I mitmengah eng thil nge thleng? I mit hmuhnaah harsatna i nei em? Optic Neuritis chungchang hi han sawi ila!

A chang chuan mit na i nei em? A nih loh leh i mit a fiah lo deuh niin i hria nghal em? Color pawh chiang takin i hmu thei lo mai thei? Heng thilte hi i tawng a nih chuan a chhan awm thei pakhat chu Optic Neuritis tih natna a ni thei. Lungngai suh, he thu hi i hriatthiam theih tur awlsam takin kan sawi dawn a ni.

Optic Neuritis hi eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin...

Ngaihtuah teh, kan mit leh kan thluak inkarah hian telephone wire ang chi thil a awm a. Hei hi optic nerve kan ti a . He nerve hian kan mit atanga kan thil hmuh chu kan thluak lamah a hruai a, "Aw, hei hi ka hmuh chu a ni," tih min hriatthiam tir thin. Tunah chuan, he optic nerve chhehvelah hian venhimna khuh a awm ta. Electric wire vel plastic sheath ang mai a ni. Doctor te chuan hei hi myelin sheath an ti a . Eng emaw chhan vanga he myelin sheath hi a chhiat emaw, a inflamed emaw a nih chuan chu telephone wire-a message te chu a kal tha lo va, mit atanga thluak lama signal kal chu a tawp ta a ni. Chu chu Optic Neuritis kan tih chu a ni. A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, hei hi mit lam natna (`(Neuropathy)`) a ni a, mit nerve-ah a awm a ni. Hei vang hian mit na leh mit tihdanglam ang chi thil a awm thin.

Optic Neuritis chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

Hei hi chi thum kan sawi thei ang: 1. Typical Optic Neuritis: Hei hian mit pakhat chauh a nghawng tlangpui. Mi thenkhat chu enkawl ngai lovin ni rei lo te chhungin an dam leh thin. Mahse, mithiamte chuan chhan dang avanga inenkawlna zawng a tha zawk an ti. 2. Atypical Optic Neuritis: Hetiang chi hian mit pahnih a nghawng thei. Tin, a dam theih nan hun rei tak a ngai bawk. Research atanga a lan dan chuan hei hi complex neurological disorder dang nen a inzawm tlat a ni. 3. Pediatric Optic Neuritis: A hmingin a sawi angin hei hi naupang tê têa lo awm ṭhin chi a ni. A chi dang pahnih hian inanna engemaw zat nei mah se, danglamna pawimawh tak tak a awm. Mahse thu lawmawm tak chu he chi hian dam theihna chance a nei sang zawk tlangpui.

Hetiang dinhmun hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?

Ni e, optic neuritis hi a awm fo thin. Entîr nân, United States-ah ringawt pawh hian kum tin he natna vei thar 100,000 zînga 5 vêl an awm tih an sawi a. Chuvangin, hei hi hriat chian a pawimawh hle.

Optic Neuritis natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

Hetiang dinhmunah hian symptoms lang chhuak zawng zawng deuhthaw hi i mit leh mit hmuhna nen a inzawm vek a ni. A tam zawkah chuan heng symptoms te hi mitmeng hnung lama ``Retrobulbar`` effects avanga lo awm a ni. Heng symptoms te hi eng nge ni tih i lo en ang u:

• Mit na : Optic neuritis vei zinga 90% vel chuan he natna hi an nei thin. He natna hi mit tihchet hian a na zual thei hle.Mahse, a hmaa kan sawi tawh ang khan atypical type-ah chuan a chang chuan natna nei lovin a bo thei.
• Vision Acuity Loss: Hei hian thil chiang tak leh chiang takin i hmu thei lo tihna a ni. Hei hi naupang tê, optic neuropathy neiah chuan a na zawk thei.
• Visual Field Defects emaw Vision Loss emaw : Hei hi i mit hmuhna zawng zawng atanga a then i hloh hun a ni . Thlalak lai tak i hmu thei lo ang mai a ni. Optic neuritis-ah chuan mit hmuh lohna hmun chu i mit hmuhna hmun lai takah a awm fo thin.
• Color blindness (Dyschromatopsia): Hei hian rawng thliar hran theihna a ti tlem a ni. A bik takin red thliar hran kawngah harsatna i nei thei.

Engvangin nge Optic Neuritis kan vei? A chhante chu engte nge ni?

Optic neuritis thlentu ber chu mit nerve tichhe thei inflammation a ni. He inflammation hi a chhan awm thei engemaw zat a awm.

