Natna hmuh tur awm lo, C3G (Complement 3 Glomerulopathy) an tih, kal (kidney) tichhe thei chungchang kan sawi dawn em ni?

I zun-ah thisen i nei \hin em, i keah a hring chhuak \hin em? A nih loh leh i chau reng reng em? Hengte hi a chang chuan i kal (kidney) lama harsatna vang pawh a ni thei. Vawiin hian natna hlauhawm tak, mahse pawimawh tak, kal (kidney) tichhe thei chungchang kan sawi dawn a ni. Chu chu C3G (C Three G) emaw ``Complement 3 Glomerulopathy`` emaw a ni.

C3G (Complement 3 Glomerulopathy) tih hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, C3G hi natna chi khat a ni a, i kal (kidney) hnathawh that dan a nghawng a ni. I hria em, kal (kidney) hi kan taksa chhunga filter pahnih ang mai a ni. An hna ber chu thisen filter te, bawlhhlawh tul lo leh tui tam lutuk paih te, zun siam te hi a ni.

"Complement 3" hi kan thisena protein bik a ni. Kan taksaa natna dotu immune system tan a pawimawh hle. "Glomerulopathy" tih hi glomeruli tihchhiatna a ni a, chu chu kal chhunga thisen kalna kawng te tak te, mesh te tak te ang maia awm a ni. Heng glomeruli te hi thisen filter tu an ni.

Tichuan C3G hi natna a ni a, `complement 3` protein a inrawlh a, `glomeruli` a tichhia a, kal hnathawh a tichhe bawk. Tun hma, chu chu kum 2013 hma lam khan doctor-te chuan hei hi ``Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) type I, II emaw III`` emaw ``Mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis`` emaw an ti thin. Mahse tunah chuan he natna pawl hi C3G an ti ta a ni.

C3G chi hrang hrang a awm em?

Ni e, C3G hi chi hnih lian tak a awm. Doctor-te chuan heng chi hnih hi an kal (kidney biopsy` kan ti) te tak te ( `kidney biopsy` kan ti) la a, microscope hmangin an en a, chu chu `glomeruli` tihchhiat leh inflammation atanga thlirin an hre thei a ni.

• Dense deposit disease (DDD): Tun hma chuan MPGN type II tia hriat a ni a, he dinhmun hi glomeruli basement membrane (GBM), glomeruli lining-ah dense, ribbon ang chi deposit siam a ni. Naupang leh puitling tleirawl kum 20 hnuai lam a nghawng tam ber.

• `C3 glomerulonephritis` (C3GN): Tun hma chuan `MPGN type I` emaw `III` emaw an ti thin. Hemiah hian DDD-a kan hmuh ang dense deposit te hi hmuh tur a awm lo. Hei hian kum 30 chunglam a nghawng tam ber.

C3G hi natna khirh tak a ni em?

Ni e, C3G hi natna khirh tak a ni. Chumi awmzia chu rang taka lo piang chhuak tur leh dam leh tur thil a ni lo tihna a ni a, hun kal zelah kal (kidney) chhiatna pawh a pung thei tihna a ni. Hemi chungchangah hian fimkhur a pawimawh hle a ni.

He C3G hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?

Hei hi a takah chuan natna hmuh tur awm lo tak a ni.Doctor-te chuan hetiang hi mi sang za khatah mi pahnih atanga pathum velah a thleng niin an chhut. Chuvângin, chu chu i hre tam lo mai thei. Mahse, a tlem hle nachungin, a hriat chian a pawimawh.

C3G natna lanchhuahna chu engte nge ni?

Tunah chuan he C3G natna lan chhuah dan hi eng nge ni tih i lo en ang u. Heng chi hnih hian thil inang engemaw zat an nei a, chungte chu hriat a pawimawh hle:

• Zun chhunga thisen ( hematuria ): A chang chuan zun hi a sen angin a lang thei a, a nih loh leh microscope hmanga hmuh theih tlemte chauh a ni thei bawk.
• Zun a protein tam lutuk (proteinuria): Hei hian zun chu foam angin a lantir thei.
• A tlangpui aia zun pass tlem (oliguria).
• Thisenah protein level a tlahniam (hypoalbuminemia).
• Swelling (edema): A bik takin kut, ke ruh leh keah te. Ngaihtuah teh, zing i harh a, i ke a hring tih i hriat chuan hetiang thil hi a ni thei.
• Thisen sang (hypertension).
• Infection lo awm leh thin.
• Chau lutuk (`Fatigue`): Chauhna mai ni lovin, eng ang pawhin mut pawh ni ila, hah lutuk anga inhriatna.
• Mi thenkhat chuan gout ang chi natna an nei thei bawk .

