Diabetes-Related Coma hi kan hre chiang em?

Zunthlum vei i hre reng mai thei a, i chhungte emaw, i ṭhian emaw pawh a ni thei. A châng chuan chutiang mite chu rang taka hriatna hloh, ṭawng thei lo, leh a chang chuan tlu tla tih kan hre fo. Hei hi a takah chuan hlauhawm tak leh nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni. Chuvang chuan, vawiinah hian he natna hi zunthlum avanga lo awm thei, a nih loh leh doctor-te’n `(Diabetes-Related Coma)` an tih ang chi hi sawi kan ngaihtuah ta a ni. Chu chu dik taka kan hriat chuan kan hmangaihte kan enkawl thei ang.

Diabetes-Related Coma tih hi eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin...

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, diabetic coma hi kan thisen sugar level a san lutuk (hyperglycemia) emaw, a hniam lutuk (hypoglycemia) emaw a nih chuan natna khirh tak, nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni. "Coma" chu hriat lohna famkim, muthilh thuk taka tlu ang maia, thusawi hmanga tihharh theih lohna dinhmun a ni. Mahse, an hriatna hloh chung pawhin an la dam reng a ni. Hei hi emergency medical attention mamawh tak a ni.

Hetiang dinhmun hlauhawm tak hi chhan lian tak pathum a awm a.

Zunthlum vei chu coma-a a tlak theihna tur kawng pathum a awm a. Eng nge an nih hi han thlir ila:

1. Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS) a awm a, a chhuahna tur hmun leh a hmanna tur a awm lo.

2. Zunthlum kaihhnawih Ketoacidosis (DKA) .

3. Hypoglycemia na tak

Tunah chuan heng zinga pakhat zel hi chipchiar deuhin han sawi ila, okay?

1. Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS) hi eng nge ni?

He natna, HHS tia koh hi Type 2 Diabetes vei zingah a tam ber a ni. I thisen sugar (glucose) level rei tak (a tlangpuiin 600 mg/dL aia sang) a nih chuan a thleng thin. Hei hian i taksain tui a hloh nasa lutuk a, tui tlakchhamna nasa tak, buaina leh symptom dang a thlen thei a ni. Enkawl vat loh chuan coma a thlen thei a ni.

2. Diabetes-Related Ketoacidosis (DKA) hi eng nge ni?

``DKA'' tih dinhmun pawh hi nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni. ``Type 1 Diabetes'' (a vei tawhte a nghawng thei a , chutiang bawkin an nei tih hre lote pawh a nghawng thei bawk). Mahse, a chang chuan Type 2 Diabetes vei te tan pawh a awm thei.

DKA hi i taksain insulin (natural emaw pawn lam atanga lak emaw) a neih tlem chuan a thleng thin. I hriat angin insulin hi kan thisena sugar, glucose, kan cell-a lut tur leh chakna atana hman tur atan a pawimawh hle. Chuvangin insulin a tlakchham emaw, a tlem emaw chuan taksa hian chakna atan thau a ti chhe tan thin. Thau a chhiat chuan chemicals ketones an tih chu thisenah a chhuak a.

Zunthlum vei taksaa `(ketones)` a pun chuan thisen chu zawi zawiin `(acidic) a lo ni ta a ni.` Hei hi a hun taka enkawl a nih loh chuan coma a awm thei a ni. `(DKA)` vei thisen sugar level hi 250 mg/dL aia sang a ni tlangpui. Mahse hre reng ang che, `(DKA)` awm chhan ber chu thisen thlum chauh ni lovin `(insulin)` tlakchham vang leh `(ketones)` pung vang a ni. Zunthlum vei thenkhat chuan an sugar 250 mg/dL aia tam pawh nise `(DKA)` an paltlang thei.

3. Hypoglycemia na tak chu eng nge ni?

Hei hi a chhan pathumna a ni. Thisen sugar level 40 mg/dL aia hniam a nih chuan ``hypoglycemia`` natna khirh tak anga ngaih a ni. Hei hi nunna atan pawh a hlauhawm hle.

