Era olina enjawulo entono mu vvaalu y’omutima gwo? Ka twogere ku Bicuspid Aortic Valve!

Wali olowoozezza ku miryango emitonotono egyali munda mu mutima gwo? Tuyinza n’obutalowooza ku ngeri bino gye biri ebikulu mu bulamu bwaffe obwa bulijjo. Naye, oluusi tujja mu nsi eno nga tulina enkyukakyuka entonotono mu miryango gino emitonotono, kwe kugamba, obuuma bw’omutima. Leero tugenda kwogera ku mbeera emu ey’enjawulo ng’eyo ey’omutima. Kino kiyitibwa obulwadde bwa Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease . Totya, ekisinga obukulu kwe kumanya kino.

Valiva eno eya bicuspid aortic kye ki? Mu ngeri ennyangu...

Lowooza ku mutima gwo nga ppampu y’amazzi. Pampu eno ekuba omusaayi omuyonjo ogulimu omukka gwa oxygen mu mubiri gwo gwonna. Waliwo omulyango omukulu ennyo omusaayi mwe gukulukuta okuva ku mutima okutuuka ku musuwa ogusinga obunene mu mubiri, aorta. Ekikomera kino tukiyita aortic valve .

Mu budde obwabulijjo, mu muntu omulamu obulungi, vvaalu y’omusuwa eba n’ebitundu bisatu oba ebiwaawaatiro, ng’ebikoola bisatu ku mulyango. Ebifuba bino ebisatu bigguka era ne biggala bulungi okusobozesa omusaayi okukulukuta mu ludda lumu lwokka – okuva ku mutima okutuuka ku musuwa. Ebiwujjo bino biremesa omusaayi okudda mu mutima.

Wabula omuntu alina `Bicuspid Aortic Valve` alina ebikuta bibiri mu `Aortic Valve`. ``Bi'' kitegeeza ``bibiri'' ate ``cuspid'' kitegeeza ``ekipapula''. Kale, erinnya lino liva ku kuba nti waliwo ebikoola bibiri. Eno mbeera ya ``congenital'' , ekitegeeza nti ebeerawo nga ozaalibwa.

Kati teebereza, kiki ekyandibaddewo singa oluggi luba n’ebikoola bibiri mu kifo ky’ebikoola bisatu? Mpozzi oluggi terwandigguddwa bulungi, oba olyawo terwandiggaddwa bulungi. Ekyo kye kituuka ku vvaalu eno.

• Singa vvaalu tegguka bulungi: Kifuuka kizibu omusaayi okukulukuta mu maaso, kwe kugamba, mu aorta. Kino kiyitibwa ‘Aortic Stenosis’ , ekitegeeza kyokka okufunda kwa vvaalu.
• Singa vvaalu teggalawo bulungi: Omusaayi gukulukuta ne gudda mu mutima okuva mu aorta. Kino kiyitibwa aortic regurgitation , ekitegeeza nti omusaayi gukulukuta ne guddamu okuyita mu vvaalu.

Oyinza okuba nga olina `Aortic Stenosis` oba `Aortic Regurgitation` eno okumala emyaka, era oyinza okuba nga togimanyi. Oyinza obutalaga bubonero bwonna. Kubanga `Aortic Valve` yo ekola omulimu gwayo bulungi nga bw'esobola. Kyokka tekola bulungi nga vvaalu eriko obupapula busatu.

Ekiseera bwe kigenda kiyitawo, vvaalu eno eya bicuspid ereetera omutima gwo okukola ennyo . Kino kiyinza okuvaako ebizibu eby'amaanyi .Kiyinza okubaawo. Wadde nga kiyinza okuba ekizibu okukkiriza amazima gano, okuyiga ku mbeera eno kijja kukuyamba okugitegeera obulungi.

Okubeera ne bicuspid aortic valve kizibu kitya?

Si buli muntu alina ‘bicuspid aortic valve’ nti ajja kufuna ebizibu. Wabula abantu nga omu ku buli basatu ajja kufuna ebizibu. Bino oluusi biyinza okuba eby’amaanyi ennyo era ne bituuka n’okuteeka obulamu mu matigga . Eno y’ensonga lwaki abantu abazuuliddwa nga balina obulwadde bwa bicuspid aortic valve balina okugenda mu maaso n’okukeberebwa abasawo n’okugoberera.

