Era oyagala okumanya ku kookolo ono ow’omusaayi? Ka twogere ku bulwadde bwa Acute Monocytic Leukemia (AMoL)!

Wali owuliddeko ku Acute Monocytic Leukemia, oba AMoL? Erinnya lino liyinza okuwulikika ng’ekyewuunyisa katono, naye kika kya kookolo akwata omusaayi. Teebereza singa wabaawo ekikyamu mu butoffaali bw’omubiri gwaffe obukola omusaayi, ate mu kifo ky’obutoffaali obulamu obulungi, obutoffaali bwa kookolo ne butandika okutondebwawo? Ekyo kye kibaawo mu musango guno. Wadde nga eno mboozi ya maanyi katono, ka twogere ku nsonga eno mu ngeri ennyangu, mu ngeri gy’osobola okutegeera.

Kino kye bayita Acute Monocytic Leukemia kye ki?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, Acute Monocytic Leukemia (AMoL) kika kya kookolo abeera mu kibinja kya leukemia ekiyitibwa Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Okimanyi nti obulwadde bwa leukemia kookolo w’omusaayi. Kale AMoL eno nayo kookolo wa musaayi . Kibaawo nga waliwo ekikyamu mu nkola y’okukola obutoffaali bw’omusaayi munda mu mubiri gwaffe. Okubeera omutuufu, obutoffaali obutakuze obulina okufuuka obutoffaali bw’omusaayi obulungi, kwe kugamba, obutoffaali obuyitibwa blasts , bukyuka ne bufuuka obutoffaali bwa kookolo.

Mu AMoL, obutoffaali buno obutakuze oba okubwatuka, buyimirira mu bigere byabwo nga bwe bukula ne bufuuka ekika ky’obutoffaali obweru obuyitibwa monocytes . Kyokka mu kifo ky’okufuuka obutoffaali obuyitibwa monocytes obulamu, busibira ku mutendera ogutakuze oba okubwatuka ne bufuuka obutoffaali bwa kookolo.

Acute monocytic leukemia kookolo wa maanyi nnyo, asaasaana mangu . Omusawo ajja kukuyamba okufuna obujjanjabi obusinga obulungi ku mbeera yo. Teweeraliikiriranga, kino tujja kukyogerako mu bujjuvu.

Waliwo ebika bya kino?

Yee, ekitongole ky’ebyobulamu mu nsi yonna (WHO) kigabanya AMoL okusinziira ku kika ky’obutoffaali obufuuka kookolo (i.e., monocytes). Era eyitibwa AML-M5 okusinziira ku nkola enkadde ey’okugabanyaamu Abafaransa-Amerika-British (FAB). Mu nkola eno, AML-M5 eyongera okugabanyizibwamu ebika bibiri:

Obulwadde bw’omusaayi obuyitibwa monoblastic leukemia (AML-M5a) .

Mu kika kino, waakiri ebitundu 80% ku butoffaali bufuuka kookolo nga tebunnakula mu bujjuvu. Ekika kino kisinga kulabibwa mu baana abato n'abato abakulu .

Obulwadde bw’omusaayi obuyitibwa monocytic leukemia (AML-M5b) .

Mu kino, obutoffaali obutali bwa bulijjo nnyo bufuuka kookolo ku mutendera ogugenda mu maaso katono ogw’okukula kw’obutoffaali. Ekika kino tekikosa nnyo kibinja kya myaka ekimu .

Ensengeka zino ziyamba abasawo okuzuula obulwadde buno. Kyokka ekika ekimu si kya maanyi okusinga ekirala. Zombi mbeera ezeetaaga okufaayo ku ddaala lye limu.

Bubonero ki obulaga kino?