I hria em, kan taksa leh a bik takin thluak tana chakna petu ber chu `(glucose)` a ni. Chuvangin thisen sugar level a tlahniam chuan taksain hna a thawk tha thei lo. Sawi tawh ang khan sugar level 40 mg/dL hnuai lam a tlak chuan i taksa leh rilruah inthlak danglamna i tawk thei a, engmah ti thei lovin i awm thei a ni. He `(hypoglycemia)` natna khirh tak hi rei tak enkawl loh chuan coma-ah i lut thei a ni.

He hypoglycemia natna khirh tak hi zunthlum tan insulin emaw, zunthlum damdawi thenkhat sulfonylureas ang chi emaw ei thinte zingah a tam ber a ni.

Diabetic coma a awm hian eng symptoms nge a neih? Engtin nge kan hriat chian?

Coma-ah hian thil pawimawh pathum a awm a, chungte chu:

• Hriat lohna: Mut thuk takah awm ang mai a ni. Eng ang pawhin thu sawi mah la, kaihthawh che chu a harsa hle a, thil theih loh tluk a ni.
• Mit chhanna awm lo: Mit chu a khar reng. Miin mit a han meng chuan chhanna a awm lo. Mahse, a chang chuan mitah hian êng ang chi thilte hi reflex response engemaw zat a awm thei.
• Motor response tlakchhamna: Conscious movement awm lo. Mahse, reflex movement thenkhat chu a awm thei.

Tunah chuan a chunga kan sawi tak `(DKA)`, `(HHS)` leh `(hypoglycemia)` natna khirh tak takah hian coma-a kan luh hmaa a lan chhuah dante chu engte nge ni tih i en ang u. Hengte hi i hriat hma chuan accident lian tak i pumpelh thei a ni.

DKA-a coma hmaa symptoms awm thin:

• Nausea leh luak chhuak.
• Pum a na.
• Thâwk rang, thuk tak (doctor-te chuan hei hi ``Kussmaul thawk'' an ti). Rhythm pakhatah pawh a awm thei.
• Thâwk chungah thei rim a nam.
• Chau leh chak lo tak nia inhria.
• Disoriented emaw confused emaw anga inhriatna.
• Alertness a tlahniam.

`(HHS)` condition-a coma hmaa symptoms awm thin:

• Rilru inthlak danglamna: buaina, delirium, hallucinations.
• I hriatna hloh dawn ang mai a ni.
• Kawng vawt leh tuihal lutuk (polydipsia).
• Zun chhuah fo thin.
• Mit hmuh fiah lo emaw, mit hmuhna hloh emaw.
• Numbness, a chang chuan taksa sir khatah a tam zawk.

Hypoglycemia na takah chuan coma hmaa symptoms awm thinte chu:

• Blurred vision emaw double vision emaw a awm thei.
• Thusawi laiin thumal inzawmkhawm tir.
• Balance hloh leh thil tih harsat.
• Disorientation tih loh (disorientation) a ni.
• Seizures hi fit ang mai a ni.

Heng symptoms zinga pakhat tal i hriat chuan ngaihthah suh. Damdawi lam thurawn lak nghal a tha ber.

Zunthlum vangin mi pakhatin a hriatna a hloh chuan engtin nge kan tih ang? (A hmasa ber atan) .

I awmna hmuna mi pakhatin zunthlum vangin a hriatna a hloh thut mai ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. Thil engemaw zat tih theih a awm a:

• 1990 call nghal la, ambulance la rawh. Chu mi chuan zunthlum a vei tih i hriat chuan 1990 operator hnenah pawh chu chu hrilh rawh.
• Ei leh in tur engmah pe suh. An choke thei.
• Fimkhur takin mi chu an sir lamah herh la, chutiang chuan hmui emaw, luak emaw chuan thawkna kawng a tikhawlo lo ang.
• Ambulance a lo thlen hma chuan kum 1990-a operator-in a pek angin zawm tur a ni.

Dik taka tih a nih chuan chu mi nunna chhanchhuahna kawngah chuan nasa takin a pui thei a ni.