Heng symptom pahnih hian kidney failure a thlen thei a ni . Kidney failure hian symptoms a thlen thei bawk a, chungte chu:

• Chau reng reng.
• Nausea, luak chhuak.
• Mahni rilru siam harsa, beidawnna.
• Taksa a hring chhuak.
• A tlangpui aia zun tam zawk pass (hei hi a chang chuan kal (kidney failure) tan tirh lamah hmuh theih a ni).

Kidney bakah hian C3G hian symptom dang a thlen thei bawk. Chung zingah chuan:

• Mit lama harsatna: Protein leh calcium deposit (drusen) a awm khawm avangin mit a tichhe thei a, a bik takin macula-ah a awm a ni.
• Lipodystrophy: Hei hi taksa hmun thenkhat (a bik takin hmai leh ke ruh) a thau a tlakchhamna a ni.

Engvangin nge he C3G hi siam a nih?

Okay, tunah chuan he C3G hi engvangin nge a lo awm tih hi han en ila. Hei hi a buaithlak deuh a, mahse awlsam takin ka sawifiah ang. Hei hi kan taksaa ``complement system`` hian hna a thawk tha lo a nih chuan a thleng thin. He ``complement system`` hi kan thisena protein awmkhawm a ni. Hei hi kan immune system-a tel a ni. Hei hian pawn lam atanga lo chhuak bacteria leh virus ang chi thilte a do thei a ni.

C3G nei mi pakhat chunga thil thleng chu he `complement system` hi a activate lutuk a, a nih loh leh control theih loh a ni. Tichuan `complement 3 (C3)` protein chu a chhe ta a ni. Heng C3 protein fragment chhia te hi `glomeruli` ah an tang tlat thin. Tichuan `glomeruli` tan thisen filter leh zun siam a harsa ta hle. Enkawl loh chuan he chhiatna hi a chhunzawm zel thei a, kal (kidney failure) a thlen thei bawk.

A tam zawkah chuan he ``compliment system'' hi a kal chhan dik tak hi hriat chian a harsa thin. Mahse, a châng chuan:

• C3G hi kan genes (complement system nena inzawm genes, ``C3`` leh ``CFH`` ang chi) inthlak danglamna avang hian a lo awm thei a ni.
• Thisen natna ``Monoclonal gammopathy`` tih hian indirect takin kal a tichhia thei bawk a, ``complement`` system hnathawh a tibuai thei a, C3G a siam thei bawk. He ``monoclonal gammopathy`` hi kan ruhro chhunga plasma cells te tichhe thei natna a ni.
• Damdawi lam zirchiangtute chuan ``autoantibodies'' an tih thil pawh hian hmun a chang thei niin an ring. ``Autoantibodies'' hi kan taksa hriselna (immune system) atanga siam protein a ni a, chu chuan kan taksa hrisel tak takte chu a bei sual a ni. Mahse, heng ``autoantibodies'' te hi C3G thlentu an ni tih chiang taka sawi tur zirchianna a tling lo.

He C3G natna hian tute nge a tuar ber?

He C3G natna hi tu chungah pawh a lo awm thei. Hmeichhia leh mipa pawh a nghawng vek a ni. Diagnosis kum zat chu kum 23 vel a ni. Mahse, a hmaa kan sawi tawh `DDD` type hi `C3GN` type aiin kum naupang zawkah a lang thei.

C3G avanga harsatna awm thei te chu engte nge ni?

Complication lian ber leh hlauhawm ber chu C3G vei zinga 50% vel, a nih loh leh mi pahnih zinga pakhat chuan an hmuhchhuah atanga kum 10 chhungin kidney failure an nei ang. Hei hi kan zavaia hlauh ber tur chu a ni.

Engtin nge C3G natna hi hmuhchhuah a nih?

