Intraocular lens (IOL) chungchang hi kan hre tak tak em?

Cataract tih hi i hre tawh em? A nih loh leh glasses tel lova khawvel chiang taka hmuh theihna tur kawng i zawng a ni mai thei. I mit doctor chuan `Intraocular Lenses` emaw `IOLs` emaw chungchang a hrilh che a ni mai thei. Chuvangin, vawiin hian heng `IOL` te hi eng nge an nih, tute nge mamawh, eng chi nge awm, kan tana tha tur thlan dan, eng harsatna nge an thlen theih tih te chu awlsam tak leh hlim takin kan sawi dawn a ni.

IOL te hi eng nge ni? Engvangin nge kan tan an pawimawh?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, `IOL` emaw `Intraocular Lens` hi artificial lens chiang tak, i mit chhunga dah, i natural lens thlaktu a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, kan mit chhunga natural lens hi camera `lens` ang a ni. Hun kal zelah he lens hi a thim thei a, chu chu `cataract` kan tih chu a ni. Chutah chuan chu cloudy natural lens chu paih chhuak turin `IOL` an dah a, chu chuan mit chiang tak a pe leh ta a ni. I glasses emaw `contact lens` emaw hmanga i tih ang bawkin heng `IOL` lens hian mitdelna chi hrang hrang a siam tha thei a ni. Entir nan:

• Myopia (nearsightedness): Thil hnai tak atanga chiang taka hmuh, mahse hla tak atanga thil awm chu a fiah lo ang maia lang.
• Nearsightedness (Hyperopia or farsightedness): Thil hla tak tak hmuh fiah mah se, thil hnai tak tak hmuh, a bik takin lehkhabu emaw chanchinbu emaw en hian a fiah lo.
• Kan kum upat deuh deuh hian Presbyopia (nearsightedness): Mi tam tak chuan kum 40 kan tlin hnuah lehkhabu te te chhiar an harsat thin.
• Astigmatism: Hei hi mit pianzia inthlak danglamna avanga lo awm a ni a, hmun khatah êng a dah ai chuan a darh a, chu chuan mit a ti fiah lo

Heng `IOL` lens te hi mit ah hian a awm reng a , chu chu operation hnuah pawh dam chhung atan an awm reng tihna a ni. I mit hmuhna nasa takin an tichangtlung thei a, nitin hnathawhna atana glasses i innghahna pawh nasa takin an ti tlem thei bawk. Heng `IOL` lens te hi mitdel surgery neih laiin an dah tlangpui thin .

Heng IOL lens te hi tuin nge mamawh tak tak?

Heng natnate hi i neih chuan IOLs hi i hlawkpui thei ang:

• Mit (cataract) i neih a, chuvang chuan chiang taka i hmu thei lo a nih chuan: Dik tak chuan, mitdel surgery nei tam tak chuan an mit hmuhna tur IOL an mamawh ngei ang.
• Refractive error dang i nei a, mahse LASIK ang chi vision correction surgery dang atan chuan candidate tha tak i ni lo a nih chuan :A chang chuan mitmeng (cornea) dinhmun thenkhat avang hian `LASIK` tih theih a ni lo. Chutiang mite tan chuan `IOL` lens hi solution tha tak a ni thei.

IOL lens chi hrang hrang eng nge awm? A pakhat zel han thlir ila.

IOL hi chi hrang hrang a awm a. Type tin hian thatna leh that lohna an nei vek a. Lens chi thenkhat that lohna ber chu hna thenkhat (entir nan, lehkhabu chhiar) atan glass i la mamawh a ni. IOL chi dang hian glasses mamawhna a tihziaawm theih laiin, side effect a thlen thei a, zan lama lirthei khalh laiin headlight vel a eng (glare) te pawh a awm thei. A hnuaia tarlan te hi IOL chi hrang hrang a ni. I mit lam doctor nen inbia a, eng lens chi nge i tan a tha ber tih hriat a tha ber. I mit hmuhna mamawh, nunphung leh mimal duhzawngte nena inmil lens tha ber thlang turin a pui thei che a ni.