Engvangin nge zunthlum hian chutiang khawpa hriatna hloh a thlen? (A chhan chu a awlsam khawp mai)

Kan sawi tawh ang khan diabetic coma hi a chhan lian ber pathum a awm a, a dik em? Anni chu:

• Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic dinhmun `(HHS)` a ni.
• Zunthlum vei ketoacidosis (DKA) natna vei a ni.
• Hypoglycemia na tak (thisen sugar a hniam hle).

HHS leh DKA te hi taksa tui level nasa taka tlahniam a, tui tlakchhamna nasa tak thlentu dinhmun a ni. Hetianga tui tlakchhamna hian coma a thlen thei a ni.

A lehlamah chuan hypoglycemia na tak takah chuan thluak hian a mamawh glucose (sugar) a hmu lo. Sugar hi thluak hnathawh that nan a pawimawh hle. A bo chuan thluak chu a "shut down" a, coma-ah i lut thei bawk. Chu chu i hmu em?

Tute nge diabetic coma vei theihna chance sang zawk?

Zunthlum vei (zunthlum vei hriat loh nei pawh) chu zunthlum coma nei thei an ni. Mahse, he hlauhawmna hi zunthlum chi hrang hrang a zirin a danglam deuh hlek a ni:

• Type 1 Diabetes vei te hi coma-a luh theihna a sang zawk a, DKA vang emaw, hypoglycemia na tak vang emaw pawh nise. Hei hi a chhan chu Type 1 Diabetes vei te hian insulin an mamawh reng a, an thisen sugar level pawh Type 2 Diabetes vei te aiin a inthlak danglam tam zawk vang a ni.
• Type 2 Diabetes vei te hi DKA emaw, hypoglycemia na tak emaw aiin HHS vangin coma-ah an lut tam zawk .

Risk factor dangte chu engte nge ni?

Heng bakah hian thil dang thenkhat chuan zunthlum coma vei theihna a tipung thei a ni:

• Natna dang siam chhuah.
• Surgery neih mek a ni.
• Taksa lama hliam (Trauma).
• Insulin pekna system-a harsatna (e.g., insulin pen, pump hnathawh that loh).
• Insulin theihnghilh, skip, emaw ei tam lutuk.
• Zunthlum enkawl dan dik loh (e.g. nitin thisen sugar level enfiah loh, damdawi ei dik loh).
• `(Hypoglycemia unawareness)` (chu chu thisen thlum tlahniam chhinchhiahna hmasa hriat loh tihna a ni).
• Zu in a in thin.
• Ruihhlo hman dan.

Engtin nge doctor-te hian diabetic coma hi dik taka an hriat theih?

Diabetic coma hi medical emergency a ni a, enkawl vat a ngai a ni. Coma-a awm apiang chu damdawi inah dah a ngai a ni.

Doctor-te chuan i medical history an lak a, i thisen sugar level (blood glucose test) an enfiah a, ketones leh i hriselna zawng zawng enfiah turin test dang an ti a, chu chuan diabetic coma i nei tih chu rang takin an hre thei tlangpui.

Chuvangin zunthlum vei tan chuan medical alert bracelet emaw necklace emaw bun a pawimawh hle. Emergency a lo thlen chuan doctor-te chuan an hmu thei a, thutlukna an siam thuai thei a ni. Tin, i chhungte, i thiante leh i thawhpui te hnenah zunthlum i vei tih hriattir a pawimawh bawk. Chutiang chuan emergency-a tih tur an hre chiang hle.

Diabetic coma hi engtin nge i enkawl?

Diabetic coma enkawlna chu a chhan a zirin a inang lo , mahse damdawi ina dah a ngai fo thin.

`(DKA)` emaw `(HHS) avanga coma awm enkawlna:

• IV fluids: Hengte hi dehydration leh electrolyte imbalances siamthat nan pek thin a ni.
• Insulin: Medical team te hian IV hmangin emaw, subcutaneous shot angin emaw insulin an pe thei che a ni.
• Enkawlna dang: I dam leh theih nan enkawlna dang pek theih a ni. Chûng zîngah chuan i thisen sugar level sang tak thlentu damdawi lam dinhmun emaw, natna hrik emaw awm thei enkawlna a tel thei a ni.

