I taksa chakna siamna hmun – metabolism chungchang chauh kan sawi dawn em ni?

Kan taksa hian engtin nge kan ei leh in atang hian chakna a hmuh theih tih i ngaihtuah ngai em? Chu chu metabolism kan tih mai chu a ni. Kan taksa chhunga factory tlemte, non-stop ang mai a ni. He factory hian min nung reng a, kan thawk a, kan ngaihtuah a, kan tlan a, kan zuang a, kan damloh huna kan dam leh theih nan min pui bawk.

Metabolism hi eng nge ni tak tak?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, metabolism chu second tin i taksa cell chhunga chemical process zawng zawng zawng zawng zatve a ni. Heng thil kalphungte hian i ei leh in tur chu chaknaah a chantir a ni. He chakna hi i car tan gasoline ang a ni. Heng zawng zawng hi inthlau taka vawn reng hi homeostasis an ti a. Chu chu i taksa chhunga thil awm zawng zawng mumal tak leh dik taka kal theihna tura puitu natural control tihna a ni.

Metabolism chungchang kan sawi hian kan eitur atanga calorie engzat nge kan hal tih hi kan ngaihtuah fo thin. Hei hi i ``Metabolic Rate`` tih a ni. Thil pawimawh pathum a awm a, chungte chu:

• Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR): Hei hi engmah tih loh mai mai (mut ang chi) lai pawha i taksain a hnathawh bulpui (thâwk, heart rate) a vawng reng theih nan chakna a mamawh zat a ni.
• Thermic Effect of Food: Chaw kan ei hian a hmin theih nan leh a nutrients te hip lut turin chakna a mamawh a ni. Chuvang chuan ei leh in thermic effect an ti a ni.
• Taksa tihchakna atana hman chakna: I tlan, i zuang, i exercise leh i kal hian chakna i mamawh a ni.

Mahse, metabolism hi calorie hal mai mai a ni lo. Kan taksa pum hriselna tichhe thei system complex zawk a ni.

Chuti a nih chuan, he metabolism hian kan taksaah eng nge a tih?

I metabolism chu i taksain a thil tih zawng zawng a tih theihna tura chakna a hman dan a ni. He chakna hi kan ei leh in atanga lo chhuak a ni. I mut lai pawhin i metabolism hi a tawp ngai lo. A thawk chhunzawm zel a, i taksa chu a tlan tir zel a ni. Hengte hi han ngaihtuah teh:

• Thâwk chhuah
• Thisen kal dan (taksa chhung zawnga thisen kal tir) .
• Chaw ei dan (digestion) a ni
• Cell than leh siamthat (hei vang hian hliam a dam thin) .
• Hormone level enkawl dan
• Taksa lum leh vawt tihreh dan

Metabolism hrisel, nunna tichhe thei tur chuan cell-te hian an chawlh lai pawhin boruak danglam zel angin an insiamrem thei tur a ni. Hei hian hetiang dinhmun hi a huam a ni:

• Chaw ei hun chhung
• Chaw nghei hun (`Chaw nghei`) .
• Riltamna
• Taksa lam thila inhmang lai hian
• I damloh emaw, i lungngaih emaw, i hliam emaw a nih chuan
• Naupai lai leh nau hnute pek lai

Hei hian i metabolism hian "speed" inangah hna a thawk ngai lo tih a hrilh che a ni. Nitin hun hrang hrangah, chhan hrang hrang avangin i metabolism hian i taksa chu chakna tam zawk emaw, tlem zawk emaw hmang turin signal a pe thin.

Metabolism-ah hian process lian pahnih a awm a, a dik em?

Metabolism-a thil thleng tlem tal sawifiah tur chuan, thil kalphung lian tak pahnih a awm a, chungte chu catabolism leh anabolism .

Catabolism chu i ei tur macronutrients – chu chu carbohydrates, protein leh dietary fats te chu a awlsam ber angin a then darh thin a ni. Entirnan, i taksa hian carbohydrates te chu a ti chhe vek a, glucose a siam thin. He glucose hi thisenah sugar angin a chhuak thin. Taksa hian he glucose hi glycogen angin a dahkhawm bawk – a bik takin i taksa ruh leh thin (liver)-ah a dahkhawm thin. Heng macronutrients te hi i taksa chhunga cell tin mamawh “fuel” an ni.

Anabolism hi catabolism nen a inkalhin a awm a. I taksa hian unit tenau zawk (amino acid ang chi) a la a, a dah khawm a, structure lian zawk (protein ang chi) a siam a ni. Hliam i neih chuan i taksa chu a dam a ngai a ni. Chutih lai chuan anabolism hi a pawimawh hle. Ruh thanna leh taksa ruh siamna atan pawh a pawimawh hle.

