BRCA test i nei tih i hria em? (BRCA Testing) Cancer hlauhawmna hriat hmasak dan tur!

Breast cancer, ovarian cancer ang chi thil chungchang sawi hian `BRCA` (BRCA) tih thumal hi i hre tawh ngei ang. I doctor pawhin a sawi tawh pawh a ni mai thei. He `BRCA` gene hi eng tak nge ni? Hetiang `(BRCA testing)` tih hian eng nge kan zir theih ang? Vawiin hian heng zawng zawng hi awlsam takin, in hriatthiam theih angin kan sawi dawn a ni. Thian nena inbiakna ang maiin.

BRCA hi eng nge ni? Engvangin nge kan tan a pawimawh?

A awlsam zawngin `BRCA1` leh `BRCA2` te hi kan taksaa gene bik pahnih an ni. Kan cell chhunga vengtu ang mai an ni. An hna ber chu kan `DNA` chhiatna siamthat leh hnute leh ovary ang hmuna cell te chu rang lutuk leh thunun theih loh tura tihtawp a ni. Heng genes te hi kan taksaa "brake" system tlemte, cancer cells lo awm tur titawptu angin han ngaihtuah teh. Chuvang chuan `(tumor suppressor genes)` kan ti a ni.

Mahse, a chang chuan heng `BRCA` gene pawimawh tak takte hian inthlak danglamna engemaw zat an nei thei a, a nih loh leh `mutations` . Chutah chuan buaina chu a intan ta a ni. Heng genes te hian hna an thawh that loh chuan ka sawi tawh cell te hi control theih lohvin an thang lian zawk thin. Tichuan , hnute cancer, ovarian cancer chauh ni lovin, cancer chi dang engemaw zat vei theihna a sang chho zel a ni.

Pawimawh tak chu heng `BRCA` gene mutations te hi thlah khat atanga thlah dangah a inthlak danglam zel a ni. Chumi awmzia chu he mutation hi i nu emaw i pa emaw hnen atangin i rochun thei tihna a ni. Chhungkaw ro hlu ang mai a ni. Heng `BRCA` mutations te hi i nei em tih hriat nan `(BRCA testing)` tih genetic test kan ti thin. Chumi atan chuan i thisen sample te tak te la in test a ni.

Tute nge BRCA test nei tur? Mi zawng zawngin kan mamawh em?

Dik tak chuan heng `BRCA` gene mutations te hi chutiang chuan a awm lo. Entirnan, American mipui 0.2% velin he natna hi an nei a ni. Chu chu percentage tlemte chauh a ni. Chuvangin Doctor tam zawk chuan he `BRCA` test hi mi zawng zawng ti turin an rawt lo. Mahse, risk factor engemaw zat i neih chuan i doctor chuan he test hi ti turin a fuih thei che a ni.

Tunah chuan chu risk factors te chu eng nge ni tih i lo en ang u:

• If you have had breast cancer , a bik takin kum 50 i tlin hmaa lo awm a nih chuan.
• I chhungte zinga i chhungte hnai tak (nu, pa, unau, fa) pakhatin `BRCA` mutation a vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih chuan.
• I chhungte zinga mi pakhat emaw, a aia tam emaw hnute cancer an vei tawh a nih chuan (a bik takin mipain hnute cancer an nei tawh a nih chuan chu pawh chu a pawimawh hle).
• Breast cancer leh ovarian cancer pahnih i neih chuan.
• Ashkenazi Juda hnam i nih chuan (he hnam mite hian BRCA mutations an nei tam zawk).
• Nangmah emaw, i chhungte zinga tu emaw hian cancer chi hrang hrang nei tawh i nih chuan.
• I chhungkuaa mi pakhatin cancer vei theihna tur genetic risk factor a neih chuan, entirnan, Cowden syndrome, Fanconi anemia, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, emaw Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.

Chûng thil pakhat emaw, a aia tam emaw chu i tân a hman theih chuan, doctor biak a, BRCA test neih tum chu a finthlâk ang.

BRCA test atang hian eng nge kan zir theih ang?

He fiahna hi i nei niin han ngaihtuah teh. `BRCA1` emaw `BRCA2` emaw genes ah mutation i nei tih a lantir chuan mi pangngai aiin hnute cancer vei theihna chance i nei sang zawk tihna a ni Zirna thenkhatah chuan `BRCA` mutation nei mi chu kum 80 a tlin chuan mi pangngai aiin a let ruk velin hnute cancer a vei tam zawk tih hmuhchhuah a ni. Tin, cancer hi kum naupang zawkah a lo awm tam zawk a, hnute pahnih a nghawng thei bawk .