Embeera eno ekosa wakati wa 1% ne 2% ku bantu bonna. Businga kubeera mu basajja emirundi nga ebiri okusinga mu bakazi. Abantu abalina obulwadde bwa Turner syndrome nabo bali mu bulabe obw’okufuna obulwadde bw’omutima obw’ekika kino naddala okuzimba omutima mu bicuspid regurgitation.

Ebiseera ebisinga, oyinza obutalaba bubonero okutuusa ng’obulwadde buno buyitiridde nnyo oba nga waliwo embeera ey’amangu ey’obujjanjabi. Kyokka, okukebera ebifaananyi kuyinza okuzuula enkyukakyuka ezitali za maanyi nga tonnalaba na bubonero. Era enkulaakulana mu bujjanjabi esobola okukuyamba okubeera n’obulamu obuwanvu era obulungi .

Bubonero ki obulaga embeera eno?

Nga bwe kyayogeddwako emabegako, oyinza obutaba na bubonero bwonna. Oyinza okumala emyaka nga tomanyi na nti olina enkyukakyuka eno entono mu mutima gwo. Naye ekiseera bwe kinaagenda kiyitawo, obubonero bujja kutandika okulabika olw’okuba `Aortic Regurgitation` oba `Aortic Stenosis`.

Abaana abato n’abalongo:

Singa omwana wo aba n’omusuwa gw’omusuwa oguyitibwa bicuspid aortic valve, mu mbeera ezimu ez’amaanyi, obubonero buyinza okulabika nga wayiseewo akaseera katono ng’amaze okuzaalibwa. Naye ebiseera ebisinga, obubonero buno tebulabika okutuusa oluvannyuma.

• Olususu oluddugavu oba olwa bbululu (Cyanosis) .
• Obutayagala kulya, obuzibu mu kugejja

Obubonero mu bantu abakulu:

• Okuwulira ng’okooye (kano ke kabonero akasinga okulabika) .
• Obulumi mu kifuba oba obutabeera bulungi
• Okuziyira oba okuzirika
• Okukuba kw’omutima
• Okukaluubirirwa okussa , naddala nga okola emirimu

Abantu bangi bakizuula nti balina ‘bicuspid aortic valve’ oluvannyuma lw’okukeberebwa abasawo. Kino kiri bwe kityo kubanga obubonero buno busobola bulungi okusubwa. Ab’omu maka go oba mikwano gyo bayinza okukiraba enjawulo eri mu ggwe nga tonnalaba.

Lowooza ku mulimu omungi gw’osobola okukola mu lunaku olwa bulijjo. Kigeraageranye ku bungi bwe wakola omwaka gumu emabega, oba wadde emyezi mukaaga egiyise. Kati okoowa mangu? Weetaaga obudde obusingawo okuwummula? Bwe kiba bwe kityo, ekyo kiyinza okutegeeza nti omutima gwo gweyongera okukola omulimu ogwo.

Eno y'ensonga lwaki kikulu nnyo okukuuma enteekateeka z'omusawo wo . Yogerako n’omusawo wo ku nkyukakyuka zonna z’olaba mu bulamu bwo obwa bulijjo.

Kiki ekivaako ekisenge ky’omusuwa ekiyitibwa bicuspid aortic valve?

Abanoonyereza tebannaba kuzuula kituufu kivaako ‘bicuspid aortic valve’. Kyokka, y’embeera y’omutima esinga okuzaalibwa n’abantu . Bukula nga bukyali mu lubuto .

Kino kintu ekiva mu milembe?

Kirabika kisoboka, naye abanoonyereza n’okutuusa kati tebategedde bulungi bikwata ku nsonga eyo.

Bicuspid Aortic Valve esobola okutambulira mu maka. Singa omuntu wo ow’oku lusegere mu musaayi (omuzadde, omwana, muganda wo/muganda wo) alina obulwadde bw’omutima buno, yogerako n’omusawo wo. Bayinza okukuwa amagezi okukeberebwa ebimu okukebera ensengeka n'enkola y'omutima gwo .

