I taksa cell te hian an intihlum em? Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) chungchang hi han sawi ila!

I chau leh chak lo tih i inhriat reng em? Tlemte i kal emaw, stairs i chhoh emaw hian i lu a buai em? A tam zawkah chuan hei hi "anemia" emaw "anemia" emaw kan ti thin. A dik a ni. Mahse, nangmah ngeiin i taksa invenna system, chu chu immune system hian nangmah ngeiin i thisen sen (red blood cells) chu a rawn bei a, a tichhia mai thei tih i ngaihtuah ngai em? Vawiin hian natna hmuh tur awm lo tak, mi zawng zawng fimkhur a pawimawh em em kan sawi dawn a ni. Hei hi Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia , a tawi zawngin (AIHA) an ti a.

A awlsam zawngin, he AIHA hi eng nge ni?

Hei hi hrethiam tur chuan thisen tlakchhamna (anemia) tih hi eng nge a nih kan en hmasa phawt ang u. Anemia chu i taksaa thisen zam (red blood cells) oxygen phurtu a tlahniam tihna a ni. Heng red cells te hi kan ruhro (bone marrow) ah a lo piang chhuak thin a ni. A tlangpuiin thisen sen pakhat chu ni 120 vel a dam thin. Heng cell te hi a tlem chuan taksa peng hrang hrangte hian oxygen mamawh zat an dawng lo. Chuvang chuan chau leh chak loin kan inhria.

Tunah chuan AIHA-ah hian thil mak tak mai a thleng ta. Kan taksa natna laka humhimtu immune system , chuan a thisen sen hrisel tak takte chu "hmêlma" tiin a hre sual a ni. Ram sipaiin mahni mite an beih ang mai a ni. Chutianga immune system-in thisen sen (red blood cells) a tihchhiat tan chuan ruhro (bone marrow)-in a zui theih loh khawpin a bo ta a ni. A châng chuan thisen zam (red blood cell) dam rei zawng chu ni tlemte chauh a ni. Chu chu Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) kan tih chu a ni.

AIHA chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

AIHA hi chi hnih ah then a ni. Pakhat chu a chhanah a innghat a ni. A dang chu thisen sen (red blood cells) tihchhiat dan temperature atanga chhut a ni. Hengte hi eng nge ni tih i lo en ang u.

Hetiang natna lan chhuah dan hi engte nge ni?

AIHA natna lan chhuahna tam tak hi thisen tlakchhamna dang nen a inang a, mahse mi thenkhat chuan thisen zam (red blood cells) tihchhiatna a nasat tawk chuan chhinchhiahna engmah an nei lo mai thei.

A lan chhuah dan tlangpui:

• Chak lohna leh hahna: Hna tlemte thawh hnuah pawh chau lutuk tih hriat a ni.
• Pale skin: Vun, hmui leh nail te paleness.
• Tachycardia: I ding reng lai pawhin thinlung a na hle tih hriatna.
• Thâwk hahna: Hei hi i hah deuh laia thleng a ni.
• A rilru a na.
• Mit leh vun sen (Jaundice): Hei hi jaundice kan tih chu a ni.
• Dark urine: Zun rawng dum, cola ang chi.
• Feeling full: Hei hi spleen lian lutuk vang a ni.

Cold-type AIHA (CAD) vei te pawhin heng natna dangte hi an nei thei bawk:

• Kut leh ke a vawt fo thin.
• Kut leh ke chu khawsik a nih chuan blue/red a lo ni.
• Lu na.
• Hnung leh ke na.

AIHA awm chhante chu engte nge ni?

A tam zawkah chuan he natna hi a chhan chiang tak hmuh a harsa thin (Primary AIHA). Mahse, a chang chuan damdawi lam thil dang (Secondary AIHA) vang a ni thei.

• Autoimmune natna dang: Entirnan, lupus ang chi natna.
• Cancer chi hrang hrang: 1.1.A bik takin thisen kaihhnawih cancer, leukemia (Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia) leh lymphoma (Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma) te hi a ni.
• Infection: Bacterial infection *Mycoplasma pneumoniae* ang chi te.
• Virus: Epstein-Barr virus, HIV, leh hepatitis ang chi virus te.
• Damdawi thenkhat: Hei hi damdawi thenkhat penicillin leh methyldopa te avanga thil thleng angin a awm thei bawk.

