I fate thinlung aorta hi hmun dangah a awm em? He (Overriding Aorta) chungchang hi i zir dawn teh ang!

A châng chuan kan naupang tête hi an thinlungah inthlâk danglamna tenau tak tak nen he khawvelah hian an lo kal ṭhin. Nu emaw pa emaw angin chutiang thil i hriat chuan hlauhna leh lungkhamna nasa tak i neih hi thil pangngai tak a ni. Mahse lungngai suh, a chhan chu vawiin hian ``Overriding Aorta'' tih hming pu condition kan sawi dawn a, chu chu congenital heart disease a ni. Thil tam tak chu thumal awlsam takin kan sawi dawn a, chu chu eng nge ni tak tak, engvangin nge a lo awm, a natna lan chhuah dan leh a enkawl dante chu eng nge ni. Heng thilte hi dik taka i hriatthiam chuan i naute tan damdawi lam enkawlna tha ber pe turin chakna nasa tak a pe ang che.

Hei hi eng nge ni `(Overriding Aorta)`? A awlsam zawngin hrethiam ila, kan hrethiam ang em?

Okay, he `(Overriding Aorta)` hi eng nge a nih i en hmasa ang. A awlsam zawngin, hei hi kan naute thinlunga thisen kalna kawng lian tak, aorta, a awmna tur hmun aia hmun danglam deuha awm a ni.

Tunah chuan en teh, thinlung hrisel pangngaiah chuan he thisen kalna kawng ropui tak `(Aorta)` hi thinlung veilam lamah a awm a, chu chu veilam ventricle nen a inzawm tihna a ni. Eng nge i hria em? Chutah chuan oxygen tamna, lung atanga thisen thianghlim lo chhuak chu taksa pum puiah a insem darh thei a ni. Chu chu a hnathawh ber a ni.

Mahse `(Overriding Aorta)` ah chuan he aorta hi thinlung ventricle veilam leh dinglam inkar wall chungah (hei hi `Ventricular Septum` an ti a), chu wall chhunga khur pakhat chungah (`Ventricular Septal Defect` emaw VSD) a awm a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, hetah hian thil thleng hi tui pump hose chu tank dik lovah dah ang mai a ni.

Hemi avang hian eng nge thleng? Thinlung dinglamah oxygen a tlem a, chu chu a hmang zo tawh tihna a ni a, thisen "bawlhhlawh" tlem a ni. Chu khur (`VSD`) leh aorta chu hmun dik lovah a awm avangin, he thisen oxygen tlem zawk hi aorta chhungah hian a lut a, taksa pum puia thisen kal kual nen a inhmeh ta a ni. Chumi awmzia chu naute taksa peng hrang hranga thisen a oxygen awm zat a tlahniam tihna a ni. Hei hi buaina ber a ni.

Hei leh `(Tetralogy of Fallot)` an tih dinhmun hi eng nge inzawmna?

Overriding Aorta hi a tlangpuiin a awm ve mai mai a ni lo. Congenital heart disease complex tak Tetralogy of Fallot tih hming pu thil langsar pali zinga mi a ni. "Tetralogy" tih hian pali tihna a ni. Chuvangin, he dinhmunah hian thinlung lama harsatna lian pali hmuh dun a ni a:

1. `(Overriding Aorta)`: Kan sawi tak aorta hi hmun dik lovah a awm.

2. Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD): Thinlung veilam leh dinglam chamber inkar bang chhunga khur awm . Hei hian oxygen tamna thisen chu oxygen tlakchhamna thisen nen a inhmeh tir thin.

3. Pulmonary Stenosis (Pulmonary Stenosis): Pulmonary artery, lung dinglam atanga lungpui thlenga oxygenated thisen phurtu chu a inkhar emaw, a valve, a inhawng tha lo emaw chuan lung chhunga thisen kal chu a ti tlem a ni.

