Doctor-in nangmah emaw i fate emaw thisen lama natna Beta Thalassemia tih i neih thu a hrilh hian eng chi nge i neih tih chiang taka hriat a pawimawh. A chhan chu i natna chi hrang hrangin a lan chhuah dan leh i enkawl dan tur a hril dawn a ni. He hming i hriat hian i hlau deuh mai thei. Mahse, lungngai suh, chiang tak leh awlsam takin engkim kan sawifiah vek ang.
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, beta thalassemia chu eng nge ni?
Beta thalassemia hi genetic natna a ni a, kan thisen a nghawng nasa hle. Awle, tunah chuan taksa chhungah hetiang thil hi engtin nge a lo awm tih i lo en ang u.
Kan thisena thisen sen chhungah hian protein bik hemoglobin tih a awm a . Hei hi lung atanga oxygen la chhuakin taksa pum puia cell-ah a sem darhtu lirthei a ni. Oxygen delivery service ang mai a ni. Beta thalassemia veiah chuan he hemoglobin protein hi a mamawh angin a siam chhuak lo. Hei hi a chhan chu hemoglobin siam chhuahna (HBB gene) nena inzawm gene pakhat inthlak danglamna, a nih loh leh mutation vang a ni.
Hemoglobin a tlahniam chuan taksa cell-te hian oxygen mamawh zat an dawng lo. Hei vang hian symptom hrang hrang a lo lang thin. He natna hi chi thum a awm a. A hranin han thlir ila.
1. Thisen pek atanga innghat Beta Thalassemia
Hei hi Thalassemia Major an ti bawk . Hei hi thalassemia natna khirh ber a ni. Hetiang dinhmun hi naupangin nu leh pa pahnih atanga natna thlentu gene mutated copy pahnih a rochun chauhvin a awm thin.
Naupang hetiang natna nei hi kum hnih a tlin hmain hmuhchhuah a ni tlangpui .
Nu leh pa kan nih angin, i fa tê têin natna khirh tak a nei tih thuthang chu tuar harsa tak a ni thei tih kan hria. Hriatthiam lohna leh lungkhamna neia inhriat hi thil pangngai a ni. Hetih lai hian nangmah chauhin awm suh. Hemi chungchang hi i chhungte leh i thiante nen sawiho rawh. An thlawpna hi chakna nasa tak a ni ang. Tin, i rilru a buai a, i lungkham a nih chuan i doctor hnenah mental health counselor hnena refer turin hrilh bawk ang che. Zahpui tur a ni lo va, i fa tan chak taka awm reng a pawimawh.
Hetiang dinhmunah hian eng symptoms nge hmuh theih?
- Anemia na tak: Hemoglobin a hniam em avangin naupang chu a chau hle a, a chau reng bawk. An hring dup mai thei.
- Stunted growth: Naute hi naupang dang nena khaikhin chuan a thang chak lo hle.
- Spleen leh liver lian tham tak: 1.1.Thisen sen chhia tam tak chu spleen leh liver-ah a awm khawm chuan, heng taksa pengte hi hun kal zelah zawi zawiin an lo lian chho zel a ni.
- Ruh chak lohna: Ruhro hian thisen sen tam zawk a siam a ngaih avangin ruhro chu a hring thei a, ruh chu a hring thei a, a chhe thei bawk.
- Puberty tlai: Kum upat deuh deuh hian hormone hnathawh a nghawng avangin puitlin hun a tlai thei.
- Puitlingah chuan zunthlum leh thisen zam vei theihna a sang thei bawk.
Enkawl dan tur
He thisen tlakchhamna nasa tak hi thunun tur chuan thisen pek fo hi a pawimawh hle. Mahse, thisen i pek chhunzawm chuan taksaa iron awm zat chu a tul lovah a pung thei a ni. He extra iron hian liver, heart leh endocrine system a tichhe thei a ni.
