Thluak ‘black matter’ (Substantia Nigra) - Kan chetna thununtu pasaltha te tak te chanchin i zir ang u

Ni khatah thil engzat nge kan tih? Kan kal a, kan tlan a, kan kut hmangin thil kan la a, no kan la a, kan ziak a, kan hawi kual a... Heng zawng zawng hi harsatna awm lovin, ngaihtuah pawh ngaihtuah lovin kan ti vek a ni. Mahse, heng movement zawng zawng hi engtiang chiahin nge nalh tak leh chiang taka thunun a ngai tih hi i ngaihtuah ngai em? Heng zawng zawng hnung lamah hian kan thluak hi a awm a ni. Thluak peng te tak te, mahse thiltithei tak mai hian heng chetna zawng zawng hi awlsam leh chiang taka kan tih theih nan min pui thin. Vawiin hian chu mi huaisen te tak te chungchang chu kan sawi dawn a ni. Chu chu Substantia Nigra a ni.

Chuti a nih chuan Substantia Nigra hi eng nge thleng tak tak?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, Substantia Nigra (SN) hi kan thluaka thil pawimawh tak a ni a, kan chetna control theitu a ni. ``Basal ganglia'' an tih system-a tel a ni a, chu chu thluak hmun dang atanga siam a ni. Company liana department pawimawh tak ang mai a ni. He part hi kan chetna a nghawng avang leh thluaka chemical process hrang hranga a thawhhlawk avangin a pawimawh hle.

Car i khalh lai han mitthla teh. Speed ​​tihsan nan accelerator i hman a ngai a, brake chu slow down emaw stop emaw atan i hmang a ngai a, steering wheel pawh inher nan i hmang a ngai bawk. Chung zawng zawng chu a inrem vek hunah chauh car chu uluk takin i control thei ang. Chutiang bawkin thluak pawhin kan taksa chetna thunun thei tur system ang chiah hi a nei bawk. Substantia nigra hnathawh ber pakhat chu chemical dopamine tih siam hi a ni . He dopamine hi kan chetna leh taksa peng hrang hrang hnathawh dan tur control tu messenger pawimawh tak a ni.

Substantia nigra chhungah hian a bulpui ber pahnih a awm a. An pahnih hian an hnathawh dan hi a inang lo deuh hlek a ni.

1. SN pars reticulata: He part hi kan mit chet dan, zir thiamna leh ngaihtuah thiamnaah a inrawlh ber a ni. Hemi hmuna cell-te hian chemical pakhat gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) an ti a. He chemical hian thluak cell-te hnathawh chu eng emaw chen chu a thunun a, chu chu brake ang mai a ni . Thluak chuan signal engemaw tak chu taksa peng pakhata kal turin a tha lo tih a rel chuan he `GABA` hmang hian chu signal duh loh chu tihtawp emaw, redirect emaw theih a ni. Hei vang hian kan che vel hi a mumal a, tul lo a ni lo.

2. SN pars compacta: He part hi a pawimawh hle. A chhan chu hetah hian nerve cell (neurons) te hian a hmaa kan sawi tawh ang khan chemical dopamine an siam chhuak a ni. Dopamine hi chetna chauh ni lovin, kan rilru put hmang, zir theihna, lawmman, risk-taking, leh motivation ang chi thil tam tak nen pawh a inzawm a ni. Thil nuam tak kan tih hian kan rilru a hahdam a, he dopamine avang hian tih leh kan duh a ni.

Khawiah nge hei hi thluak ah hian a awm tak tak?

Substantia nigra hi kan thluak lai tak, midbrain-ah a awm a. A hming ang ngeiin thluak lai takah a awm a. Brainstem chung lamah tlem a awm a, chutah chuan kan spinal cord chu kawr bul lama luruh nen a inzawm a ni.

"Substantia nigra" chungchang sawi mah ila, a takah chuan hetiang hian kan thluak hmun hnih a awm a. Pakhat chu thluak midline dinglamah a awm a, pakhat chu vei lamah a awm bawk. Chûng pahnihte chuan kawng khatin hna an thawk a ni.

A hmel, a rawng leh a lian leh te chu eng nge ni?

A hming hi a takah chuan Latin tawng atanga lo chhuak a ni. "Substantia nigra" tih awmzia chu "thil dum" tihna a ni. Chu chu, kan thluak hmun tam zawk hi pink-gray rawng hring a nih laiin, he hmun hi tissue dang aiin a dum zawk, dum zawk angin a lang a ni.

A chhan chu he hmuna nerve cells ah hian melanin an tih pigment a awm vang a ni . Melanin hi chemical a ni a, kan vun cell-ah pawh a awm bawk. Ni chhuahna hmuna kan chhuah hian he melanin avang hian kan vun a rawn sen a, a rawn sen bawk. Chu pigment tho chu he thluak hmun hi a rawng dum bik petu a ni.

Size lamah chuan hei hi a tlem hle. He substantia nigra hi a then 25 vel chu golf ball pangngai chhungah dah theih niin an sawi. Tunah chuan hna chu a lian zia chu i hrethiam thei tawh a, chu chu a tlem em em a ni.