4. Thinlung ventricle dinglam bang a thim (`Right Ventricular Hypertrophy`):Chu pulmonary artery chu a block avangin thisen pump turin ventricle dinglam chuan nasa zawkin hna a thawk a ngai a ni. Exercise i tih hian muscle tissue a lian chho zel ang bawkin he ventricle wall hi hun kal zelah a thim thin.

Ngaihtuah teh, restaurant-a meizukna hmun leh meizuk lohna hmun inkarah hian bang a awm lo ang mai a ni. Tichuan meikhu chu hmun khat a\angin hmun dangah awlsam takin a kal a, tumah an dam lo. Chu chu he `(Tetralogy of Fallot)` condition-ah hian a thleng thin. Thisen oxygen tlem leh oxygen tamna thisen chu a inhmeh lo hle.

Hetiang dinhmun (Overriding Aorta) hian tute nge a nghawng nasa ber?

He natna hi ``Tetralogy of Fallot'' tia koh, ``Overriding Aorta'' pawh telna hi statistically chuan naute hmeichhia aiin naute mipaah ​​hian hmuh a tam zawk deuh hlek a ni.

Tin, naute chromosomal abnormalities thenkhat, Down syndrome ang chi te hian Tetralogy of Fallot an vei tam zawk bawk. He thinlung lam harsatna hi thil dang, a tlem em em, Apert syndrome leh Williams syndrome te nen pawh hmuh theih a ni.

Hetiang dinhmun hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?

Khawvela naute piang 100 zinga pakhat vel chuan pianpui thinlung natna chi khat emaw an nei thei niin an sawi. Chutianga i en chuan, chu naute thinlung lama harsatna nei zinga 10% vel, chu chu nau piang thar 3,000 zinga pakhat vel chuan `(Tetralogy of Fallot)` tih natna an nei thei a, chutah chuan `(Overriding Aorta)` pawh a tel thei a ni. Chuvangin, hei hi a awm vak lo a, mahse doctor-te hmuh fo thin condition a ni.

Hetiang natna lan chhuah dan hi engte nge ni?

Tetralogy of Fallot vei naute zawng zawng hian symptom inang an nei vek lo. Thenkhatin symptoms na lo tak tak an nei thei a, thenkhat erawh chuan symptoms na tak tak an nei thei thung. Heng symptoms awm dan hi pulmonary artery engzat nge block tih ah a innghat ber a ni. Chu chu thisen engzat nge lungah a thlen tihna a ni. Enkawl loh chuan heng symptoms te hi hun kal zelah a zual zauh zauh thei a ni.

Symptom tenau te

Nausen thenkhatah chuan heng ang chi natna chi hrang hrang (mild symptoms) an nei thei a ni:

• Blue skin color (`Cyanosis`): He blue colour hi hmui, lei, leh kut zungtang ang chi hmunah hian a langsar zual hle. Hei hi thisen a oxygen awm zat a tlahniam vang a ni.
• Chau tih hriat: I naute chu inkhelh emaw, nau hnute pek emaw hnuah a chau thuai angin a lang thei.
• Thâwk a tawi: Thâwk harsa i nei thei a, a bik takin i active lai hian.
• Chaw ei duhna leh taksa rihna tihpunna lama harsatna: Naute hian chaw a ei tha lo thei a, a thau pawh a tipung lo thei bawk.

Symptom na tak tak leh `(Tet Spells)`

A châng chuan, naute oxygen level chu a tlahniam nghal a, chu chuan ``Tet spells'' a thlen ṭhin.Thil hlauhawm tak, tet spell an tih hi a awm thei. Hei hi a thleng nghal thei a, minute tlemte atanga darkar tlemte thleng a ni. Nausen inkhelh lai leh rang takin a rawn sen a, thawk harsa tak chu han mitthla teh.

Tet spell neih chhung hian heng ang symptom na tak tak hi hmuh theih a ni:

• Vun chu a rawn sen nghal zung zung a.
• Chau lutuk anga inhria, i taksa chu a hlim lo ang maiin.
• Fainting a awm thei.
• Convulsions a awm thin.
• Thâwk harsa, thawk rang.
• Naute chu a tap nghal mai thei a, chutah chuan a muhil thei bawk.