Chumi ven nan chuan Iron Chelation Therapy an tih damdawi hman a ni. A awlsam zawngin, hei hian taksaa thir tam lutuk lo awm tawh chu a paih chhuak a ni. Hemi atan hian damdawi pek tur a awm.
2. Thisen pek loh atanga innghat Beta Thalassemia
Hei hi Thalassemia Intermedia an ti bawk . Hei hi a hmaa kan sawi tawh Thalassemia Major ang kha a na lo hle.
A tlangpuiin, he natna vei hian doctor a pan thin a, chu chu harsatna a neih vang a ni a, chu chu hah reng, vun sen (jaundice), emaw, a thanlen loh vang te a ni.
Hetiang dinhmunah hian symptoms hmuh theih a awm
- A rilru a buai em em a.
- Puberty hun sawn hlat.
- Ruh chak lo leh awlsam taka a chhe thei.
- Anemia avanga hahna.
Hetiang natna lan chhuah dan hi a nasat loh avângin, thisen pek fo a ngai lo fo . I dam chhung zawng thisen pek a ngai lo mai thei. Mahse chu chu i doctor-in a rel tur a ni.
3. Beta Thalassemia tenau lo awm thei
Hei hi "Thalassemia Trait" an ti bawk. Kan ramah hian mi tam tak chuan he natna hi "Thalassemia carrier nih" an ti.
Hei hi thalassemia natna vei ber a ni . Hetiang natna vei hian mild anemia tih loh chu symptom dang a nei lo thei . Mi tam tak chu he natna hi an nei tih pawh hre lovin kum tam tak an khawsa thin. A châng chuan thisen test a nih chuan natna dang a awm leh awm loh enfiah a nih pawhin a lo lang chhuak ṭhin.
Hetiang dinhmun hi a tlangpuiin i chau emaw, i chau emaw i hriat loh chuan enkawl mumal a ngai lo.
Mahse symptom i nei lo a nih pawhin Thalassemia Trait carrier i ni tih hriat a pawimawh . A bik takin nupui i neih dawn emaw, fa neih i tum emaw a nih chuan. A chhan chu i kawppui pawh hi Thalassemia Trait kengtu a nih chuan i fain Thalassemia Major, natna khirh tak a vei theihna chance chu mi 4 zinga 1 (25%) a awm a ni. Chuvang chuan hemi chungchang hi doctor nen inbia a, test neih a pawimawh hle.
| Thalassemia chi khat a ni | Seriousness a ni | Symptoms leh enkawlna bulpui ber |
|---|---|---|
| Thalassemia natna lian tak a ni | A serious hle mai | Thisen tlakchhamna nasa tak, than chak lohna. Thisen pek fo leh iron chelation therapy hi a pawimawh hle. |
| Thalassemia inkara awm | Moderate takin a serious hle | Thisen tlakchhamna (moderate anemia), hahna. Vawi tam tak chu thisen pek fo a ngai lo. |
| Thalassemia natna tenau (Minor/Trait) 1.1. | Serious lo (carrier dinhmun) 1.1. | Vawi tam tak chu symptoms a awm lo. Enkawl a ngai lo. Mahse chhungkaw ruahmannaah hian awareness hi a pawimawh hle. |
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Beta thalassemia hi thlahtute atanga lo piang a ni a, hemoglobin siamchhuahna a ti tlem a ni.
- Hei hi chi thum a awm a, chungte chu major (severe), intermedia (moderate), leh minor (mild/moderate) te an ni.
- Thalassemia major hi thisen pek fo a ngai a, iron-removal therapy a ngai bawk.
- Thalassemia minor (a carrier) i neih chuan symptoms i nei lo mai thei. Mahse, i kawppui pawh hi carrier a ni em tih hriat hi naute hrisel i beisei a nih chuan a pawimawh hle.
- Thalassemia i neih chi hrang hrang, a enkawl dan leh zawhna i neih apiang chu i doctor nen inhawng taka sawi dun chu zak lo la, hlau suh.
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