Obubonero bwa AMoL butera okulabika era ne bukulaakulana mangu . Bino bye bimu ku bubonero obulaga nti obulwadde buno:

• Kyangu okunyiga n’okuvaamu omusaayiOkubeerawo (okuvaamu omusaayi mu nnyindo, okuvaamu omusaayi ennyo mu nnyindo n’ebirala) Teebereza nti ofuna ekiwundu ekinene ne bw’oba ​​omaze okutomera awalala, oba ennyindo zo zivaamu omusaayi mungi ng’osenya amannyo.
• Obutoffaali obutono, obwa kakobe, obumyufu oba obwa kitaka wansi w’olususu ( petechiae ). Bino biyinza okufaanana ng’obutundutundu obutonotono, naye mu butuufu biba bitundutundu bya musaayi ogukulukuta wansi w’olususu.
• Okuzimba kw’ennyindo oba okukula ennyo kw’ebitundu by’ennyindo.
• Obunafu n'obukoowu obuyitiridde . Just feeling nga tolina maanyi. Okuwulira ng’okooye ne bw’ozuukuka ku makya.
• Okukaluubirirwa okussa.
• Emmere tewooma.
• Okugejja awatali nsonga . Bw’oba ​​ogejja nga tolina ddiiti, kintu ky’olina okussaayo omwoyo.
• Olususu olumyufu.
• Okuziyira.
• Omusujja.

Oluusi, obulwadde bwa acute monocytic leukemia buyinza okukosa obwongo bwo n’obusimu bwo obw’omu makkati . Kino bwe kibaawo, oyinza okufuna obubonero ng’okukaluubirirwa okujjukira n’okussaayo omwoyo.

Lwaki obulwadde obw’ekika kino bubaawo?

Abakugu mu by’obujjanjabi n’okutuusa kati tebamanyi kituufu kivaako AMOL. Naye kirowoozebwa nti kiva ku nkyukakyuka mu buzaale , oba enkyukakyuka mu DNA y’obutoffaali. Enkyukakyuka zino ze zireetera akatoffaali akalamu okufuuka kookolo.

Abanoonyereza bakizudde nti mu bantu abamu abalina AMoL, waliwo obuzibu mu buzaale obuyitibwa chromosomal rearrangement. Kino kitegeeza nti ekitundu kya chromosome emu kikutuka ne kyekwata ku chromosome endala. Kino kiyitibwa okukyusakyusa ensengekera y'obutonde ( chromosomal translocation ) . Obuzibu buno busobola okuleetera obutoffaali okulekera awo okukula nga monocyte ne bufuuka obutoffaali bwa kookolo. Kilowoozeeko ng’ekintu ekibadde kitambula obubi.

Okunoonyereza ku nkyukakyuka zino ez’obuzaale kukyagenda mu maaso. Okutegeera obuzaale obuli emabega wa kookolo kijja kuyamba abakugu okukola obujjanjabi obulungi okusobola okumulwanyisa.

Biki ebiyinza okuleeta obulwadde buno?

Waliwo ebintu ebiwerako ebiyinza okwongera ku bulabe bw’okulwala obulwadde bwa Acute Monocytic Leukemia. Bino bye bimu ku byo:

• Okunywa sigala n'okukwatibwa omukka ogw'okukozesa . Ne bw’oba ​​tonywa ssigala, okubeera n’abantu abanywa ssigala nakyo kya bulabe.
• Bw’oba ​​wali ofunye obujjanjabi bwa kookolo, okugeza eddagala eriweweeza ku bulwadde bwa kookolo n’obujjanjabi obw’amasannyalaze.
• Okumala ebbanga eddene ng’okwatibwa ebirungo ebireeta kkansa , gamba ng’eddagala nga benzene ne formaldehyde (ekiyinza okusangibwa mu makolero agamu ne langi).
• Okukwatibwa obusannyalazo oluvannyuma lw’akabenje ka riyaaktori ya nukiriya oba bbomu ya atomu.
• Bw’oba ​​olina obulwadde obw’obuzaale obuyisibwa mu milembe, okugeza , Li-Fraumeni syndrome .
• Bw’oba ​​olina endwadde ezikwatagana n’obusimu bw’amagumba, gamba nga myeloproliferative neoplasms .

Naye kikulu okujjukira nti okubeera n'ensonga y'akabi tekitegeeza nti ddala ojja kufuna kookolo . Wabula kirungi nnyo okwewala obulabe bw’osobola okufuga, gamba ng’obutanywa ssigala.