1. Autoimmune leh Inflammatory Condition hrang hrang

Zirchiangtute chuan autoimmune conditions (kan taksa ngeia immune system-in kan cell-te a beih na hmun) hi a chhan lian ber niin an ring. Autoimmune condition inrawlh hi optic neuritis chi hrang hrang a zirin a danglam thei.

• Typical Optic Neuritis: Hei hi Multiple Sclerosis (MS) tih natna nen a inzawm fo thin. A chang chuan optic neuritis hi MS chhinchhiahna hmasa ber a ni thei bawk. Typical optic neuritis vei zinga 50% vel chuan kum 15 chhungin MS an vei dawn tih hmuhchhuah a ni.
• Atypical optic neuritis: Hei hi neuromyelitis optica (NMO) leh MOG-antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) tih te nen a inzawm a ni. A tirah chuan MS, NMO, MOGAD te hi natna inang nia ngaih a ni. Mahse, a hnuah NMO leh MOGAD hi antibody chi hrang hrang atanga lo chhuak a ni tih hmuhchhuah a ni.

2. Hri kai te

Kan nerve te hi infection hian a tichhe thei a ni. Optic nerve pawh a danglam bik lo. Infection hi optic neuritis thlentu lian tak a ni a, a bik takin naupang tê tête chu a ni. Natna thlen thei natna hrik chi li a awm a, chungte chu:

• Viral infection : Hengte hi mit lam natna (optic neuritis) thlentu a ni a, a bik takin naupan lai hian a awm fo thin. Entirnan:
• Chickenpox, herpes zoster natna thlentu a niVirus `(Varicella-zoster virus)` tih a ni
• Herpes simplex virus chi 1 leh 2 te a awm
• Cytomegalovirus `(Cytomegalovirus)` hmanga natna hrik pai a ni
• HIV hrik `(HIV)`
• Mosquito atanga kai theih virus te
• Naupan laia virus natna hrik, measles ang chi
• Bacterial infection : Hengte hi mihringah rannung emaw, rulhut emaw atanga kai theih a ni fo. Entirnan:
• Cat scratch fever a ni
• Lyme natna, rulhut atanga kai theih a ni
• Tuberculosis natna a ni
• Syphilis natna a ni
• Fungal infection : Hengte hian mit lam natna (optic neuritis) a thlen thei bawk. Entirnan:
• Cryptococcus neoformans `(Cryptococcus neoformans - natna hrik chi hrang hrang)`
• Candida chi hrang hrang (candidiasis) .
• A rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah em em bawk a. Histoplasma capsulatum `(Histoplasma capsulatum - histoplasmosis)`
• Aspergillus chi hrang hrang `(Aspergillus - aspergillosis)`
• Parasitic infection: Hengte hi ran vulh atanga kai theih a ni fo a, a bik takin ui leh ui atanga kai theih a ni. Entirnan:
• Toxoplasma gondii (toxoplasmosis) hi ui atanga lo chhuak a ni
• Ui atanga lo chhuak toxocara canis (Toxocara canis - toxocariasis) .

3. Ruihhlo leh Toxins

Damdawi leh damdawi dangte hian a chang chuan nerve a tichhe thei a ni. Entirnan:

• Hri kai damdawi: `(Ethambutol)`, `(Chloramphenicol)`, `(Isoniazid)` emaw Sulfa chi antibiotics` emaw a ni
• Lungphun lama harsatna nei damdawi: `(Amiodarone)`, `(Digoxin)`
• Malaria natna atana hman tur quinine chi damdawi: Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine
• Cancer dona damdawi: `(Methotrexate)`, `(Vincristine)`, `(Tamoxifen)` te a ni
• Zuk leh hmuam leh nicotine awmna thilte
• Zu emaw methanol emaw (a then chuan "thing zu" an ti) .

4. A chhan dang

Hei hi chhan dang engemaw zatin a nghawng thei a ni:

• Thisen pek tlem (Ischemia): Mit nerve-in thisen a hmuh tlem chuan a cell te chu a thawk tha lo thei a, a chhe thei bawk.
• Vitamin tlakchhamna: B vitamins tlakchhamna, a bik takin vitamin B12 tlakchhamna hian nerve a tichhe reng a, nasa takin a tichhe thei a ni.
• Nerve tihchhiatna: 1.1.Thil pakhatin mit nerve a press chuan chhiatna leh inflammation a awm thei. Hei hi tumor leh hydrocephalus ang chi natna vang a ni thei.
• Metabolic Conditions: Natna chi hrang hrang, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ang chi te. Zunthlum a zual zel chuan mit nerve tihchhiat theihna a sang chho zel a ni. Thisen sugar level a san chuan he risk hi a nasa zawk a ni.