Hypoglycemia na tak avanga coma awm enkawlna:

• Emergency glucagon a awm chuan:Hei hi hormone glucagon siam chhuah a ni. Hmangaih tak emaw, doctor emaw pawhin injection angin emaw, hnar spray angin emaw (a chi hrang hrang a zirin) pek theih a ni. Synthetic glucagon hian liver-a glucose dahkhawm chu a chhuah tir a, thisen sugar level a tisang a ni.

A pawimawh ber: I hnaih bertuin `(glucagon)` pe che mahse damdawi in enkawl i mamawh tak zet a ni. `(glucagon)` pein 1990 ah call nghal rawh se.

Harsatna dang, organ failure ang chi a lo awm chuan damdawi lam enkawlna dang a ngai thei bawk.

Diabetic coma veng turin eng nge kan tih theih ang?

Diabetic coma ven nan hian hypoglycemia (DKA), hypoglycemia (HHS), leh hypoglycemia te hriat hmasak a pawimawh. Heng natnate hi a nasat hmaa enkawl dan tur i tih theih dan tur chu i doctor nen sawiho rawh.

Doctor pan nghal rawh:

• I thisen sugar level chu chhan hriat loha vawi hnih a zawna 300 mg/dL aia sang a nih chuan.
• Thisen sugar tlahniam (70 mg/dL hnuai lam) i neih a, vawi thum (e.g., glucose tablet, sugary drinks) i neih hnuah a pangngaia a lo kir leh loh chuan i doctor emaw 911 emaw call nghal rawh.

Mi pakhat chu diabetic coma-ah a dam thei ang em? Hun rei tak chhunga nghawng a nei em?

Ni e, a chhan bulpui chu enkawl vat a nih chuan diabetic coma hi pumpelh theih a ni. Mahse, mi thenkhat chuan thluak chhiatna nghet tak an tuar thei bawk. Inenkawl vat loh leh mumal taka enkawl loh chuan thihna hial a thleng thei a ni.

DKA vanga thihna rate hi 0.2% leh 2.5% inkar a ni. Coma-a kal, hypothermia nei, zun chhuah tlem (oliguria) te hian a rah chhuah a chhe ber.

HHS vei zinga 20% vel chu he natna vang hian an thi thin. Coma leh/ emaw thisen sang hniam nei te hian prognosis an nei tha lo hle.

Diabetic coma-ah eng chen nge i awm theih ang?

Diabetic coma-a i awm rei zawng chu enkawlna dik i hmuh thuai danah a innghat nasa hle. Hetiang coma tihtawp theihna awmchhun chu i thisen glucose leh insulin level chu hrisel level-ah hruai kir leh hi a ni. Hei hi damdawi lam thiamte puihnain a tih theih chauh a ni. Diabetic coma-a awm chuan a mah chauhin a hriatna a nei leh tawh dawn lo.

Hetiang coma-a awm hian a hun taka enkawl a nih loh chuan a thih mai a rinawm. "In time" hi case hrang hrangah leh mi hrang hrangah a inang lo. Chuvang chuan a rang thei ang bera tanpuina lak a pawimawh em em a ni.

A tawi zawngin, kan hriat reng tur thilte chu hetiang hi a ni (Take-Home Message):

Diabetic coma hi thil hlauhawm tak ni mah se, ven theih a ni fo.

• A bulpui ber chu, .Vaukhânna chhinchhiahna `(DKA)`, `(HHS)` leh thisen sugar tlahniam te hre reng la, i hmuh hunah hma la vat rawh.
• Hetiang natna lanchhuahna i neih chuan doctor ko nghal rawh.
• Diabetes complication hi a hlauhawm tak zet a, mahse fimkhur leh inbuatsaih hi chu a laka invenna tha ber a ni.
• I zunthlum emaw, heng harsatna te hi enkawl dan tur chungchanga zawhna i neih apiang chu i doctor zawt hreh ngai suh. I hriselna hi i tan a hlu a ni.

` Zunthlum, Coma, DKA, HHS, Hypoglycemia, Thisen Sugar, Insulin, First Aid, Zunthlum harsatna, Hriatrengna hloh