Bw’oba ​​olina ‘bicuspid aortic valve’ era ng’oteekateeka okufuna olubuto, yogerako n’omusawo wo. Wadde ng’embeera eno tesobola kuziyizibwa, osobola okulondoola olubuto lwo n’ogezaako okuzuula obuzibu bwonna nga bukyali .

Bizibu ki ebiva mu mbeera eno?

Singa tebujjanjabwa, obulwadde bwa Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease buyinza okuvaako ebizibu eby’amaanyi. Ebimu ku byo mulimu:

• Omutima Okulemererwa: Mu mbeera y’okusannyalala kw’omusuwa omunene (aortic stenosis), nga kuno kwe kubeera nga vvaalu efunda, omutima gulina okukola ennyo okukuba omusaayi. Ekisenge ekikulu eky’okupampagira omutima, ekitundu kya kkono ekiyitibwa ventricle, kigonvuwa ne kikula . Tesobola kusiba musaayi bulungi. Ekiseera bwe kigenda kiyitawo, kino kiyinza okuvaako omutima okulemererwa. Enkola eno esobola okwanguyibwa singa wabaawo ebintu ebirala ebiyinza okuleeta akabi, gamba ng’okunywa sigala ne kolesterol omungi.
• Okukutuka kw’emisuwa gy’omusuwa n’okusalako emisuwa:Abantu nga omu ku buli basatu abalina bbulavu y’omusuwa ogw’ekika kya bicuspid aorta ayinza okuba n’omusuwa ogugaziwa oba ogugaziwa waggulu wa vvaalu. Omusuwa gw’omusaayi bwe gugenda gukula, ebisenge byagwo bikendeera amaanyi ne bikyusa ekifaananyi. Oluvannyuma kino kiyinza okuvaako okuzimba emisuwa gy’omusuwa, okubumbulukuka okulinga bbaatule mu bbugwe w’omusuwa. Singa omusuwa guno gufuuka munene nnyo, guyinza okukutuka oba okukutuka okuyita mu bbugwe (aortic dissection) . Zino mbeera za mangu eziteeka obulamu mu matigga .

Bicuspid Aortic Valve ezuulibwa etya?

Oluusi, omusawo asobola okuzuula embeera eno ng’akola ‘cardiac prenatal ultrasound’ ng’ali lubuto. Oluusi, ekisenge ky’omusuwa ekiyitibwa bicuspid aortic valve kizuulibwa mu kukebera okukolebwa ng’omwana afuna obubonero olw’embeera endala ey’omutima.

Kyokka abantu bangi bagenda emyaka nga tebamanyi nti balina embeera eno. Akabonero akasooka kayinza okuba nga kwemulugunya omutima , eddoboozi eritali lya bulijjo mu mutima omusawo wo ly’awulira ng’akozesa ekyuma ekiwuliriza. Olwo, omusawo wo ayinza okukola okukebera ebifaananyi okukebera ensengeka y’omutima n’enkola y’omutima.

Bikebere ki ebikolebwa okuzuula kino?

Omusawo ayinza okukebera omutima gwo n’akola ebigezo bino okulaba oba olina ekisumuluzo ky’omusuwa ekiyitibwa bicuspid aortic valve:

• Echocardiogram (Echocardiogram - echo) : Kino kikusobozesa okulaba ebifaananyi by’omutima ebiramu.
• CT scans (Computed Tomography scans) : Kino kikwata ebifaananyi by’omutima ebisalasala.
• `Heart MRI` (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) : Kino era kisobola okufuna ebifaananyi ebikwata ku mutima mu bujjuvu.

Era bayinza okukusindika okukeberebwa obuzaale .

Bicuspid Aortic Valve ejjanjabwa etya?

Eddagala nga beta-blockers ne diuretics liyinza okuyamba okufuga obubonero. Naye teziwonya mbeera eno ddala . Abantu nga bana ku buli bataano abalina obulwadde bwa Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease bajja kwetaaga okulongoosebwa okubujjanjaba. Omusawo akulongoosa ajja kuddaabiriza vvaalu yo ey'omusuwa oba okuyingiza vvaalu empya . Era bayinza okuddaabiriza ebizibu ebirala, gamba ng’okusannyalala kw’emisuwa, mu kulongoosebwa kwe kumu.