A pawimawh ber chu AIHA hi natna hrik kai theih a ni lo tih hi a ni. Immune system lama harsatna a ni. Mahse, a thlen thei virus thenkhat (e.g. Epstein-Barr) chu mi pakhat atanga mi dangah a kai thei a ni.

Engtin nge diagnosis hi siam a nih?

Anemia symptoms i neih chuan i doctor pan nghal tur a ni . I natna lan chhuah dan leh damdawi i ei lai te a zawt ang che a, a enfiah ang che. A tul chuan hematologist hnenah a refer ang che.

Thisen test eng emaw zat chu natna hriat theihna atan tih a ni ber.

• Complete Blood Count (CBC): Hei hian red cell, white cell leh platelet awm zat a enfiah thin. Red cell count hniam hi thisen tlakchhamna chhinchhiahna a ni.
• Coombs’ Test: Hei hi AIHA tana test bik ber a ni. I taksain thisen sen (red blood cells) laka antibody a siam leh siam loh a enfiah thin.
• Peripheral Smear: Thisen sample chu microscope hmangin an enfiah a, red cell tihchhiatna chhinchhiahna an zawng a.
• Bilirubin Test: Thisen sen (red blood cells) a chhiat chuan thisenah thil pakhat bilirubin an tih level a sang chho zel a. Hei hian a rawng sen (yellow color) a siam chhan chu a ni.
• Reticulocyte Count: Hei hian ruhro atanga thisen sen puitling lo thar siam chhuah zat a teh a ni. Number sang tak chuan ruhro hian cell thar siamin a tihchhiat mekte thlak turin a thawkrim lutuk tihna a ni.

AIHA enkawl dan tur chu engte nge ni?

Enkawlna chu i natna lan chhuah nasat dan te, AIHA chi hrang hrang te, leh a chhan danah a innghat a ni. I symptoms a nasat loh chuan enkawl a ngai lo mai thei.

• Steroids: Steroid damdawi Prednisolone ang chi hi enkawlna line hmasa ber a ni. Chûngte chuan immune system hnathawh titawp a, thisen sen (red blood cells) a tihchhiat loh nan a titawp a ni.
• Immunosuppressant dang: Natna hian steroid a chhan loh chuan damdawi dang Rituximab te hman a ni.
• Splenectomy: A tam zawkah chuan thisen sen (red blood cells) tihchhiatna hi spleen-ah a thleng thin. Chuvangin damdawiin a thunun loh chuan doctor-te chuan surgery hmanga spleen lakchhuah an rel mai thei.
• Thisen pek: Thisen tlakchhamna a nasat chuan nunna chhanhim nan thisen pek a ngai mai thei.
• Khawsik laka invenna (Cold AIHA/CAD tan): Cold AIHA i neih chuan khawsik laka inven hi a pawimawh hle.
• Fridge atanga thil i lak chhuah dawnin gloves vuah thin ang che.
• Khua a vawt laiin i chhuak a nih chuan lukhum, scarf leh coat te ha la.
• AC tamna hmunah i kal dawn a nih chuan thawmhnaw lum deuh deuh ha la.

I doctor pawhin folic acid (Vitamin B9) supplement ei turin a rawt thei bawk a, he vitamin hi thisen sen siam chakna atan a mamawh a ni.

Hetiang dinhmun avang hian eng harsatna nge awm thei?

AIHA hi uluk taka enkawl a nih loh chuan harsatna engemaw zat a awm thei a ni.

• Thisen zam: Thisen zam hi thisen zam a lo awm thei a, a bik takin keah a lo awm thei. Chungte chu lung (Pulmonary Embolism)-ah an kal a nih chuan natna hlauhawm tak a ni.
• Kal chhiatna: AIHA thunun loh chuan kal a tichhe thei a ni.
• Lung natna: Hun rei tak chhunga thisen tlakchhamna (anemia) hian thinlung a thawkrim a, chu chuan thinlung a tichak lo thei a ni.

Heng thilte hi hlauh a ngai lo. A pawimawh ber chu Diagnosis dik tak neih a, doctor thupek leh enkawl dan dik taka zawm hi a ni. Tichuan heng harsatna tam tak hi i pumpelh thei ang.