A châng chuan optic neuritis hi a chhan hmuh lohvin a lo awm thei (idiopathic) .

Tute nge Optic Neuritis vei tam zawk? (Risk factor hrang hrang) 1.1.

Thil engemaw chuan he natna hi i vei theihna a tipung thei a ni. Eng nge an nih hi han thlir ila:

• Gender: Hmeichhia hian mipa aiin typical optic neuritis an nei tam zawk a, mipa erawh chuan atypical type an vei tam zawk thung.
• Kum: Typical type hi kum 20 leh 40 inkar ah a awm tlangpui a, atypical type hi kum 18 hnuai lam emaw kum 50 chunglam ah a awm tam zawk a, pediatric type hi naupang kum 10 hnuai lam ah a awm tlangpui.
• Hnam: Mihring var te hian mit lam natna (optic neuritis) an vei tam zawk. Hnam hian optic neuritis vei mi pakhatin MS a vei leh vei loh pawh a nghawng thei bawk. Research atanga a lan dan chuan Asian hnam chhuakte hian optic neuritis hnuah MS an vei tlem hle.
• I awmna hmun: I awmna hmun hian MS vei theihna a nghawng thei bawk. Equator atanga hla zawka awmte chu MS vei theihna chance a sang deuh hlek a ni. Mithiamte chuan hei hi ni chhuahna leh/ emaw vitamin D level vang a ni thei niin an ngai.
• Autoimmune natna dang neih: Autoimmune natna, lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, leh Behçet’s disease nei te chu optic neuritis vei theihna a sang hle.

Hei hian eng harsatna nge a thlen theih?

Complication ber chu mit hmuh lohna a ni. I mit lam doctor chuan i dinhmun a zirin harsatna dang awm thei te a hrilh thei che a ni.

Engtin nge doctor te hian Optic Neuritis hi an hriat theih? (Diagnosis) tih a ni.

Mit lam doctor chuan i symptoms te, i medical history te, leh optic neuritis thlen thei tur condition dang i neih leh neih loh te chu a enfiah ang a, chu chuan diagnosis a siam ang. Hemi kawngah hian mit enfiah hi a pawimawh hle. He exam-ah hian:

• Mitdelna (Visual Acuity) a ni
• Visual Field a ni
• Color hmuh theihna
• Zirlai Reflexes te
• Slit Lamp Exam a ni ang

Heng test te hi a tir lamah pawh tih theih a ni:

• Visual Evoked Thil awm thei te
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) hmanga enfiah a ni.

Heng test-te hian optic neuritis i nei thei tih a hriat chuan i mit doctor chuan specialist hnenah a refer ang che. Hei hi neurologist a ni thei a, mit lam doctor, retina leh optic nerve natna lama tui tak (neuro-ophthalmologist) pawh a ni thei.

Test tam zawk neih a ni

MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI Scan) hi mit lam natna (optic neuritis) hriat theihna atana test pawimawh tak a ni. He scan hian tui bik ``Contrast`` tih a hmang a, chu chuan tissue-a inthlak danglamna chu a ti langsar zawk a ni. Optic neuritis i neih chuan mit nerve hrisel aiin a nghawng chu a eng zawkin a lang ang. MRI hi a pawimawh a ni a chhan chu thluaka natna a hriat theih vang a ni . Hengte hi MS i vei leh vei loh hriat theihna tur key indicator a ni thei. MRI hian optic nerve leh/ emaw spinal cord-a chhiatna dang, NMO emaw MOGAD ang chi condition te pawh a hmuchhuak thei bawk. Lab test engemawzat pawh i doctor-in a rawt theih tur a awm bawk. Chungte chu hetiang hian tih a ni fo thin:

• Optic neuritis hi infection vang a ni thei.
• MRI-a chhiatna a lan chuan MS, NMO, MOGAD emaw a ni thei.
• I symptoms chu MS aiin NMO emaw MOGAD emaw nen a inmil zawk a nih chuan.

Laboratory test-ah hian thisen leh zun test a tel tlangpui. Hengte hian infection chhinchhiahna emaw autoimmune antibodies (a bik takin NMO emaw MOGAD emaw tilangtu antibodies) emaw an zawng thei a ni. Lumbar puncture emaw spinal tap emaw hian natna hrik emaw, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) a danglamna dang emaw a zawng thei bawk.

Optic Neuritis hi engtin nge enkawl a nih?

