bwa Tetralogy of Fallot. Kino kibaawo nga vvaalu y’amawuggwe teggalawo ddala buli omutima lwe gukuba. N’ekyavaamu, omutima bwe guwummulamu, omusaayi ogumu gukulukuta ne gudda mu kisenge kya ddyo okuva mu musuwa gw’amawuggwe. Abantu abasinga balina obubonero obutono. Kyokka abantu abamu bayinza okuba n’obubonero obw’ekigero oba obw’amaanyi nga kyetaagisa okujjanjabibwa. Singa ekika kino eky’okukulukuta kiwangaala, kiyinza okuvaako okugaziwa n’okulemererwa kw’ekisenge kya ddyo, wamu n’okuzimba (edema).

Kisoboka okubeera nga tolina vvaalu y’amawuggwe?

Oh nedda. Valiva y’amawuggwe kitundu kikulu nnyo ekisindika omusaayi mu mawuggwe era kiyamba omusaayi ogwo okufuna omukka gwa oxygen.Tetusobola kubeera nga tetulina vvaalu ekola bulungi. Abalongo n’abaana abalina embeera z’amawuggwe ez’amaanyi basobola okuwangaala singa tebajjanjabwa bulungi. N’olwekyo, ggwe oba omwana wo bw’oba ​​olina embeera y’amawuggwe, kikulu okwogera n’omusawo wo ku ngeri gy’oyinza okukozesaamu obujjanjabi n’obulamu bw’omuntu.

Nkola ntya okukuuma vvaalu y’amawuggwe nga nnungi?

Obuzibu bwa valve y’omutima tebutera kuziyizibwa naddala obwo obubeerawo ng’ozaalibwa. Naye, okutwalira awamu, okugoberera obulamu obulungi eri omutima kiyinza okugenda wala mu kukuuma valve yo n’omutima nga bikola bulungi. Bino bye bimu ku bintu ebiyinza okuyamba:

• Lekera ddala okunywa sigala, okunywa sigala, n’ebintu byonna ebikolebwa mu taaba . Saba omusawo akuyambe okulekayo.
• Kikomye ku kunywa omwenge , oba gukomye ddala.
• Lya emmere eyamba omutima. (Kino tujja kukyogerako mu kiwandiiko eky’enjawulo!)
• Dduyiro buli kiseera ng’omusawo bw’akulagidde. Abantu abasinga balina okukola dduyiro ow’amaanyi ag’ekigero okumala eddakiika nga 150 buli wiiki, gamba ng’okutambula.
• Fuga embeera nga puleesa ne kolesterol omungi.
• Eddagala omusawo ly’akulagidde limira mu budde bwennyini era mu budde.
• Okukeberebwa omusawo waakiri omulundi gumu mu mwaka.
• Bw’oba ​​oli lubuto, kakasa nti ogenda mu malwaliro agatuufu agajjanjaba abazaalisa n’abakyala n’ofuna obujjanjabi obwetaagisa. Bw’okola ekyo kiyinza okukendeeza ku bulabe bw’okufuna obulwadde bw’omutima obuzaalibwa mu mwana wo eyaakazaalibwa.

Okuyiga ku nsengeka y’omutima gwo oluusi kiyinza okuwulira nga kikuzitoowerera naddala nga ggwe oba omwana wo bazudde nti olina obulwadde bw’omutima. Amawulire mangi nnyo okutwala omulundi gumu. Si kyangu kujjukira valve ki ezitwala omusaayi wa, n’engeri obulwadde bw’omutima gye bukosaamu entambula y’omusaayi. Naye jjukira nti omusawo wo abeerawo bulijjo okukuyamba okuyiga ebintu bino n’okukuwa amawulire ge weetaaga. Tolonzalonza kubabuuza kibuuzo kyonna ky'olina.

Obubaka Obusembayo Okutwala Awaka

Kale, kati otegedde nti Pulmonary Valve kitundu kitono nnyo, naye nga kikulu nnyo ku mutima gwaffe. Kiringa ‘ekikomera’ ekifuga okutambula kw’omusaayi ogutaliimu mukka gwa oxygen okuva ku mutima okutuuka mu mawuggwe.Ebiseera ebisinga, ebizibu bino ebya valve biba bya kuzaalibwa. Naye oluusi basobola okukula nga bakuze. Ekisinga obukulu kwe kufuna amagezi amatuufu ag’abasawo n’obujjanjabi bw’oba ​​olina embeera eno. Ekirala, okubeera n’obulamu obulungi kiyamba okukuuma omutima gwaffe ne vvaalu zino nga nnungi. Bw’oba ​​ggwe oba omuntu gw’omanyi olina ekibuuzo ekirala kyonna ku nsonga eno, tolwawo kwogera na musawo. Buli muntu abeere n'omutima omulamu obulungi!