Bizibu ki ebiyinza okuva mu bulwadde buno?

Bw’oba ​​olina AMoL, obutoffaali obutali bwa bulijjo busobola okuzimba mu busimu bwo obw’amagumba . Nga bw’omanyi, obusigo bw’amagumba we bukolebwa obutoffaali bw’omusaayi. N’olwekyo obutoffaali buno obwa kookolo bwe bukula, buziba obutoffaali bw’omusaayi obulamu. Kino kiyinza okuvaako obutoffaali obumyufu, obutoffaali obweru, n’obutoffaali obuyitibwa platelets okukendeera, ekiyinza okuvaako ebizibu eby’enjawulo. Okugeza nga:

• Anemia : Embeera eva ku kukendeera kw’obutoffaali obumyufu. Kino kiyinza okuvaako obukoowu n’okufuuka omumyufu.
• Neutropenia : Okukendeera kw’obutoffaali obuyitibwa neutrophils, ekika ky’obutoffaali obweru. Kino kyongera obulabe bw’okukwatibwa obulwadde.
• Thrombocytopenia : Okukendeera kw’obutoffaali obuyitibwa platelets, obuyamba omusaayi okuzimba. Kino kiyinza okuvaako omusaayi okweyongera ne bwe guva ku buvune obutono.

Obulwadde buno obutegeera otya?

Abasawo bakozesa ebigezo ebiwerako okuzuula obulwadde bwa AML. Okusinziira ku kitongole ky’ebyobulamu mu nsi yonna, omuntu atwalibwa ng’alina AML singa obutoffaali bwe 20% oba okusingawo buba butaffaali bwa bulijjo, obutakuze. Era, ebitundu ebisukka mu 80% ku butoffaali obwo obutali bwa bulijjo bulina okuba nga bwa monocytes oba monocyte precursors.

Omusawo wo ajja kutwala omusaayi, oba ebitundu by’omubiri, amazzi oba obusigo bw’amagumba. Bino mu butuufu bikeberebwa mu laabu.

Bino bye bigezo ebikozesebwa okuzuula AMoL:

• Okukebera omusaayi : Okubala omusaayi mu bujjuvu (CBC ) kuyinza okulaga obubonero bwa AMoL, gamba ng’obutoffaali obweru obweyongera. Okusiiga omusaayi ogw’okumpi (peripheral blood smear) kuyinza okukebera obutoffaali obutali bwa bulijjo.
• Bone marrow biopsy : Ku kukebera kuno, omusawo wo aggyamu sampuli y’ebitundu by’omubiri oba amazzi okuva mu ggumba lyo (ebiseera ebisinga eggumba lyo ery’omu kiwato). Olwo sampuli eno ekeberebwa wansi wa microscope okukebera obutoffaali bwa kookolo. Kino kiyinza okuluma katono naye kyetaagisa nnyo okuzuula obulwadde.
• Taapu y’omugongo : Okulaba oba obutoffaali bwa kookolo busaasaanidde ku bwongo oba mu busimu obw’omu makkati, omusawo akwata sampuli y’amazzi go ag’omugongo n’agakebera.
• Okukebera obusimu obuziyiza endwadde: Okukebera kuno kunoonya puloteyina ezenjawulo ku ngulu w’obutoffaali. Puloteeni zino ziyamba okuzuula obutoffaali nga butoffaali bwa AMoL.
• Cytogenic analysis : Okwekenenya okw’ekika kino kukebera enkyukakyuka oba okuddamu okusengeka mu chromosomes munda mu butoffaali obukwatagana ne AMoL.

Bujjanjabi ki eri kino?

Ekigendererwa ekikulu eky'obujjanjabi kwe kuteeka kookolo mu kusonyiyibwa . Kwe kugamba, okutuuka ku ssa nga tewakyali butoffaali bwa kookolo mu busimu bwo oba mu musaayi. Naye kino tekisaanye kutabulwa na ddagala . Eddagala lye mbeera nga kookolo aweddewo ddala era nga tannadda.