Omusawo ajja kwekenneenya embeera yo, akole ebigezo ebimu, era ateese naawe ku ngeri gy’oyinza okukozesaamu obujjanjabi. Obujjanjabi bw’ofuna bujja kusinziira ku mbeera ya aortic valve yo ne aorta yo. Era bajja kulowooza ku bulamu bw’omutima gwo okutwalira awamu, emyaka gyo, n’embeera endala ez’obujjanjabi.

Ekisinga obukulu kwe kulongoosebwa amangu ddala, ng’omutima tegunnafuna kwonooneka kwa lubeerera. Ne bw’oba ​​tolina bubonero, omusawo ayinza okwagala okujjanjaba ekizibu kino kati okutangira ebizibu ebijja mu maaso. Ekiseera ekisinga obulungi kya njawulo eri buli muntu. Ttiimu yo ey’abasawo ejja kuteesa naawe ku ngeri gy’oyinza okulondamu.

Tekinologiya omupya alongoosezza ebivaamu n’okukendeeza ku bizibu ebivaamu. Abantu bangi kati basobola okukozesa obukodyo obutayingira mu mubiri mu kifo ky’okulongoosa omutima ogw’ekinnansi .

Enjawulo wakati w’okulongoosa omusuwa gw’omusuwa ogw’ekinnansi n’okulongoosa okutali kwa maanyi nnyo

• Okulongoosa omusuwa gw’omusuwa ogw’ekinnansi (omutima oguggule): Kino kizingiramu okusalako yinsi 6-8 wakati mu kifuba, okumpi n’omugongo. Omusawo alongoosa agabanyaamu omugongo mu bibiri okusobola okutuuka butereevu ku mutima.
• Minimally invasive aortic valve surgery: Kino kizingiramu okukola akatundu akatono akalinga "J" obuwanvu bwa yinsi nga 2-4. Okusala kuno kuyinza okukolebwa waggulu ku ggumba ly’amabeere oba wakati w’embavu. Omusawo alongoosa teyeetaaga kuggulawo kifuba kyonna. Enkola eno ekendeeza ku kuvaamu omusaayi, esobozesa okusula amangu mu ddwaaliro, era eyinza okukendeeza ku budde bw’okuwona.

Okuddaabiriza Aortic Valve oba Okukyusa Aortic Valve?

• Okuddaabiriza Valiva y’omusuwa: Eno nkola eddaabiriza vvaalu yo nga togikyusizza. Kino kirungi nnyo eri abantu abalina aortic regurgitation (omusaayi ogukulukuta okuva mu valve). Wabula tesobola kujjanjaba bulwadde bwa aortic stenosis (okufunda kwa valve). Abasawo abalongoosa batera okukola enkola eno etali ya kuyingirira nnyo nga bayita mu kutema "J". Omusawo alongoosa akyusa obupapula bw’omusuwa gwo okubiyamba okugguka n’okuggalawo obulungi.

• Okukyusa Valiva y’omusuwa: Kino kizingiramu okuggyawo vvaalu yo etaddaabirizibwa n’ogikyusa n’ossaamu empya. Abasawo abalongoosa basobola okukyusa vvaalu yo oba nga bayita mu kulongoosa okw’ekinnansi okuggule oba nga bayita mu nkola etali ya kuyingirira nnyo eyitibwa Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) .

Valiva empya gy’ogenda okuteekebwamu eyinza okuba ‘biological valve’ oba ‘mechanical valve’ .

• `Valuva y'ebiramu`:Abasawo abalongoosa bakozesa vvaalu ey’ekika kino ebitundu 80%. Valiva eno ekolebwa mu bitundu by’omubiri ebiva mu mbizzi oba ente. Tekirina bulabe era kiwangaala. Wabula oluvannyuma lw’emyaka nga 10, oyinza okwetaaga okulongoosebwa omulundi omulala okukyusa vvaalu.
• Valiva ey’ebyuma: Valiva eno ey’ekikugu ewangaala nnyo era esobola okuwangaala obulamu bwo bwonna. Kyokka, okusobola okukola obulungi, ojja kwetaaga okumira eddagala erikendeeza omusaayi obulamu bwo bwonna .

Abantu bangi baagala nnyo ‘biological valve’ kubanga tebeetaaga kumira ddagala lya musaayi. Naye kisinziira ku myaka gyo, embeera endala ez’obujjanjabi, n’ebyo by’oyagala. Omusawo ajja kwogera naawe ku ngeri zino era akuyambe okusalawo ekisinga obulungi.