Hetiang ``Tet spell'' hnu hian naute chu rei tak a muhil thei a ni. Heng ``Tet spells'' te hi damdawi lam pan vat ngai dinhmun a ni.

Engvangin nge ``Overriding Aorta'' ang chi hi a lo awm thin?

Dik tak chuan, a tam zawkah chuan, nausen pum chhunga nausen thinlung a lo thanglian hian chutiang sualna chhan chiang tak chu zawn chhuah a harsa hle. Chu chu a chhan chiang lo (`a chhan hriat loh`) tihna a ni. Mahse, he natna `(Tetralogy of Fallot)` (chutah chuan `(Overriding Aorta)` pawh a tel) nei naute 25% vel chuan an taksa hmun dangah piansualna emaw harsatna engemaw zat an nei tih hmuhchhuah a ni

Engtin nge doctor-te hian he natna hi an hriat theih (Overriding Aorta)?

I naute a pian veleh damdawi ina doctor leh nurse ten naute hriselna an enfiah nghal ang. Chutih rual chuan thinlunga thil danglam awm apiang chu a bik takin an ngaihven ang.

• Pulse Oximetry: Naute kut emaw ke emaw-ah sensor te tak te dahin thisenah oxygen awm zat a teh thin. Oxygen level hniam hi thinlung natna chhinchhiahna a ni thei. Hei hi test awlsam tak, hrehawm lo tak a ni.
• Heart Murmur: Doctor-in naute thinlung chu stethoscope hmanga a ngaihthlak hian ``Overriding Aorta'' ang chi natna a awm chuan, heartbeat pangngai bakah hian aw danglam tak, ``heart murmur'' an tih chu a ri thei bawk. Amaherawhchu, phunnawi zawng zawng hi a hlauhawm vek lo a, mahse hetiang dinhmunah hian chhinchhiahna pawimawh tak a ni.

Test neih a nih chuan confirm theih a ni

A chunga kan sawi takte hi a awm a nih chuan doctor-te chuan hetiang test hi an ti ang a, chu chuan a natna chu a finfiah ang a, thinlung lam harsatna awm dan dik tak chu a hriat theih ang:

• Echocardiogram (Echo): Hei hi thinlung ultrasound scan ang a ni. Thinlung insiam dan atang te, valve hnathawh dan te, thisen kal dan te, VSD lian tham tak te, leh aorta awmna hmun atang te hian engkim chiang takin a hmu thei a ni. Hei hi Tetralogy of Fallot hriat theihna atana test ber a ni.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG): Hei hian thinlunga electric hnathawh dan a record a. Heart chamber lian zawk leh rhythm problem ang chi thil a hmuchhuak thei.
• Chest X-ray hmanga lak chhuah:Hei hian thinlung lian leh te leh a pianzia leh lung chhunga thisen kal zat a tlem lutuk leh tam lutuk ang chi thilte ngaihtuahna a pe thei a ni.
• Computed Tomography (CT) scan emaw MRI scan of the heart: A chang chuan, heng test te hi thinlung leh thisen kalna kawng lian zawk chungchang chipchiar zawka hriat a ngai a nih chuan tih thin a ni.
• Cardiac Catheterization: Hemiah hian tube (catheter) te tak te tak mai chu naute groin emaw arm emaw a thisen kalna kawng kaltlangin thinlungah an kal a, chutah chuan thinlung chhunga pressure an teh a, oxygen level an enfiah a, a chang chuan dye an inject a, X-ray image an la bawk. Hei hian operation hmaa thinlung dinhmun dik taka tehna kawngah a pui hle.
• Thisen test: Hengte hian thisen a oxygen level leh red blood cells (Hemoglobin) awm zat ang chi thilte a enfiah thei a ni.

He `(Overriding Aorta)` natna hi engtin nge enkawl a nih?