Enkawlna chi hnih a awm a, chungte chu: 1. Intravenous (IV) anti-inflammatory drugs (Steroids): Heng damdawi te hian inflammation tihziaawmna leh mit nerve chhiatna tihtlem nan a pui a ni. Hei hian natna tihziaawmna leh mit hmuhna a siam tha thei a ni. Enkawlna pangngai chu ni thum atanga ni nga chhung atan intravenous emaw oral steroids dose sang tak pek che hi a ni. Chumi hnuah chuan i doctor chuan hman chhunzawm zel turin oral steroids dose tlem a pe thei che a ni. (Damdawi hi a pek ang chiah chiah ei a pawimawh a, a chhan chu oral medication hi a tlahniam zauh zauh a ni.) 2. A chhan bulpui emaw, a thawhpuitu emaw enkawl dan: Heng enkawlna hi a inang lo. Entirnan, bacteria infection avanga antibiotics pek emaw, test-naah NMO emaw MOGAD ang chi autoimmune disease i nei tih a chiang a nih chuan plasma exchange (PLEX) hmangin immune system hnathawh tihtlem theih a ni.Enkawlna hrang hrang. Thil dang pawhin i enkawlna chu a nghawng thei bawk. I mit lam doctor emaw, healthcare provider dang emaw chu i duhthlan tur, side effects, complications leh i hriat tur chipchiar dangte sawipui tur tha ber a ni.

He Optic Neuritis an tih hi kan veng thei ang em?

Optic neuritis leh nerve chhiatna hi beisei loh vangin a thleng fo thin. I hlauhawmna tihtlem nan thil i tih theih a awm laiin, a chhan zawng zawng hi ven theih a ni lo. I tih theih tur step thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Zuk leh hmuam thil (vaping leh smokeless tobacco te pawh tel) hman loh emaw, hman loh emaw.
• Infection hi optic nerve-ah a darh hmain enkawl hmasa phawt ang che.
• Doctor-in damdawi a pek ang chiah kha hmang la, damdawi lam thurawn tel lovin damdawi ei kha titawp vek rawh.
• Vitamin tlakchhamna venna atan ei leh in hi dah pawimawh hmasa rawh.
• Zu in hian a hniam lam (moderate) la, methanol ang chi thil tha lo (toxic substances) te chu pumpelh rawh.
• Autoimmune emaw inflammatory condition awm tawhte chu control rawh.

Optic Neuritis i vei chuan eng nge i beisei theih ang?

I beisei theih tur chu optic neuritis i neih chi hrang hrang a zirin a inang lo ang. Natna leh mit hmuhna hloh hi a awm fo a, mit pakhat emaw, mit pahnih emaw a nghawng thei a ni. Optic neuritis hmuhchhuah hi thil harsa tak a ni thei a, chutiang a nih lai chuan i lungawi lo thei bawk. Nangmah chauh i ni lo tih hre reng ang che. I lungkhamnate chungchânga i doctor i biak hian, rinhlelhna emaw, fuihna emaw i mamawh tih a hre mai thei. I mit doctor emaw, healthcare provider dang emaw hnenah chutiang puihna i mamawh tih hrilh chu thil dik lo a ni ngai lo.

Optic Neuritis hi eng chen nge a awm?

Hei hi eng chen nge a daih tih chu a chi hrang hrang, i enkawlna leh chu enkawlna hlawhtlinnaah a innghat a ni.

• Typical optic neuritis hi hun rei lote chhunga harsatna awm thin a ni tlangpui. Ni engemaw zat chhungin (a nih loh leh kar engemaw zat chhungin) natna chu a reh a, enkawlna chuan a ti chak thei a ni. Mi tam zawk chuan a tâwpah chuan an fiah, an hrual, leh an rawng hmuh theihna an nei leh ta a ni. Kar hnih aia rei lo emaw, thla thum vel pawh a la ngai thei.
• Atypical optic neuritis hi a na zawk thei a, a nghawng pawh a rei thei hle a, a bik takin enkawl loh chuan a awm thei bawk. Mi thenkhat chuan kar ruk emaw a aia rei emaw chhung chu an mit hmuhna a lo let leh tawh lo mai thei a, a awm reng thei bawk. Chuvangin he natna hi hriat hmasak a, enkawlna zawn a pawimawh hle.

Hetiang dinhmun hi eng nge a thlir ang?