Enkola endala ey’okukyusa vvaalu ye nkola ya Ross (era emanyiddwa nga enkola ya switch) . Kino kizingiramu okutwala vvaalu yo ey’amawuggwe n’ogikyusa n’ossaamu vvaalu yo ey’omusuwa gw’omusaayi. Kino kiyinza okuba ekirungi bw’oba ​​tonnaweza myaka 50 era ng’oyagala okwewala okumira eddagala erikendeeza omusaayi okumala ebbanga.

Ebizibu ebiva mu bujjanjabi

Okutwalira awamu, akabi k’ebizibu ebiva mu kulongoosebwa kwa vvaalu katono. Kyokka, akabi akayinza okubaawo kayinza okuli:

• Yinfekisoni
• Okuvaamu omusaayi
• Okuzimba omusaayi
• Storoko
• Omutima okulwala
• Obutabeera bulungi mu kukuba kw'omutima `(Arrhythmia)` (okumala akaseera) .
• Okukendeera kw’enkola y’ekibumba (okumala akaseera) .

Kitwala bbanga ki okuwona obujjanjabi buno?

Okulongoosa Aortic Valve Replacement kuyinza okutwala emyezi nga ebiri oba esatu okuwona mu bujjuvu. Okulongoosa Aortic Valve Repair kuyinza okutwala omwezi nga gumu oba ebiri okuwona mu bujjuvu.

Valiva y’omusuwa gwa bicuspid aortic esobola okuziyizibwa?

Tewali ngeri yonna gy’oyinza kuziyiza bicuspid aortic valve. It is congenital , ekitegeeza nti ozaalibwa nayo. Kyokka osobola okukola enkyukakyuka mu bulamu bw’omuntu ekiyinza okukendeeza ku bulabe bw’okufuna endwadde endala ez’omutima, gamba ng’okuzimba emisuwa n’obulwadde bw’emisuwa. Bw’oba ​​olina ‘bicuspid aortic valve’, yogerako n’omusawo wo ku ngeri y’okuddukanyaamu ensonga z’okulwala omutima. Mu bino mulimu:

• Puleesa (Peesa) .
• Kolesterol omungi `(Hyperlipidemia)`
• Ekirwadde ekya sukaali
• Ensonga z’obulamu ng’ebintu ebikolebwa mu taaba n’okunywa omwenge

Bwemba nnina ‘bicuspid aortic valve’, kiki kye nsuubira?

Abantu nga 98% abalongoosebwa vvaalu babeera nga tebalina kye bakola ku bulamu bwabwe. Bw’oba ​​olina ‘bicuspid aortic valve’, osobola okuwangaala ng’omuntu atalina bulwadde buno.. Wabula ojja kwetaaga okugoberera buli kiseera n’okukeberebwa n’omusawo. Omusawo ajja kukebera vvaalu yo era akakasizza nti ofuna obujjanjabi nga kyetaagisa. Obujjanjabi bwetaagisa okuziyiza ebizibu.

Nze nneerabirira ntya?

Bw’okozesa ‘bicuspid aortic valve’, osobola okukola ebintu bingi by’oyagala. Ojja kwetaaga okukola enkyukakyuka mu bulamu bw’omuntu okuyamba okukuuma omutima gwo nga mulamu bulungi n’okukendeeza ku buzibu obuli ku mutima gwo. Mu bino mulimu:

• Okulya emmere eyamba omutima.
• Okukendeeza nnyo ku bungi bwa sodium (omunnyo) gw’olya.
• Okwewala okukola emirimu gy’omubiri ekisusse.

Ojja kwetaaga okugenda n’omusawo buli kiseera okukebera engeri omutima gy’okola. Bw’oba ​​olongooseddwa, ojja kuba n’okugoberera ku wiiki bbiri, emyezi esatu n’emyezi mukaaga. Oluvannyuma lw’ekyo, buli mwaka ojja kuba n’essaawa. Enteekateeka zino kikulu okukukuuma nga oli mulamu bulungi n’okukebera vvaalu zo okukwata ebizibu nga tebinnaba kufuuka bya maanyi.