He natna enkawlna tha ber leh awmchhun (Tetralogy of Fallot) chu thinlunga chhiatna palite siamthatna tur operation hi a ni. Hei hi open-heart surgery anga tih a ni tlangpui .

• Operation hun tur: A tam zawkah chuan doctor-te chuan naute thla 6 a tlin hmain, a nih loh leh kum khatna chhungin he surgery hi tih an rawt a ni . Naute dinhmun a zirin nausen thenkhat tan chuan a hma zawk pawha tih theih hun a awm.
• Surgery neih laiin eng nge thleng?: Surgeon chuan ventricles (VSD) inkar wall-a khur chu special patch hmangin a khar a. Pulmonary artery leh valve-a blockage awm chu a paih chhuak bawk a, thisen a kal tha thei a ni. Heng thilte hi siamthat a nih chuan overriding aorta buaina leh right ventricle thickening te chu a reh ta a ni.
• Temporary Shunt: Nausen thenkhat chu an te hle a, a nih loh leh an pulmonary arteries a te hle a, chuvangin full surgery tih nghal a harsa mai thei. Chutiang hunah chuan surgeon chuan hun eng emaw chen chu shunt a dah thei a ni . Hei hian naute aorta emaw artery lian dang emaw atanga branch pakhat lak a, pulmonary artery nena inzawm tir a huam a ni. Hei hian lungah thisen kal a tipung a, naute chu a lo upa deuh a, operation kimchang a tih theih thlengin hahdamna a pe a ni.

Doctor-te chuan he open-heart surgery hi Tetralogy of Fallot enkawlna atan hian kum 1950 chho atang khan an lo ti tawh a, chuvangin medical field-a procedure mumal tak a ni.

Damdawi hman chi hrang hrang

Surgery bakah hian damdawi thenkhat chu symptoms control nan leh complication ven nan hman a ni bawk:

• Beta-blocker damdawi (e.g. Propranolol): Hengte hian chutiang Tet spell hlauhawm tak takte chu a lo awm loh nan a pui a, a lo awm a nih chuan a nasatzia a ti tlem bawk.
• Diuretics: Hengte hian taksaa tui tul lo a tihtlem bakah thinlunga pressure (heart failure ang chi dinhmunah) a tihziaawm thei a ni.
• `(Antibiotics)` (Hriselna atana hman tur damdawi):Hetiang thinlung natna vei naute hian thinlung chhungril lam natna (`Infective Endocarditis`) an vei theihna a hlauhawm hle a, a bik takin ha lakchhuah ang chi damdawi lam thil thenkhatah chuan. Chuvangin he damdawi hi chutiang hri kai laka inven nan pek a ni.

Enkawlnaah hian harsatna a awm em?

Surgery chu hlawhtling mah se, hun kal zelah harsatna engemaw zat a awm thei.

• Tetralogy of Fallot siam that hian surgeon-te chuan pulmonary valve chu tlem a ti flexible deuh a, chuvangin mi tam tak chuan chu valve kaltlangin thisen tlemte hnunglam hawia a luang chhuak (pulmonary regurgitation) an tawng thei a ni.
• Hei hian heart rhythm problem (arrhythmias) neih theihna a tipung a ni.
• Hun a kal zel a, he valve leakage hi a pung a, thinlung dinglam lamah harsatna nasa zawk a siam a, chu chu a ti lian a, thinlung a tichhe thei hial a ni.
• Operation hnu kum tam takah chuan aorta lian (aortic root dilatation) emaw tricuspid valve leak ang chi thil a awm thei. Chutiang a nih chuan surgery tam zawk emaw, enkawlna dang emaw i mamawh mai thei. Chuvang chuan regular checkup neih chhunzawm zel a pawimawh.

Engtin nge naute natna lan chhuah dan chu operation hma loh chuan kan thunun theih ang?