Obujjanjabi bw’eddagala

Obujjanjabi obukulu obw'obulwadde bwa acute monocytic leukemia bwe bujjanjabi bwa ddagala . Kino kiyinza okuzingiramu emitendera gino wammanga:

• Induction therapy : Obujjanjabi buno bukozesa eddagala ly’eddagala erigatta okuteeka AMoL mu kusonyiyibwa. Obujjanjabi butera kubaamu emirundi mingi okumala ennaku eziwera, nga kyetaagisa okuddamu okukyalira.
• Enzijanjaba y’okunyweza : Mu bujjanjabi buno, ojja kusigala ng’ofuna eddagala lya dose ennene okutta obutoffaali bwa kookolo bwonna obusigaddewo. Kino kijja kukendeeza ku mikisa gy’obutoffaali bwa kookolo okudda. Obujjanjabi butera okumala emyezi esatu oba ena, okumala ennaku ntono.
• Enzijanjaba y’okuddaabiriza : Oluvannyuma lw’obujjanjabi obw’okutebenkeza, oyinza okwetaaga chemo ya dose entono okumala emyezi egiwerako oba n’emyaka.

Obujjanjabi obugendereddwamu

Obujjanjabi buno bugenderera enkyukakyuka oba enkyukakyuka ezenjawulo mu butoffaali bwa kookolo. Singa obujjanjabi bw’eddagala tebukoledde, oyinza okwetaaga obujjanjabi obugendereddwamu . Oba, singa wabaawo enkyukakyuka ey’enjawulo mu buzaale mu butoffaali bwa kookolo, oyinza okuweebwa eddagala erigendereddwamu ery’obujjanjabi erikola ku nkyukakyuka eyo.

Okusimbuliza obutoffaali obusibuka mu mubiri

Engeri yokka ey'okuwonya ddala obulwadde bwa acute monocytic leukemia kwe kusimbuliza obutoffaali obusibuka mu mubiri ( allogeneic stem cell transplant ) . Kino kiyinza okwetaagisa ng’omaze okugenda mu kusonyiyibwa. Oba, singa kookolo akomawo ng’omaze okugenda mu kusonyiyibwa, okusimbuliza kuno kuyinza okukolebwa. Mu nkola eno, omusawo akyusa obutoffaali bwo obw’ensigo n’akyusa obutoffaali obusibuka okuva eri omuntu agaba. Ebiseera ebisinga, oyo agaba omusaayi aba akwatagana nnyo n’omusaayi. Oba, kiyinza okuba omugabi atalina kakwate ku kiwandiiko ky’eggwanga oba eky’ensi yonna.

Naye si buli muntu nti asobola okusimbuliza obutoffaali obusibuka mu mubiri. Era kiyinza okuvaako ebizibu eby’amaanyi. Omusawo bw’anaakuwa amagezi, ajja kukunnyonnyola ebirungi n’ebibi.

Okugezesebwa mu malwaliro

Okugezesebwa mu malwaliro kwe kunoonyereza okugezesa obukuumi n’obulungi bw’obujjanjabi obupya. Okusinziira ku bulwadde bw’ozudde, buno buyinza okuba obujjanjabi obusinga obulungi gy’oli. Buuza omusawo wo oba olina okwetaba mu kugezesebwa okw’obujjanjabi.

Obeera otya n’embeera eno? / Emikisa ki egy'okuwona?

Endowooza y’omuntu alina obulwadde bwa acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) okutwalira awamu y’emu n’ey’omuntu alina acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Abantu nga 3 ku buli 10 abalina AMoL bakyali balamu nga wayise emyaka etaano bukya bazuuliddwa .