1. Monofocal lens hmanga siam a ni

Hei hi mi tam zawkin an thlan thin lens chi khat a ni. `Monofocal` lens hian focal power pakhat chauh a nei a . Chumi awmzia chu heng lens te hian i distance vision, intermediate distance vision (entir nan, computer i en laiin), emaw near vision emaw hmun thuma ṭhena hmun khat chauh a ti sharp tihna a ni. Mi tam tak chuan heng `Monofocal` lens te hi distance vision atana siam an nei thin. Hei hian lirthei khalh ang chi hna thawh nan a pui nasa hle. Mahse, chutiang a nih chuan near vision hna, lehkhabu chhiar emaw, chanchinbu en emaw atan glasses i hmang a ngai dawn a ni. Mi thenkhat tan chuan glasses-a an innghahna tihtlem duh tan chuan `Monofocal IOL` atana siam ` Monovision` lens hi duhthlan tur tha tak a ni thei. A tlangpuiin mit pahniha `Monofocal` lens vuah te hi distance inang (entir nan, distance vision atan) atan an siamrem thin. Mahse `Monovision` ah chuan mit pakhata lens chu power pakhat hmanga siam a ni a, mit danga lens chu power dang hmanga siam a ni . Entirnan, i mit dinglamah distance vision atana siam lens i nei thei a, i mit veilam ah near vision atana siam lens i nei thei bawk. `Monovision` ah chuan i mit pahnih hian thil hla tak leh hnai tak tak i hmuh theih nan an thawk ho thin. Mahse, hei hi a thiam theih nan hun engemaw chen a mamawh a ni. Mi thenkhat chuan `Monovision` hi an thiam lo thei lo mai thei. Chuvangin, `Monovision IOL` lens i thlan hmain i doctor chuan kar engemaw zat `Monovision contact lens` enchhin turin a ti mai thei che a ni. Tichuan he method hi i tan a nuam em tih i hmu thei ang.

2. Multifocal lens hmanga siam a ni

`Multifocal` lens hian i near leh far vision a ti tha thei a , glasses mamawhna pawh a ti tlem thei bawk. `Monofocal` lens ang lo takin `Multifocal` lens hian focal zone engemaw zat a nei a.Awle. I thluak hian heng zone-te hi a insiamrem a, hna eng pawh (e.g., lirthei khalh emaw, lehkhabu chhiar emaw) atana mamawh focal power chu a thlang thin. Heng lens te hi kan hman thiam theih nan hun engemaw chen a ngai thei. Mahse hun kal zelah chuan reading glasses-a i innghahna chu i ti tlem thei tur a ni. Mi thenkhat chuan glasses pawh an mamawh lo thei. `Multifocal` lens that lohna pakhat chu a chang chuan light chhehvelah `rings` emaw, bright rays (`halos`) emaw i hmu thei a, chu chu zan lama lirthei khalh lai ang chi hi a ni.

3. Extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) lens hmanga siam a ni

`Multifocal` lens ang lo takin `EDOF` lens hian focal point sei tak pakhat a nei a . Hei hian i corrected vision range leh `depth of focus` a tizau a ni. Heng lens te hian distance vision tha tak a pe che a , chubakah intermediate vision (computer hman ang chi hna atan) a ti tha bawk. Mahse, lehkhabu emaw, chanchinbu emaw chhiar ang chi hna hnaih taka hna thawh nân glass i la hmang a ngai mai thei.

4. Lens awm theihna tur

Heng lens te hi kan mit a natural lens ang chiah a ni. Chumi awmzia chu thil hnai tak emaw, hla tak emaw i en chuan heng lens te hian an insiamrem thei a, an pianzia pawh an thlak danglam thei tihna a ni . Hei hi glasses-a i innghahna tihziaawmna tur kawng tha dang a ni. Mahse, lehkhabu chhiar nan hun tam tak i hman emaw, hnai taka thil awmte `focus` a ngai a nih chuan glasses hman hi a nuam zawk mai thei.