Surgery zawh a nih hma chuan doctor-te chuan naute natna lan chhuah dan control nan leh naute thlamuanna pe turin a hnuaia mi ang hian an ti ang:

• A tul chuan thinlung damdawi (e.g., beta-blockers) pe thin ang che.
• Naute hian tui leh ei leh in a dawng tlem em tih enfiah.
• Thisen a hemoglobin level enfiah fo la, a tul chuan iron awmna syrup (anemia ven nan) pe thin ang che.
• Naute chungah harsatna nasa tak thlen thei thil, hun rei tak tap ang chi thil tih loh tur.
• ``Tet spell'' a awm chuan naute khup chu a rilru hnaih taka vawn (``knee-chest position'') hian hahdamna a pe thei. I doctor chuan hetiang tih dan tur a zirtir ang che.

Hetiang thil a thlen theihna tur hlauhawmna hi tihziaawm theih a ni em?

Nausen piang tharte thinlung natna thlentu dik tak hriat chian ni lo fo mah se, zirchiangtute chuan naupai laia nu hriselna leh nunphung hian nghawng a nei thei niin an ngai. A hnuaia thilte hian naute thinlung natna a vei theihna a tipung thei a ni:

• Nu emaw, pa emaw, chhungkaw member dang emawa pianpui thinlung natna neih.
• Nu naupai laiin meizuk.
• Nu hian naupai tirh lamah ``Rubella`` (German measles) ang chi natna a nei a.
• Nu hian zunthlum thunun theih loh a nei a.
• Naupai thla thum chhunga damdawi thenkhat (e.g., seizure damdawi thenkhat) ei.
• Nu zu a hman dan.
• Naupai laiin ei leh in lama tlakchhamna.
• Nu naupai lai hian kum 40 aia upa a ni.

Chuvangin, nakin lawka naupai turah he hlauhawmna tihziaawm nan hian naupai hmaa i hriselna enkawl a pawimawh hle a, damdawi lam dinhmun awmsa (zunthlum ang chi) control a pawimawh hle a, meizuk leh zu in loh vek a, doctor phalna la hmasa lovin damdawi engmah ei loh a pawimawh hle. I chhungkuaa tu pawhin lung natna nei an nih chuan genetic counselor hnen atanga thurawn lak pawh a finthlak hle ang.

`(Overriding Aorta)` nei naute hian eng ang hmalam hun nge a beisei theih ang?

Hei hi i tan chuan hlauhawm tak angin a lang thei a, mahse thudik tak chu naute tam zawk chu operation hnuah pawh nun pangngai leh hrisel takin an nung zui zel a ni.

• Naute Tetralogy of Fallot (Overriding Aorta pawh tel) hlawhtling taka operation nei tawh zinga 90% aia tam chu an seilian tha a, puitling nun pangngaiin an hmang thin. Sikul an kal a, an inkhel a, hna an thawk a, chhungkua an nei bawk. Ṭhenkhat chuan kum 70 leh 80 vel thlengin nun hrisel tak an hmang a ni.
• Mahse, zai a nih loh chuan a dinhmun a hlauhawm hle. Chutiang a nih chuan hun kal zelah a natna lan chhuah dan chu a zual zel ang a, i dam rei zawng chu a tikhawtlai ang. Kum 20 thleng pawh i dam lo mai thei.

Chuvangin, a hun takah inenkawlna dik tak pek hi a pawimawh ber a ni.

Naute operation hnuah engtin nge kan enkawl ang?

Operation hnua i naute i rawn hruai haw hian mawhphurhna lian tak i nei a ni.

• Follow-up visit neih fo: I naute hian pediatric cardiologist hnenah follow-up visit neih fo a ngai dawn a ni. Chungte chu a tir lamah chuan a tam zawk thei a, chutah chuan a tam zawk thei bawk. Hengte hi skip suh.
• Thluak lam natna laka invenna: Hetiang taka thinlung surgery nei naupangte hian thawkna lam natna an nei thei a, chu chuan rang takin harsatna a thlen thei a ni. Chuvangin i naute chu khawsik leh khawsik nei te lakah hla takah dah la. Chutiang infection a lo awm chuan damdawi lam pan vat tur a ni.
• Antibiotics: Doctor-te chuan ha enkawlna thenkhat emaw, surgery tenau dang emaw tih hmain thinlung natna (endocarditis) venna atan antibiotics pek an rawt thei. Hemi chungchang hi doctor zawt rawh.
• Nutrition leh Growth: I naute ei leh in leh thanlen dan uluk takin enkawl rawh.
• Hnathawh tur: I naute a lo upat deuh deuh chuan i doctor nen eng thiltih leh inkhelh nge a tih theih tih sawipui rawh. A tam zawkah chuan engkim chu a pangngaiin a ti thei.