Doctor chuan i kal hriselna leh a hnathawh that dan enfiah nan test eng emaw zat a ti ang. Chûng zîngah chuan:

• Thisen test: I kut vein atanga thisen sample te tak te lak a ni a, lab chuan i complement proteins te chu a normal em tih emaw, i thisenah bawlhhlawh tam lutuk (e.g. creatinine) a awm em tih emaw an enfiah thin.
• `Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR): Hei hi i kal (kidney)-in i thisen a filter that dan tehna a ni a, thisen sample-a `serum creatinine` emaw `cystatin C` emaw awm zat atanga tehna a ni. Hei hian i kal (kidney) hnathawh that dan tur ngaihtuahna tha tak a pe thei che a ni.
• Urinalysis: Cup bik ah i zun a ngai ang a, sample chu doctor hnenah i pe ang. Lab-ah hian zun chhunga protein emaw thisen emaw a awm leh awm loh a enfiah ang a, hei hi microscope hmang chauha hmuh theih a ni.
• Kidney biopsy: Hei hi a niC3G natna hi chiang taka hriat theihna kawng tha ber chu biopsy hmanga hriat theih a ni. Hei hian doctor chuan i kal atanga tissue te tak te chu needle tha tak emaw, incision te tak te hmangin a la a, lab-ah a test thin. He sample hian i glomeruli-ah C3 protein chhia chi hrang hrang a awm a nih chuan C3G natna a ni thei. He biopsy hian eng chi C3G nge i neih (DDD emaw C3GN emaw) tih pawh a hrilh thei che a, chu chu chutiang solid deposit i neih leh neih loh a zirin a ni.

C3G hi a dam kim thei ang em?

Vanduaithlak takin tun dinhmunah C3G natna hi damdawi a la awm lo. Mahse lungngai suh u, doctor leh zirchiangtute chuan he natna hi an zirchiang chhunzawm zel a, enkawlna thar zawngin hma an la mek a ni. Nakinah chuan enkawlna tha zawk a lo thleng ngei kan beisei.

C3G hi eng enkawlna nge ni?

Tunah hian C3G hi U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-in a pawmpui enkawlna bik a la awm lo. Mahse, doctor-te chuan C3G natna zual zel tur tihtlem nan te, natna lan chhuah dan tur control nan te, kal chhiatna tihziaawmna turin enkawlna hrang hrang leh supportive care an pe thei a ni. Chung zingah chuan:

• Thisen sang damdawi: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor leh angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) ang chi damdawi te hian glomeruli chhunga pressure a ti tlem a. Hei hian zun chhunga protein awm zat a tihtlem bakah kal (kidney)-a strain a tihziaawm bawk.
• Cholesterol tihhniamna damdawi: I doctor chuan cholesterol tihhniam nan leh i kal chhiatna tihziaawm nan statin ang chi damdawi a pe thei ang.
• Dietary changes: Renal dietitian chuan i tana tha tur diet plan siam turin a pui ang che a, i taksa rihna hrisel tak i neih theih nan a pui ang che. Salt (sodium), saturated fat, leh cholesterol i ei tlem hian kal chhiatna a ti tlem thei a ni.
• Corticosteroids: "steroids" tia hriat bawk, ​​hengte hi anti-inflammatory drugs an ni a, immune system-in i glomeruli a beih loh nan a titawp thei a ni.
• Eculizumab: Hei hi monoclonal antibody drug a ni a, thisen lama harsatna awm lo enkawlna atana hman thin a ni. C3G vei thenkhatah chuan zun a protein a tihtlem bakah glomerular filtration rate a tihsan avangin kidney function tihchangtlunna kawngah a pui thei bawk.
• Dialysis: C3G vei zinga 50% velin kal (kidney failure) an nei nia sawi a ni. Dialysis chu kal (kidney) a chhiat chuan a ni a, kal (kidney)-in hna a thawh tur (thisen tihfai, bawlhhlawh paih, leh tui tam lutuk) chu machine hmanga tih a ni.
• Kidney transplant: Hei hi kidney failure enkawlna dang a ni. Surgeon chuan i kal chak lo chu a la chhuak a, chu chu donor atanga kal hrisel tak hmangin a thlak leh thin.

`DDD` emaw `C3GN` emaw i neih a, `monoclonal gammopathy` i neih bawk chuan i doctor chuan a hnuaia natna dang awm leh awm loh enfiah turin test dang neih belh a rawt ang.

C3G natna hi eng nge a nih?