5. Toric lens hmanga siam a ni

Toric lens hian astigmatism nei te chu a pui thin . Heng lens te hian i retina-a êng tlak dan a tichangtlung a, mit hmuhna fiah zawk, chiang zawk a pe che a ni. Toric lens hi Monofocal, Multifocal, EDOF emaw Accommodative style-a siam a ni. Mit hmuhna quality an ti tha zawk thin. Toric lens hian glare leh halos a tihziaawm bawk a, hei hi astigmatism vei tan chuan harsatna awm fo a ni.

6. Eng hmanga tihdanglam theih lens (LALs) .

Light-adjustable lens (LALs) hi IOL option dang nen a danglam a, a chhan chu i lens implant surgery hnuah , i mit doctor chuan heng lens te siamthatna chakna chu a fine-tune ang. Hei hi UV light treatment procedure hrang hrang hmanga tih a ni a, ni engemaw zat inkar a ni. Heng procedure te hian i lens prescription chu i hmuh duhna nen a hnaih thei ang berin a rawn hruai ang a, i tan bik a siam ang. Hei hi monofocal lens a la nih avangin lehkha chhiar emaw, lirthei khalh emaw atan glass i mamawh mai thei.

7. Phakic lens hmanga siam

Phakic lens hi thalai zingah dah a ni tlangpui a, chutih rualin an natural human lens humhalh tum a ni.. A bik takin laser refractive surgery nei thei lote tan hnaih taka mit hmuhna siamthat nan an hmang thin. Hei hian i natural ability to focus leh accommodate chu a humhim thei a ni. Heng lens te hian thalai te chu hun rei tak chhung mit fim tak a pe thei a, nakin lawkah mitdel surgery atan lakchhuah a ngai a nih pawhin.

Engtin nge ka tan IOL lens dik tak ka thlan theih ang?

I mit doctor chuan cataract surgery i hlawkpui dawn em tih emaw, refractive lens exchange surgery i neih theih leh theih loh emaw chu a rel ang. I duhthlan tur a hrilhfiah ang che a, i tan IOL tha ber thlang turin a pui ang che. I mit leh mit hriselna enfiah turin mit enfiahna kimchang a nei bawk ang. I mit lian leh te tehna atan test awlsam tak, natna nei lo engemaw zat a ti bawk ang.

I mit doctor i biak hmain i IOL lens atang hian eng thil nge i ngaih pawimawh ber tih ngaihtuah hmasa phawt la, eng thil nge i tana pawimawh lutuk lo tih ngaihtuah hmasa phawt ang che.

Hêng zawhnate hi inzawt chu a ṭangkai thei ang:

• A chang chuan glasses vuah hi ka tan chuan harsatna a ni em? Chutiang a nih chuan, eng chen nge a nih a, eng thil atan nge? (e.g. zanah chauh? lehkhabu chhiar lai chauh?)
• Ka hna/profession hian eng ang vision nge a mamawh? He hna thawk tur hian glasses vuah kawngah harsatna ka nei em? (Computer hmanga hun rei tak i thawh chuan han ngaihtuah teh.)
• Zanah ka khalh fo em? Chutiang a nih chuan, ka lirthei khalh laiin light chhehvela glare leh halo hmuh hi ka thiam thei ang em?
• Eng hobby leh activity nge ka hlim ber? Eng chen nge heng hnathawhna atan hian glasses hi ka rinchhan duh? (Entirnan, puan siam i duh chuan near vision hi a pawimawh hle.)
• Surgery atan hian engzat nge ka budget?

Insurance plan tam zawk chuan `Monofocal` lens an cover laiin, chi dang atan chuan i pocket atanga i pek a ngai mai thei. Chuvangin, thutlukna hnuhnung ber i siam hmain `IOL` option hrang hrangte man dik tak chu zawng chhuak hmasa phawt ang che.

IOL dah chhung hian eng harsatna leh harsatna nge thleng thei?