Ddi lwe nsaanidde okweraliikirira ku bicuspid aortic valve?

Olina okweraliikirira bbulawuzi y’omusuwa gw’omusaayi (bicuspid aortic valve) bw’etandika okutaataaganya enkola y’omutima gwo. Obulwadde bwa bicuspid aortic valve buyinza okuvaako okusannyalala kw’omusuwa n’okuddamu okukulukuta. Ekiseera bwe kigenda kiyitawo, ebizibu bino bisobola okwonoona omutima ogw’olubeerera.

Ddi lwe nnina okulaba omusawo wange?

Omusawo ajja kukubuulira emirundi gy’olina okujja okukola appointment. Bw’oba ​​olongooseddwa, wajja kubaawo okugoberera okuwerako mu mwaka ogusooka n’oluvannyuma okumu buli mwaka oluvannyuma lw’ekyo.

Singa omuntu mu maka go alina obuzibu mu valve y’omutima, naye nga tozuuliddwa, omusawo ayinza okukusindika ew’omusawo w’omutima . Omusawo w’omutima asobola okukukebera endwadde z’omutima n’akuwa amagezi.

Ddi lwe nnina okugenda mu kitongole ekijjanjaba abalwadde ab’amangu (ETU) ?

Bw’oba ​​olina obubonero bw’okukutuka kw’emisuwa oba okusalako , kuba 911 (oba ennamba yo ey’amangu mu kitundu kyo) amangu ddala :

• Obulumi obw’amangu, obusongovu, obufumita mu kifuba oba mu mugongo
• Olususu luwulira nga lunyirira ate nga lutuuyana
• Okuziyira
• Okuziyira
• Okukuba kw’omutima
• Okuziyira n’okusiiyibwa
• Okukaluubirirwa okussa

Bibuuzo ki bye nnina okubuuza omusawo wange?

Singa ggwe oba omwana wo muzuuliddwa nti olina obulwadde bwa bicuspid aortic valve, yogerako n’omusawo wo ku mbeera y’omutima gwo n’okumanya oba weetaaga obujjanjabi. Ebimu ku bibuuzo by’olina okubuuza mulimu:

• Okulongoosa kyetaagisa?
• Osobola okuteesa ku nkyukakyuka mu bulamu obulungi eri omutima?
• Waliwo obubonero bwonna obulaga nti omusuwa guvaamu omusaayi oba okufunda?
• Enkola y’okuwona ejja kuba etya?
• Bubonero ki oba bizibu ki bye nnina okwegendereza awaka?
• Bikolwa ki ebiyinza okuba eby’akabi?
• Nnyinza ntya okukendeeza ku bulabe bw’omwana wange okufuna endwadde z’omutima mu biseera eby’omu maaso?
• Olina eby’obugagga ebiyinza okunnyamba okunnyonnyola omwana wange okuzuula kuno?

Okukola ku bicuspid aortic valve kiyinza okukuzitoowerera era kiyinza okuleeta ebibuuzo bingi. Jjukira nti abasawo n’abalongoosa bali wano okukuyamba oba omwana wo okusigala nga mulamu bulungi era nga mugumu. Bw’oba ​​ggwe oba omwana wo yaakazuulibwa ng’olina obulwadde buno, twala akaseera omanye ebisingawo ku mbeera eno. Yogerako n’omusawo wo ofune amawulire g’olina okuwulira obulungi mu kuddukanya embeera eno. Ekirala, jjukira nti balina tekinologiya akwata n’okujjanjaba ebizibu nga bukyali.

N’ekisembayo, ebintu by’olina okujjukira

Bicuspid aortic valve mbeera ya buzaale era esobola okuddukanyizibwa. Tosattira, naye beera mwegendereza.

Ekisinga obukulu kwe kugoberera amagezi amatuufu ag’abasawo, okwekebeza mu budde, n’okubeera n’obulamu obulungi. Toli wekka, waliwo abasawo abasobola okukuyamba. Tusuubira nti amawulire gano gakuyambye okufuna okutegeera obulungi embeera eno.

` Bicuspid heart valve, aortic valve, obulwadde bw’omutima, obulema bw’omutima obuzaaliranwa, okulongoosa omutima, okusannyalala kw’omusuwa, okuddamu okufuluma kw’omusuwa