Ka tuyige ku buzaale bw’omubiri gwaffe ‘obukuuma’ (Tumor Suppressor Genes) obuteeka buleeki ku kookolo!

Wali olowoozezza nti munda mu mibiri gyaffe mulimu obukuumi obutonotono obuyamba okukomya kookolo okutondebwa? Yee, kituufu. Leero tugenda kwogera ku kika ky’obuzaale ekikulu ennyo ekifuga obutoffaali bwa kookolo mu mibiri gyaffe. Bano balinga ‘abakuumi’ mu mibiri gyaffe.

‘Ensengekera z’obuzaale eziziyiza ebizimba’ zino ze ziruwa?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, zino ``Tumor Suppressor Genes`` kibinja kinene eky'obuzaale obukuuma omubiri gwaffe okuva ku kookolo. Ensengekera zino zikola nga buleeki ku mmotoka. Ensengekera zino zikola ekika kya puloteyina eky’enjawulo. Puloteeni zino ziyimiriza obutoffaali okukula amangu ennyo, ekiyinza okuvaako kookolo, ne zimuteekako "buleeki".

Teebereza ekibaawo singa obuzaale buno obuziyiza kookolo bukola enkyukakyuka ey’ekika ekimu , kwe kugamba, enkyukakyuka. Olwo kiba ng’okuggya buleeki ku mmotoka n’olinnya ku ‘accelerator’. Okukula kw’obutoffaali kwanguyira mangu nga tekufugibwa. Wano obulabe bw’okukwatibwa kookolo we bweyongera.

Ddala obuzaale buno bukola butya mu mibiri gyaffe?

Okutegeera engeri ``Tumor Suppressor Genes'' zino gye zikolamu, tulina okusooka okumanya katono ku nkolagana wakati wa ``DNA'', genes, n'obutoffaali.

Buli kimu ku buwumbi bw'obutoffaali mu mubiri gwaffe kirimu ``DNA''. Munda mu ``DNA'' eno mulimu obuzaale. Obuzaale buno bubuulira obutoffaali eky’okukola, ddi lwe bulina okwawukana, ne ddi lwe bulina okulekera awo okwawukana.

Kati teebereza nti singa obuzaale obumu oba obusingawo mu katoffaali bukyuka , kwe kugamba, bwe bukyuka, obuzaale obwo obukyusiddwa bulekera awo okukola puloteyina, oba butandika okukola obutoffaali obutali bwa bulijjo. Ekyo bwe kibaawo, obutoffaali obwo obutali bwa bulijjo busobola okulekera awo okuwa obutoffaali ebiragiro, oba buyinza okuwa ebiragiro ebikyamu. Mu kookolo, ebiragiro bino ebipya bireetera obutoffaali okwekutula ne bweyongera mu ngeri etafugibwa, okukkakkana nga bukola ebizimba .

Kale, obuzaale buno obuziyiza kookolo kye bukola kwe kufuga ddala enkola enzibu eyitibwa enzirukanya y’obutoffaali. Ekyo kili:

• Kiziyiza obutoffaali okwawukana n’okukula amangu ekivaako okutondebwa kw’ebizimba. Kino kikulu nnyo.
• Mu budde obutuufu obutoffaali buwangaala okumala ekiseera ekigere oluvannyuma ne bufa. Kino tukiyita "okufa kw'obutoffaali okutegekeddwa / apoptosis." Kwe kugamba, kiyamba obutoffaali obukadde, obwonooneddwa okufa mu butonde.
• Addaabiriza okwonooneka kwa DNA obuyinza okubaawo ng’obutoffaali bweyawukana amangu okusinga ku bwa bulijjo.
• Kiyamba okuziyiza ebizimba bya kookolo okusaasaana mu mubiri gwonna, kwe kugamba, obutafuuka ``metastatic.''

Mu ngeri ennyangu, obuzaale buno bwe bukakasa nti obutoffaali mu mubiri gwaffe bukola mu ngeri entegeke era efugibwa. Ng’omuserikale wa poliisi y’ebidduka.

Lwaki obuzaale buno bukyuka? Ensonga ze ziruwa?

Waliwo ensonga bbiri enkulu lwaki obuzaale buno obuziyiza kookolo bukyuka.

1. Enkyukakyuka ezisikira:

Abantu abamu enkyukakyuka zino ez’obuzaale zisikira bazadde baabwe. Kino kitegeeza nti obuzaale obukyusiddwa bwaliwo mu katoffaali k’amagi oba ensigo akaakuzaala. Ng’ekyokulabirako, embeera eyitibwa Li-Fraumeni syndrome eva ku kusikira obuzaale obukyusiddwa obuziyiza kookolo okuva ku muzadde.