Wabula kikulu okujjukira nti ennamba zino teziraga bujjanjabi bupya. Obujjanjabi obupya busobozesa abantu okuwangaala ne AMoL. Ate era, prognosis yo , oba omukisa gw’okuwona, kisinziira ku bintu ebiwerako. Okugeza nga:

• Emyaka : Abantu abali wansi w’emyaka 65 balina emikisa mingi egy’okuwona AMoL.
• Omuwendo gw’obutoffaali obweru : Abo abalina obutoffaali obweru obutono balina emikisa mingi egy’okuwona.
• Okuddamu ku bujjanjabi : Singa okusonyiyibwa kubaawo oluvannyuma lw’okusooka okuweebwa eddagala (induction chemotherapy), emikisa gy’okuwona giri waggulu.

Weerabirira otya?

Okubeera n'obulwadde bwa leukemia kiyinza okukuleetera situleesi . Ne bw’oba ​​oli mu kusonyiyibwa, oyinza okuba ng’olina okukola ku kutya nti kookolo ajja kudda. Oyinza n’okukola ku bizibu ebiyinza okuva mu kujjanjaba kookolo okumala ebbanga eddene. Engeri esinga okwerabirira kwe kweyambisa eby'obugagga byonna by'olina . Mu bino biyinza okuli:

• Enteekateeka z’okuwona kookolo : Okukwatagana n’abantu abalala abalina kookolo kiyinza okukuwa obuyambi bwe weetaaga n’okukuyamba okuwulira nga toli wekka.
• Palliative care : Palliative care ekuyamba okuddukanya obubonero bwa kookolo n’ebizibu ebiva mu kujjanjaba kookolo. Ne bw’oba ​​oteebereza ki, kino kya mugaso nnyo.
• Obujjanjabi : Abantu bangi abalina kookolo bafuna okweraliikirira n’okwennyamira. Osobola okufuna obuyambi ng’osisinkana omukugu mu kubudaabuda abantu ku by’obulamu bw’obwongo akola n’abawona kookolo. Omubuulirizi asobola okukuyamba okuddukanya situleesi eza buli lunaku ezijja n’okuzuula kookolo.

Ddi lwe weetaaga okulaba omusawo?

Ojja kwetaaga okulaba omusawo buli kiseera okulondoola engeri gy’okwatamu obujjanjabi. Bajja kukutegeeza oba waliwo enkyukakyuka yonna mu mubiri gwo eyinza okulaga nti kookolo akomawo. Yogerako n'omusawo wo nga tolina ky'oziyiza .

Bibuuzo ki by’osaanidde okubuuza omusawo?

Bino bye bimu ku bibuuzo by’oyinza okubuuza omusawo wo:

• Bujjanjabi ki bwe nneetaaga?
• Biki bye nnina okusuubira, era nnyinza ntya okubiddukanya?
• Nneetaaga okwetaba mu kugezesebwa okw’obujjanjabi?
• Emirundi emeka gye nja kuba nnina okujja okukola enteekateeka z’okugoberera?
• Bikozesebwa ki ebiyinza okunnyamba?

N’ekisembayo, ebintu by’olina okujjukira

Okuzuula nti ggwe oba omwana wo olina obulwadde bwa acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) kiyinza okukuwuniikiriza. Kookolo w’omusaayi mbeera ya maanyi, era obujjanjabi buyinza okuba obw’okusoomoozebwa. Kirabika ojja kwolekagana n’obujjanjabi emirundi egiwerako mu nnaku, wiiki n’emyezi egijja.

Naye kikulu okujjukira kino: Obujjanjabi buno buyamba abantu okuwangaala okusinga bwe kyali kibadde . Abamu obujjanjabi buno busobola n’okumalawo ddala kookolo. Buuza omusawo wo ebivaamu by’oyinza okusuubira. Yogera nabo ku birungi n’ebibi ebiri mu buli bujjanjabi. Ziyinza okukuyamba okugumira ebiddako.

Jjukira kino: Si ggwe wekka mu lugendo luno. Abasawo, ab’omu maka gaabwe, n’emikwano bonna baliwo okukuyamba. Sigala nga oli mugumu!

` Acute monocytic leukemia, AMoL, kookolo w’omusaayi, obubonero bwa leukemia, obujjanjabi bw’eddagala, okukyusa obusigo bw’amagumba, obujjanjabi bwa kookolo