Optic neuritis vei theihna tur thlirna a inang lo a, a bik takin i neih chi hrang hrang a zirin:

• Optic neuritis tlangpui: 1.1.Mi 90% vel chuan thla 6 atanga thla 12 chhungin mit pangngai emaw, mit pangngai hnaih emaw an nei leh thin. Hun rei tak chhunga mit lama harsatna a awm thei a, mahse a awm lo. Vein kaltlanga inflammation tihziaawmna tur enkawlna hi a hmaa tan a nih chuan a hlawk tlangpui.
• Atypical optic neuritis: Hetiang chi hi a chhan bulpui a zirin a thlir dan a inang lo thei. A tlangpuiin enkawlna tihkhawtlai a nih avangin outlook a chhe zual thin.
• Pediatric Optic Neuritis: Naupang naupang zawkte optic neuritis awm theihna tur thlirna hi puitling aiin a tha zawk tlangpui. Naupangte hian optic neuritis vangin hun rei tak chhung nghawng an nei tlem hle. Mahse, puitling ang bawkin, optic neuritis hi MS vaukhânna chhinchhiahna hmasa ber a nih theihna a la awm tho. Naupan lai atanga optic neuritis a lo awm chuan kum 40 chhunga MS vei hmuhchhuah theihna chance chu 26% vel a ni.

Optic neuritis leh natna dang inzawmna a nih avangin i mit doctor chuan neurologist, rheumatologist emaw, a pahnih emaw hnenah a refer thei che a ni. Heng specialist te hian MS emaw a ang chi emaw chhinchhiahna an enfiah thei a ni. He monitoring hian heng dinhmunte hi a hmaa hriat theih nan a pui thei a ni. Hei hi a pawimawh a, a chhan chu heng natna te hi a kal zel dan tur control thei tur enkawlna a awm a ni.

Tunah hian Optic Neuritis ka vei a nih chuan, a nih loh leh tun hma pawhin ka nei tawh a nih chuan engtin nge ka in enkawl ang?

Optic neuritis i vei nia i rinhlelh chuan mit lam doctor i pan ngei ngei tur a ni. A natna chu a hmuchhuak thei a, enkawl tan nan hma a la hmasa thei bawk. Ani chuan neurologist, rheumatologist emaw, specialist dang emaw hnenah pawh a refer thei che a, chu chuan chu natna chu a enkawl thei ang. Diagnosis i hmuh thuai a, enkawl i tan chuan hlawhtlinna chance i nei sang zawk.

Engtikah nge ka doctor ka hmuh ang emaw, doctor thurawn ka lak ang?

I mit hmuh danah danglamna i hmuh chuan mit doctor pan fo ang che, a bik takin mit a tlahniam tih i hriat chuan mit doctor pan fo ang che. I mit a hloh nghal a, chu chu sawifiah thei tur diagnosis i neih loh chuan emergency medical care i mamawh nghal a ni. Mitdel nghal thei (migraine ang chi) i neih chuan i mit doctor emaw, healthcare provider dang emaw chuan emergency medical care i zawn hun tur a hrilh ang che. Optic neuritis i vei tih hriat a nih hnuah i mit doctor (leh healthcare provider dangte, refer i nih chuan) chuan follow-up visit neih fo turin a rawt ang che. Chutiang tlawhnaah chuan i dinhmun leh i natna lan chhuah dan an enfiah thei a, a tul chuan i enkawlna pawh an siamrem thei bawk.

Optic Neuritis hian MS a kawk fo em?

Ni lo, a thleng reng reng lo. Mahse, optic neuritis i neih chuanMultiple sclerosis vei theihna a sang hle.

A tawp berah chuan thil tlemte i hriat reng tur (Take-Home Message) .

Optic neuritis hi natna hrehawm tak leh nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni thei. Vanneihthlak takin tun hnai kum sawmhnih chhunga zirchianna nasa tak a neih avangin mit lam doctor leh healthcare provider dangte chuan he natna hi enkawl turin an inpeih tha hle a ni.

Optic neuritis symptoms i neih chuan mit lam doctor pan nghal tur a ni. Diagnosis i hmuh hma a, enkawl i tan chuan result tha tak i neih theihna chance a sang zawk.

I optic neuritis hi multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, MOG-antibody-related disease ang chi natna khirh tak nen a inzawm a nih chuan a hmaa hriatchhuah leh enkawl theihna tur a ni bawk. Heng natnate hi an kal zel dan tur control thei tur enkawlna a awm a, chu enkawlnate chuan nitin nun leh nakin lawka i hnathawhnaah a pui thei che a ni. Chuvangin, hlau suh, chak takin awm la, damdawi lam thurawn tul tak tak la rawh.