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, catabolism chu thil lian tak tak tihchhiatna a ni. Anabolism chu thil tenau te dahkhawmin thil lian tak siam a ni. Heng pahnih hi rel kawng hnih ang an ni a; pakhat chu a dang tel lo chuan a thawk tha thei lo.

Metabolism leh kan taksa rihna inzawmna hi eng nge ni?

Mi tam tak chuan i taksa rihna tihpun emaw, i taksa rihna tihtlem emaw chhan ber chu i metabolism lama harsatna vang niin an ngai. Mahse a takah chuan i taksa mamawh ang zela i metabolism hi a pianphungah a insiamrem a ni. Metabolism hi taksa rihna sang leh tlahniam chhan awmchhun a ni lo. A tam zawkah chuan i taksain calorie i ei aia tam a hman chuan i thau a tlahniam tihna a ni. A kalh zawng a lo thleng a nih chuan i thau chho zel a ni. Mahse, i taksain calorie engzat nge a mamawh tih nghawngtu thil tam tak a awm a – chung zinga tam tak chu kan sawi lawk emaw, hriat chian emaw a harsa hle.

Metabolism "fast" leh "slow" tih hi eng nge ni?

"Fast" metabolism nei, emaw fast basal metabolic rate (`Fast BMR`) nei chuan a ding reng lai pawhin calorie a hal tam zawk thin. Metabolism "slow" i neih chuan, emaw `BMR` slow i neih chuan i taksa hian nitin hnathawhna tur atan calorie a mamawh tlem zawk a ni.Mahse, i metabolic rate chauh hian i taksa size a hril lo va, i taksa size hian i metabolic rate a hril lo.

Heng metabolic disorder te hi engte nge ni?

Metabolic disorder chu i taksain chakna a hman danah harsatna a awm chuan a awm reng a ni. Metabolism-a thil thleng chhiar sen loh zinga eng pawh hi a nghawng theih avangin heng natna chi hrang hrang hi a tam hle. I ngaihtuah angin heng natna lan chhuah dan hi a inang lo hle.

Metabolic problem awm thei thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Nutritional deficiencies: Entirnan, vitamin D tlakchhamna hian calcium absorption a ti tlem thei a, chu chuan ruh hriselna a tichhe thei a ni. Iron tlakchhamna hian thisen tlakchhamna a thlen thei.
• Calorie imbalance: Hun engemaw chen chhunga i taksa mamawh aia tlem i ei chuan i metabolism a slow thei. Chutiang bawkin calorie i ei tam lutuk chuan i thau a tipung thei bawk.
• Enzyme tlakchhamna emaw harsatna emaw: Phenylketonuria (PKU) ang chi inherited conditions hi taksain protein thenkhat tihchhiat nana enzyme mamawh a tlakchham vang a ni.
• Hormonal imbalances: Thyroid lama harsatna, hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) te hian metabolism a ti slow thei a, chu chuan hahdamna leh taksa rihna a tipung thei a ni. Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) hian a ti chak thei a, taksa rihna a ti tlahniam thei a ni.
• Damdawi, damdawi leh toxins te nghawng: Hun rei tak chhung damdawi corticosteroid ang chi hman hian taksa rihna a tipung thei a, insulin resistance a thlen thei bawk. Zu in tam lutuk hian liver metabolism a tibuai thei a ni.

Metabolic disorder hi chi hnih a awm a, chungte chu nakin lawka i neih theih (Acquired) leh i pianpui (Genetic) te an ni.

Acquired Metabolic Disorders te hi a awm thei lo

I dam chhung hian metabolic disorder thenkhat a lo awm thin. Heng natna tam tak hi endocrine system condition a ni a, hormone imbalances nena inzawm a ni. Organ tihchhiat vang te, natna vang te, autoimmune attack vang te pawh an ni thei. Mahse, a chhan dang pawh a awm bawk.

Chutiang natna entirnan thenkhat chu:

• Diabetes Mellitus (Hei hi metabolic disorder awm tam ber a ni) .
• Thyroid natna (e.g. hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism) te hi a awm thei lo.
• Underweight leh Obesity te
• Metabolic Syndrome natna a ni
• Insulin laka inven theihna
• Cushing-a natna (Syndrome) a ni

Inherited Metabolic Disorder te hi a awm thei lo

Inherited Metabolic Disorders, emaw Inborn Errors of Metabolism tih hi natna chi khat a ni a, i taksain nutrient emaw enzyme thenkhat a process dan a nghawng a ni. I DNA-a genetic variation (`Genetic Variant`) avanga lo awm an ni. Chûngte chu i nu leh pa dik tak pakhat emaw, pahnih emaw aṭangin i rochun a ni.