Oluusi, omuntu azaalibwa n’obuzaale obumu obukyusiddwa asobola okukulaakulanya obuzaale obulala obukyusiddwa ng’akula. Okubeera n’obuzaale bubiri obw’engeri eyo obukyusiddwa kyongera obulabe bw’okufuna ebika bya kookolo ebimu, gamba nga kookolo w’amabeere. Kyokka, kikulu okukijjukira nti okusikira obuzaale buno tekitegeeza nti ojja kufuna kookolo .

2. Enkyukakyuka ezifunibwa:

Emirundi mingi, bwe tukaddiwa, obuzaale buno obulwanyisa kookolo bukyuka. Emibiri gyaffe giringa layini y’okufulumya ebintu ekola ku sipiidi. Obuzaale obupya bwe bukolebwa, oluusi ensobi ziyinza okubaawo. Ekiseera bwe kigenda kiyitawo, singa enkola eno teddaabirizibwa bulungi, ensobi zino zisobola okukuŋŋaanyizibwa. Ensobi ez’ekika kino ze zireetera obuzaale obulwanyisa kookolo okulekera awo okukola.

Bika ki eby’obuzaale obuziyiza ebizimba obukyusiddwa? Ka tulabe ebyokulabirako ebimu.

Kati abanoonyereza ku by’obujjanjabi bazudde obuzaale obusoba mu 1,000 obukyusiddwa obuziyiza kookolo obuyinza okuleeta kookolo. Bino bye bimu ku byokulabirako ebikulu bye tusinga okuwulira:

• (p53) Ensengekera y’obutonde: Enkyukakyuka, oba enkyukakyuka, mu buzaale buno zizuuliddwa nga zikwatagana ne kookolo ezisukka mu 50% ku kookolo yenna . Kino kitegeeza nti eno ggiini nkulu nnyo.
• (RB1) gene: Kino kye kyokulabirako ekisooka eky’enkyukakyuka mu ggiini eziyiza kookolo ereeta kookolo. Okunoonyereza kulaga nti obuzaale buno obwa ``(RB1)`` bukyusibwa mu bantu abalina kookolo owa bulijjo nga kookolo w'amabeere ne kookolo w'enseke.
• (CDKN2a) gene: Ensengekera eno ekyusibwa mu bantu abalina kookolo w’olususu ow’obuzaale (ekika kya kookolo w’olususu) ne kookolo w’olubuto. Era kisangibwa mu bitundu 25% ku 30% ku kookolo yenna abantu z’afuna mu bulamu bwabwe. Okugeza, asobola okusangibwa mu kookolo w’amabeere, kookolo w’amawuggwe, kookolo w’ekibumba, ne kookolo w’olubuto.
• (BRCA1) ne (BRCA2) obuzaale: Oyinza okuba nga wali owulidde ku buzaale buno. Abantu abalina kookolo w'amabeere ow'obuzaale ne kookolo w'enkwaso, wamu n'abo abafuna kookolo w'enkwaso nga bakuze, balina enkyukakyuka mu buzaale bwa ``BRCA1''. Abantu abalina kookolo w'amabeere ow'obuzaale nabo bayinza okuba n'enkyukakyuka mu buzaale bwa ``BRCA2''. Enkyukakyuka zino zongera obulabe bw’okufuna kookolo w’amabeere, enkwaso n’endala. Oluusi, abasawo bagamba nti omuntu yenna mu maka go abadde alina kookolo w’amabeere oba ow’enkwaso okukeberebwa obuzaale.
• (APC) obuzaale:Abantu abazaalibwa n’embeera z’obuzaale nga Gardner syndrome oba Turcot syndrome balina enkyukakyuka mu nkola eno eya ``(APC)`` gene. Abanoonyereza bakwataganya obuzaale buno obwa ``(APC)`` obukyusiddwa ne kookolo w'olubuto n'omumwa gwa nnabaana ne kookolo w'ekibumba.
• (PTEN) gene: Ensengekera eno (PTEN) ekyusibwa mu bantu abalina kookolo ow’ebika eby’enjawulo, gamba nga kookolo w’amabeere, kookolo w’enseke, kookolo w’omutwe n’ensingo, ne kookolo wa follicular thyroid.

Bino bye byokulabirako ebitonotono. Waliwo obuzaale obulala bungi nga buno.

Waliwo okukebera obuzaale okuzuula oba obuzaale buno bukyusiddwa?

Yee, waliwo okukebera obuzaale okusobola okuzuula enkyukakyuka ezimu mu buzaale, kwe kugamba, enkyukakyuka ezimu mu buzaale buno obuziyiza kookolo. Kyokka si buli muntu nti yeetaaga okukeberebwa kuno.

Ani asaanira okukeberebwa obuzaale?