Kan tar chhoh zel chuan thinlung lama harsatna thar a lo awm thei a, chuvangin puitling thleng pawhin heng heart specialist examination te hi chhunzawm zel a pawimawh hle.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

I naute hian heng chhinchhiahnate hi a lan chhuah chuan doctor pan emaw damdawi inah hruai nghal rawh:

• Symptom thar a lo lang a nih chuan.
• I vun, hmui leh i lei chu a sen hring ang maia lang a nih chuan.
• Thâwk harsa i neih chuan.
• Bawnghnute in duh loh emaw, chaw ei emaw i hreh chuan.
• I chau vat ang tih a hriat chuan.

Engtikah nge emergency room (ER) ah ka kal ang?

I naute hian ``Tet spell'' na tak a nei a, chu chu a rawn sen nghal vat tihna a ni a, thawk a harsat a, a muhil dawn emaw a nih chuan 911 call nghal la emaw, damdawi in hnai ber emergency room-ah hruai emaw rawh. Chutah chuan oxygen leh/ emaw damdawi ``Morphine'' ang chi an pe thei a, chu chuan an natna chu an thunun thei a ni.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

Hetiang hunah hian i rilruah zawhna tam tak i nei mai thei. Heng thilte hi i doctor zawh hreh suh:

• Ka fate infiamna emaw, thil dang emaw ka tihkhawtlai tur em ni?
• Ka naute hi engzat nge checkup turin a lo kal a ngai?
• Ka naute hian operation tam zawk a mamawh dawn em ni? A nih chuan engtikah nge?
• Hun rei tak chhunga harsatna awm thei tur chu engte nge ni? Anmahni ven nan eng nge tih theih ang?
• Naute hi eng damdawi nge pek tur? Eng chen nge pek tur? Side effect an nei em?

He thawnthu atanga in lama kan hruai duh ber chu

Okay, Overriding Aorta leh Tetralogy of Fallot chungchang kan sawi nasa hle. Tunah hian pressure nasa tak i nei a ni mai thei. Mahse, heng thilte hi hre reng ang che:

• Overriding Aorta hi pianpui heart defect a ni a, Tetralogy of Fallot an ti a. Hei hi naute aorta a inmil lo a, taksa pum puiah oxygen tlachham thisen a luang chhuak a ni.
• A lan chhuah dan chu vun dum, hah, thawk harsa, leh ‘tet spell’ hlauhawm tak tak te a ni thei.
• He natna hi surgery hmangin hlawhtling takin enkawl theih a ni. Surgeon-te chuan kum sawm tam tak chhung chu he operation hi hlawhtling takin an lo ti tawh a ni.
• Surgery an neih hnuah nausen tam tak chu hrisel, nun pangngaiin an nung thin.
• Damdawi lam checkup mumal leh doctor thurawn zawm hi a pawimawh ber a ni. He zinkawngah hian nangmah chauh i ni lo. Nang leh i naute tanpui leh kaihruaitu tur doctor thiam tak tak, nurse leh healthcare staff te an awm a. Chuvangin, thinlung takin awm rawh.

I naute piang thar chu operation nghah a nih chuan doctor leh nursing staff te hnenah i naute tanpui theihna tur thilte zawt ngei ang che, ``tet spell'' a awm chuan eng nge i tih tur tih te zawt ngei ang che. Chu hriatna chuan nasa takin a pui ang che.

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