Chu mai pawh ni lovin BRCA mutations hian cancer chi dang engemaw zat a thlen theihna a tipung thei a ni. A bulpui berte chu:

• Ovarian cancer leh a kaihhnawih cancer pahnih, fallopian tube cancer leh peritoneal cancer te a awm bawk.
• Prostate cancer - Hei hi mipa tan a pawimawh hle.
• ` (Pancreatic cancer)` (Pancreatic cancer) tih a ni.
• ` (Fanconi anemia)` (Fanconi anemia) - Hei hi cancer hmuh tur awm lo tak a ni a, naupan laia a awm tam ber.

Pawimawh: BRCA mutation neih hian cancer i vei ngei ang tihna a ni lo. Risk sang zawkah i awm tihna a ni. Chu chu hriatna chuan i hlauhawmna tihziaawmna tura hma la turin a pui thei che a ni.

BRCA test hma hian eng nge thleng?

BRCA test i neih hmain genetic counselor i hmuh hmasak phawt a ngai ang . Hei hi thil pawimawh tak a ni. He genetic counselor hian i chhungte atanga i rochun genes te hian cancer vei theihna tur a nghawng theih dan tur a hrilhfiah ang che. An hrilhfiah ang che:

• BRCA test result positive emaw negative emaw a nih chuan eng nge a awmzia?
• I test result hian engtin nge cancer hlauhawmna a nghawng?
• Engtin nge i result hian i chhungkaw member dangte risk a nghawng?

Heng zawng zawng hi hriatthiamna tha tak i neih hnuah chauh test hi lak a tha ber.

BRCA test i neih hian eng nge thleng?

A awlsam tak zet a ni. BRCA test hian i hnen atangin thisen tlemte chauh a mamawh a ni.Thisen test i neih lai emaw, thisen i pek lai ang chiah a ni. Doctor emaw nurse emaw chuan i kut vein pakhatah needle te tak te a thun a, thisen tlemte chu bottle te tak te ah a la lut thin.

Needle dah leh lakchhuah hian natna tlem i nei thei. Mahse hei hi minute nga aia rei lovah a bo vek ang. Thisen chhuak tlem a awm chuan plaster te tak te chu a hmunah hnawih theih a ni. A chang chuan he test hi saliva sample hmangin pawh tih theih a ni.

BRCA test hnuah eng nge thleng?

I doctor chuan i result hmuh theih nan eng chen nge a ngaih dawn tih a hrilh ang che. I result a lo chhuah hnuah i genetic counselor hmuh leh a pawimawh. Anni chuan result chu an hrilhfiah thei che a, i duhthlan turte pawh an hrilhfiah thei bawk.

BRCA test atanga result awm thei te chu engte nge ni?

Results chi thum a awm thei.

1. Results chu positive a nih chuan engtin nge ni ang?

BRCA mutation i neih chuan cancer vei theihna a sang hle tihna a ni. Mahse, lungngai suh. Cancer i vei ngei ang tihna a ni lo. Chu chu hriatna chuan cancer laka invenna kawngah hma tha tak tak i la thei a, a hmaa i hriatchhuah theih nan, a nih loh leh venna atan pawh a pui thei che a ni. I chhûngkuaa mi dangte pawhin an hlauhawmna an hriatthiam theih nân a ṭanpui thei bawk.

I chhungkaw member dangte chu test an neih leh neih loh tur ngaihtuah turin i doctor leh genetic counselor te nen inbia ang che. Tin, invenna tur i tih theih dan tur pawh an hrilh bawk ang che. Entir nan:

• Cancer screening neih tam zawk: Entirnan, mammogram neih tam zawk.
• Test dan dang: Breast MRI scan ang chi thil.
• Birth control pill thenkhat hman tihtlem: Birth control pill thenkhat chuan ovarian cancer hlauhawmna a tihziaawm theih laiin, mi thenkhatah chuan hnute cancer hlauhawmna a tipung thei a ni. Hemi chungchang hi i doctor nen in inbia tur a ni.
• Cancer dona damdawi hman: Entirnan, tamoxifen ang chi damdawi.
• Preventive surgery: Cancer a lo awm hmaa hnute hrisel tak tak lakchhuah (prophylactic mastectomy) emaw, ovary leh fallopian tube te lakchhuah (ovary leh fallopian tube te chu prophylactic hmanga lakchhuah) emaw a ni. Hengte hi thutlukna lian tak a nih avangin uluk taka ngaihtuah leh doctor nena sawiho hnua siam tur a ni.