Hetiang natna hi za tam tak a awm a – tam tak chu a tlem hle. Entirna thenkhat chu:

• Glycogen dahkhawmna natna
• Hemochromatosis natna (Hemochromatosis) a awm thin
• Lysosomal Storage lama harsatna awm thei
• Maple Syrup zun natna
• Mitochondrial natna te
• Tay-Sachs natna a ni
• Wilson natna a ni

Metabolism hrisel tak kan neih theih nan eng nge kan tih theih ang?

I metabolism hriselna leh i metabolic rate hi a tam zawk chu i thunun theih loh a ni. Mahse, i metabolism leh hriselna zawng zawng tihchakna tura i tih theih tur thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Ei leh in inthlau tak ei chhunzawm zel ang che . Chaw ei hi skip suh. I metabolism hian chakna source nghet tak a neih chuan a thawk tha ber. Chaw ei loh emaw, calorie tlem ei emaw hian i metabolism a ti slow thei a ni.
• Chaw tha tak tak lam ngaihtuah rawh. Thei thar, thlai thar, protein tha lo, whole grains, leh thau hrisel te thlang rawh.
• Active takin awm rawh. Exercise, a bik takin strength training leh resistance exercise te hian taksa ruh a tichak a ni. Muscle hian thau aiin calorie a hal tam zawk a, i ding reng lai pawhin. Hei hian i metabolic rate a tisang thei a ni.
• Mut tam rawh. Metabolism hrisel tak neih nan chuan mut that hi a pawimawh hle. Mut tam loh hian i hormone a tibuai thei a, i taksain chakna a hman tangkai theihna a ti tlem thei bawk.
• Tui tam tak in thin ang che. Tui tlem in hian i taksa metabolic process te chu a thawk tha hle. Dehydration na lo tak pawh hian i metabolism a ti slow thei.
• Ei leh in nasa lutuk emaw, rei tak chaw nghei emaw loh tur.Calorie tihtlem lutuk emaw, chaw nghei chhunzawm zel emaw hmang hian i metabolism a tlahniam thei a, i taksain chakna a khawlkhawm tan thei bawk.

Engtin nge ka metabolism hi a hrisel em tih ka hriat theih ang?

Hei hi in lama kan enkawl harsa tak a ni. Doctor-te chuan medical test hmangin i metabolism (i taksa pum puia hna a thawh that dan) an enfiah thin. Hemi atana thisen test hman tlanglawn ber pahnih chu Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP) leh Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) te an ni. Heng test tin hian i thisena thil pawimawh engemaw zat a check thin. Hengte hian i taksa chemical balance leh metabolism chungchang thu pawimawh tak tak a pe a ni.

Doctor-te chuan puitlingte chu kum khatah vawi khat tal heng test zinga pakhat tal neih tir turin an rawt tlangpui. Risk factors, zunthlum, thisen sang, thau lutuk i neih chuan i doctor chuan heng test te hi tih fo turin a rawt thei che a ni. Tin, thisen test dang hrang hrang leh zun test te hian metabolism lama harsatna tam tak a teh thei bawk.

I metabolism chungchangah ngaihtuahna i neih chuan, emaw, sawifiah theih loha i taksa rihna sang emaw, hahna emaw ang chi natna danglam tak i neih chuan i doctor nen inbiakna neihpui ngei ang che. I hriselna hriatthiamna tha zawk leh tihchangtlunna tura pui turin test neih a rawt thei che a ni.

Kan hriat reng tur pawimawh ber (Take-Home Message) .

Chuvangin, metabolism hi kan taksaa thawkrim team ang mai a ni. An tel lo chuan kan thaw thei lo va, kan ngaihtuah thei lo va, kan nung thei lo bawk. Metabolism hi calorie kan hal zat atanga thlirin kan ngaihtuah fo thin a, mahse chu aia thuk zawk leh buaithlak zawk a ni. I hriselna zawng zawng atan a pawimawh hle.

I metabolism chungchanga zawhna emaw, ngaihtuahna emaw i neih chuan i chhungkaw doctor emaw midwife emaw biak pawh hlau suh. I tanpui turin an awm reng a ni. Hrethiam e? A pawimawh ber chu i taksa enkawl hi a ni.

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