Okusinziira ku kitongole kya National Cancer Institute, waliwo ensonga eziwerako lwaki oyinza okulowooza ku ky’okukeberebwa obuzaale bw’omuntu okuzuula kookolo:

• Singa wafuna kookolo nga tonnaweza myaka 50.
• Bw’oba ​​obadde n’ebika bya kookolo eby’enjawulo ebiwerako.
• Bw’oba ​​olina kookolo mu nkola z’ebitundu byo byombi (okugeza kookolo mu nsigo zombi, oba kookolo mu mabeere gombi).
• Singa ab’eŋŋanda za ddaala erisooka abawerako mu maka go babadde n’ekika kya kookolo kye kimu. Ab’eŋŋanda za ddaala erisooka be bazadde bo, baganda bo n’abaana bo. Abanoonyereza abamu bagamba nti n’abooluganda ab’eddaala ery’okubiri n’ery’okusatu bakeberebwe.
• Singa abantu abawerako mu maka go baba bafunye kookolo oba mu kiseera kino balina kookolo.
• Bw’oba ​​olina ekika kya kookolo ekigere ekitatera kubeera mu bantu ab’emyaka gyo oba ab’ekikula kyo. Okugeza kookolo w’amabeere g’abasajja.
• Bw’oba ​​olina enkyukakyuka mu mubiri ezikwatagana n’obulwadde bwa kookolo obumu obusikira. Okugeza, Neurofibromatosis Type 1 kookolo ow’obusika era awerekerwako obubonero obulala, gamba ng’ebizimba ebitali bya kookolo ebiyitibwa neurofibromas.
• Bw’oba ​​wa ggwanga oba ekika ekimu, okimanyi nti balina emikisa mingi egy’okufuna obulwadde bwa kookolo obumu obw’obuzaale, era olina emu oba eziwera ku nsonga ezo waggulu. Okugeza, okunoonyereza kulaga nti enkyukakyuka y’obuzaale eya `(BRCA1/2)` esinga kubeera mu `(Abayudaaya aba Ashkenazi)` (abantu abava mu Bulaaya ey’amasekkati n’ey’obuvanjuba ey’Abayudaaya).

Tusobola okumanya buli kimu mu butuufu okuva mu bigezo bino?

Kino nakyo kikulu nnyo. Ne bw’oba ​​okeberebwa obuzaale bw’omuntu alina kookolo, oyinza obutafuna kuddamu kutegeerekeka bulungi.Ate era, okubeera n’enkyukakyuka mu buzaale tekitegeeza nti ojja kufuna kookolo. Kitegeeza kyokka nti oyinza okuba mu bulabe obw’okufuna kookolo.

Bw’oba ​​weeraliikirira obulabe bwo obw’okukwatibwa kookolo, kirungi okulaba omusawo wo n’oyogera ku bulamu bwo okutwalira awamu, engeri gy’obeera n’obulamu bwo, n’ebyafaayo by’obujjanjabi bw’amaka go. Olwo omusawo asobola okukuwa amagezi okukebera kookolo okukusaanira. Okukebera kuno si bulijjo kukebera buzaale.

Kale, bintu ki ebikulu bye tulina okujjukira? (Obubaka Obutwala Awaka)

Okay, kale bino bye bintu ebikulu eby'okujjukira ku ``Tumor Suppressor Genes'' bye twayogeddeko:

• Obuzaale buno bukola ng'engabo enkulu ekukuuma okuva ku kookolo .
• Zifuga sipiidi obutoffaali bwo gye bwawukana, zitta obutoffaali obukadde oba obwonooneddwa, era ziddaabiriza DNA eyonoonese.
• Singa obuzaale buno bukyuka , obutoffaali busobola okweyawulamu ne bweyongera mu ngeri etafugibwa, ekivaako okutondebwawo kw’ebizimba bya kookolo.
• Abanoonyereza ku by’obujjanjabi bazudde obuzaale obw’engeri eno obusukka mu 1,000 obuziyiza kookolo.
• Waliwo okukebera obuzaale okuzuula enkyukakyuka zino mu buzaale, naye tezisaanira buli muntu.
• Bw’oba ​​weeraliikirira oba ng’olina ekikweraliikiriza ku bulabe bw’okufuna kookolo, kirungi okugenda ew’omusawo akuwe amagezi. Olwo omusawo ajja kukubuulira ky’oyinza okukola okukendeeza ku bulabe bw’okufuna kookolo n’okukeberebwa kw’oyinza okwetaaga.

Kale, nsuubira nti amawulire gano mwagasanga nga ga mugaso. Tulabe nate n'obukodyo obulala obukulu obw'ebyobulamu nga buno!

` Tumor Suppressor Genes, kookolo, enkyukakyuka mu buzaale, DNA, obutoffaali, okukebera obuzaale, akabi ka kookolo