2. A result chu negative a nih chuan engtin nge ni ang?

Negative result chuan `BRCA` mutation i nei lo tihna a ni. Tin, i fate hnenah `BRCA` mutation i pass dawn lo bawk. Mahse, `BRCA` test negative chuan cancer i vei ngai lovang tih a chiang lo. I risk chu mipui zahawm tak zinga mi pakhat nen a inang tihna a ni.

Mahse, i test a negative a, mahse i chhungte zinga mi pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw chuan kum 50 an tlin hmaa hnute cancer an nei tawh a nih chuan thil awmdan chu a buaithlak deuh a ni. Hei hian i chhungte hian cancer vei theihna tipungtu genetic mutation dang an nei tihna a ni thei. I genetic counselor chuan heng result te hi hrethiam turin a pui thei che a, test dang neih belh a ngai em tih pawh a rel thei bawk.

3. A rah chhuah chu a chiang lo a nih chuan engtin nge ni ang?

A châng chuan a rah chhuah chu "indeterminate" a ni thei bawk. Hei hian i BRCA1 emaw BRCA2 gene pakhatah inthlak danglamna i nei tihna a ni a, mahse chu inthlak danglamna chu hnute cancer vei theihna tipungtu mutation anga hriat a la ni lo. Hei hi "Variant of unknown significance" (VUS) an ti a ni. Chutiang a nih chuan i genetic counselor chuan a result chu a hrilhfiah ang che a, nangmah emaw, i chhungte zinga mi dangte emaw chuan genetic test neih belh an mamawh leh mamawh loh ngaihtuah turin a pui ang che.

BRCA test hian eng hlawkna nge a neih? Risk a awm em?

He test hian a thatna lian ber chu `BRCA` gene mutation i neih leh neih loh a hriattir che a ni. Hei hian i cancer hlauhawmna chu a hrethiam zawk a ni. Tin, he thu hian i chhungte chu an hrisêlna chungchânga thu tlûkna siam tûrin a ṭanpui thei bawk. Tunah chuan ``comprehensive genetic testing panels`` a awm tawh a, chu chuan ``BRCA1/BRCA2`` bakah gene dang engemawzat a test a ni. I genetic counselor chuan eng test nge i tan a tha ber tih a kaihruai thei che a ni.

Risk chungchang erawh chu he test hmang hian risk lian tham a awm lo. Thisen lak awlsam tak mai a ni mai.

Ka doctor/nurse hnenah eng nge ka zawh ang?

He test hi i ngaihtuah a nih chuan, emaw, i nei tawh a nih chuan, i doctor emaw, genetic counselor emaw hnenah heng zawhnate hi zawt la a tha ang:

• Ka chhungte zingah hian tu pawhin he `BRCA` test hi neih hi a tha em?
• Ka test a positive a nih chuan ka fate pawhin chu genetic mutation chu an nei dawn tihna em ni?
• Ka test result hian engtin nge hnute cancer screening te, cancer chi dang screening te pawh a nghawng ang?
• Ka test a positive a nih chuan cancer chi hrang hrang ka vei theihna tur tihtlem nan eng nge ka tih ang?
• Test chi ka tih hian genetic mutation dang a hmu thei em?

Heng zawhnate chhanna hriat hi i tan a pawimawh hle.

A tawp berah chuan thil hriat reng tur (Take-Home Message) .

`BRCA` test hi gene `BRCA1` leh `BRCA2`-a inthlak danglamna, a nih loh leh mutations awm dan pangngai lo enfiahna a ni. A result a positive chuan mi pangngai aiin hnute, ovarian leh cancer chi dang thenkhat vei theihna a sang zawk tihna a ni.

Mahse, a pawimawh ber chu BRCA gene mutation i nei tih hriat hian i hlauhawmna tihziaawmna tur leh cancer laka invenna kawngah hma i la thei a ni.Tin, he thu hi i chhungte tan pawh a pawimawh hle thei bawk. Chuvangin, he thu hi i doctor emaw, genetic counselor emaw nen inbiakna neih hlau suh la, he test hi i mamawh leh mamawh loh leh, a mamawh a nih chuan result kalpui dan tur hriatthiamna tha tak nei rawh.

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