C3G vei zinga a chanve vel chuan an natna an hmuhchhuah atanga kum 10 chhungin an kal (kidney failure) an nei thin. Tunah hian kal (kidney failure) hi damdawi a la awm lo. Mahse, dik taka hriatchhuah leh enkawl vat a nih chuan, inthlak danglamna lian tham awm lovin nun rei tak, hrisel takin i nung thei a ni. Chuvang chuan doctor thurawn chu lungngai lova zawm a pawimawh.

C3G natna hi ven theih a ni em?

Vanduaithlak takin tun dinhmunah chuan C3G natna hi kan thunun theih loh thil avanga lo awm fo a nih avangin ven theih dan tur a awm lo.

Engtin nge ka in enkawl ang?

C3G i neih chuan i doctor chuan i tan enkawlna tha ber a siamsak ang che. Hei hian damdawi ei te, ṭanpuitu enkawlna te, leh nunphung tihdanglam te a huam thei a ni. I enkawlna ruahmannaah hian a hnuaia mite hi a tel thei a, hengte hi uluk taka zawm a pawimawh:

• I damdawi chu i doctor-in a tih ang chiah chiah ei rawh. Ni khat pawh lo tlai tawh suh.
• I ei leh in thlak danglam, a bik takin chi, hriak leh sugar tihtlem te, thei leh thlai ei tam te.
• Damdawi lam thurawn tel lovin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (e.g., ibuprofen leh diclofenac ang chi painkillers) hman loh tur a ni a, hei hian kal a tichhe thei a, kal a ti chak lo thei bawk.
• I rilru hriselna enkawl. Chutiang natna hmuh tur awm lo tak i neih chuan nangmah chauhvin i awm thei a, i hlauthawng thei bawk. Tin, C3G hian kal (kidney failure) a thlen thei tih hriat hian depression i neih theihna a tipung bawk. I rilru hriselna chungchang doctor nen sawiho la, a tul chuan counselling leh enkawlna zawng rawh. C3G vei te tan support group chungchang i doctor zawt rawh. C3G vei midangte nena inhmuhna hian mahni chauhna tihziaawmna leh thil tawn insemna a pui thei a ni.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

C3G symptoms i neih chuan, a bik takin i zun a inthlak (thisen, foam, tlem), a hring, emaw, hah lutuk emaw i neih chuan doctor pan nghal rawh. Hengte hi i kal (kidney) a thawk tha lo tih chhinchhiahna a ni thei.

C3G i vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih chuan i doctor chuan kidney disease lama mithiam (nephrologist) hnenah a refer ang che. Treatment plan tha ber petu tur che chu amah hi a ni ang.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

Doctor i hmuh hunah hetiang zawhna hi zawt hreh suh:

• Engtin nge C3G ka nei tih chiang taka ka hriat theih ang?
• C3G ka neih loh chuan eng natna dang nge ka neih theih ang?
• Eng ang C3G nge ka neih (DDD emaw C3GN emaw)?
• Eng treatment nge ka tan i recommend? Side effect a awm em?
• Ka ei leh inah eng inthlak danglamna nge ka siam ang?
• Ka kal (kidney) te hi a fail dawn niin i hria em? Chutiang thil a thlen loh nan eng nge ka tih theih ang?
• Nephrologist ka hmu thei ang em?

A tawp berah chuan ka sawi tur chu...

C3G hi natna hmuh tur awm lo, buaithlak tak a ni a, kal chhunga filtering unit te tak te te a nghawng a ni. C3G i neih chuan i zun a inthlak danglam thei a, i hring thei a, i ruh a na thei a, i mit a buai thei a, i hah thei bawk.

He diagnosis hi i pawm a, C3G hian i nun a nghawng dan tur i insiamrem hian rilru natna chi hrang hrang i nei thei a ni. Ngaihtuah buai suh, nangmah chauh i ni lo. C3G chungchang leh i enkawl dan tur zir turin hun leh hmun pe rawh. I duhthlan turte leh i beisei turte hriatna chuan i rilru put hmang chu hrisel leh rah chhuah nei takin i hmachhawn thei a ni. Doctor-te chu thu hriat leh kaihhruaina pe turin an awm a ni. Zawhna i neih chuan, thurawn emaw, thlawpna emaw i mamawh chuan sawipui rawh. He natna hi a hmaa hriatchhuah leh enkawl dan dik tak chuan he natna hi i thunun thei a, nun tha takin i nung thei tih hre reng ang che.

` C3G, kal natna, complement 3, glomerulopathy, kal tha lo, zun protein, dialysis