IOL complication tam zawk hi a tlem hle , mahse hriat reng a tha. Tlemte chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Posterior capsular opacification: Hei hi secondary cataract an ti tlangpui.Hei hi implanted lens hnung lama material layer a lo awm hian, operation hnu thla emaw kum emaw hnuah a ni. Hei hi operation hnua thil awm dan pangngai a ni a, hun kal zelah mi zawng zawngin an beisei theih thil a ni. Hei hi enkawl hi a rang hle a, a awlsam hle a, office-ah ``laser'' hmanga tih a ni tlangpui.
• IOL dislocation : Hei hi i IOL chu a awmna pangngai atanga a chhuah chuan a ni. Mit natna thenkhat , pseudoexfoliation syndrome ang chi, emaw, mit hliam emaw, mit surgery i neih tawh emaw chuan i hlauhawm zawk a ni. Genetic condition thenkhat, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome leh Marfan syndrome te pawhin i risk a tipung thei bawk. Thil engemaw takah chuan IOL siam thar emaw, thlak emaw turin operation a ngai thei bawk.
• Uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema (UGH) syndrome: UGH syndrome hi IOL hian i iris leh i mit hmun dang a tiharh hian a awm thin. Hei hian chhungril lamah a hring thei a, mit chhunga pressure a tisang thei a, thil dang pawh a lantir thei bawk. IOL dislocation ang bawkin IOL siamthat emaw, a thar dah emaw nan operation neih a ngai mai thei. Hei hi complication awm lo tak a ni a, mi tam zawkin routine surgery an neih laiin an tawn ngai lo.
• IOL opacification: Hei hi i IOL lens a cloudy lai a ni. I mit hmuh chu a fiah lo thei a, êng vêlah pawh êng (glare) i hmu thei bawk. Enkawlna chu IOL thar dahna tur surgery a ni a, hei hi tunlai IOL-ah chuan a awm lo hle.
• Beisei loh taka mit a inthlak danglam (`Refractive surprise`): `Refractive surprise` chu `IOL` dah hnua nang leh i mit doctor-in an beisei angin i mit a fiah lo tihna a ni. I mit doctor chuan solution engemaw zat a rawn rawt ang che. I vision chu a awm ang angin i pawm thei a, chu aia tam chu i ti thei lo. A nih loh leh glasses i bun thei a, `LASIK` emaw `PRK` ang chi `laser` vision correction surgery i nei thei a, `IOL` lens exchange surgery i nei thei bawk.

IOL dah tura i rilru i siam hmain i mit doctor nen harsatna awm thei leh i risk level chungchang sawipui hmasa phawt ang che. I damdawi lam chanchin, mit hriselna leh thil dang a zirin i beisei tur a hrilh ang che. Tin, mitdel surgery emaw intraocular lens replacement surgery emaw avanga side effect awm fo te zawt bawk ang che. I tana thutlukna dik siam turin i mamawh zawng zawng i neih a pawimawh.

A tawp berah chuan thil hriat reng tur

Intraocular lens (IOLs) hi technology ropui tak a ni tak zet a, mi tam takin khawvel hi a hma aia chiang zawkin a hmu thei a ni. Technology a lo thang chho zel a, IOL hian hlawkna tam zawk a pe a, a chhiatna a tlem zawk bawk. IOL i thlan dawnin i thil ngaih pawimawh ber (i tana pawimawh ber features) list siam chu a \angkai thei ang. Tin, thil "neih nuam tak, mahse pawimawh lo" te pawh ziak bawk ang che. He thu hi mit doctor hnenah hrilh rawh. Tichuan, in thawhhona chuan thu tlûkna ṭha ber chu in siam thei ang. Hengte hi i mit, i hmuh theihna a ni tih hre reng ang che. Chuvangin i tana tha ber tur thlan chu i dikna a ni.

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` IOL, Mit chhunga lens, Mitdel, Mit siamthat, Mit Surgery, Monofocal, Multifocal, Toric