He hmun tlemte hi eng atanga siam nge ni?

Thluak hmun dang ang bawkin substantia nigra hi cell chi hnih atanga siam a ni ber.

1. Nerve cell (Neurons) te: 1. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a.

Hengte hi kan thluak leh kan nervous system-a thawktu ber an ni. Kan ramah hian telephone wiring system ang mai a ni. Heng cell te hian electrical leh chemical signal angin information an thawn chhuak thin. Nerve cell-ah hian thil pawimawh engemaw zat a awm a:

• Cell taksa: Hei hi cell chhunga thil awm ber a ni a, control center ang bawkin.
• Axon: Cell taksa atanga chhuak, kut ang maia sei tak a ni. Wire sei tak ang mai a ni. Hemi rual hian signal an keng tel bawk.
• Synapses: Axon tawp lama kut zungtang ang chi thil awm. Hei hi electrical signal chu chemical signal-ah a chantir a, neuron dang panna hmun a ni.
• Dendrites: Cell taksaa branch ang chi te tak te, nerve cell dang atanga chemical signal dawng tur antenna angin thawk thin.
• Myelin-i chuan:Wire tam tak chhehvela venhimna sheath. Hei hian signal te chu a kal chak zawk a, leakage awm lovin a pui bawk.

2. Glial cells te chu: 1.1.

Hengte hi nerve cells te puitu supporting cells te an ni. Main actors te tan stage siamtu leh puitu supporting cast ang mai a ni. Heng cell te hian signal pe lo mahse, nerve cell te hian an mamawh nutrients an pe a, an venghim a, nervous system chu natna laka venhimna atan an pui a, heng glial cells te hian myelin sheath an siam a ni. Kan nervous system-ah hian nerve cell aiin glial cell a let sawm velin a tam zawk a ni.

Eng dinhmun nge Substantia Nigra hi a nghawng?

He hmun te tak te hi a chhiat emaw, a hnathawh a chhiat emaw chuan harsatna lian tak a thleng thei a ni. Hei hi a nghawngtu damdawi lam dinhmun lian ber ber thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Parkinson natna - Hei hi natna lian ber leh hriat lar ber a ni.
• Alzheimer natna a ni
• Thluak natna (brain tumor) a awm
• Lu hliam, a bik takin concussion leh thluak hliam na tak tak dangte
• Thil tha lo, entirnan chemical trichloroethylene (TCE) ang chi te.
• Infection (a bik takin thluak nghawng thei natna, encephalitis ang chi) .
• Immune system lama harsatna avanga natna lo awm, entirnan lupus
• Natna rochun, Huntington natna ang chi.
• Lewy taksa lam natna (dementia) a awm
• Thai

Hetiang natna lan chhuah dan tlangpui chu engte nge ni?

Natna pakhatin substantia nigra a nghawng dan chu natna a zirin a danglam thei. Mahse, a hnuaia table-ah hian a lan chhuah dan tlangpui thenkhat tarlan a ni.

Chutiang harsatna hriat theih nan eng test nge tih thin?

I doctor chuan i natna lan chhuah dan chu uluk takin a enfiah ang a, a tul chuan thluak hnathawh dan enfiah nan test hrang hrang a ti thei bawk.

• Thisen test: Hengte hian thil tam tak a hmuchhuak thei a, chu chu immune system lama harsatna leh taksaa toxins (a bik takin metals copper leh mercury ang chi) te hi a ni.
• CT scan (Computerized tomography scan): Thluak cross-sectional images lain harsatna a awm leh awm loh en theih a ni.
• MRI scan (Magnetic resonance imaging): Hei hian thluak tissue thlalak chiang tak, chipchiar tak a siam thei a ni.
• PET scan (Positron emission tomography scan): He test hian thluaka chemical activity awm dan a hriat theih nan a pui a ni.
• Genetic testing: Natna hi thlahtu a ni tih rinhlelhna a awm chuan heng test te hi tih theih a ni.

Heng natnate hi eng enkawlna nge ni?

Enkawl dan tur chu i dinhmun a zirin a innghat vek a ni. Condition thenkhat chu damdawi hmangin control theih a ni. Entirnan, Parkinson natnaah chuan dopamine level tisang thei damdawi an pe thin. Thil dangah chuan zai a ngai thei bawk.

Natna thenkhat chu tihdam theih a nih laiin, a tam zawk hi chu natna khirh tak tak a ni. Chutiang hunah chuan enkawlna tum ber chu a natna lan chhuah dan control a, damlo chu a theih ang anga nun pangngaia a awm theih nan tanpui hi a ni. Nangmah emaw, i hriat miin emaw heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan a tha ber chu doctor thiam tak hnenah thurawn dil nghal mai hi a ni.

Kan thluak hriselna atana kan tih theih thilte

Natna thenkhat, Parkinson’s ang chi, substantia nigra tichhe thei kan veng thei lo. Beisei loh takin an thleng thei a ni. Amaherawhchu, thluak tibuaitu natna tam tak, a bik takin stroke ang chite kan neih theihna tur tihziaawmna tur thil tam tak a awm. Heng thilte hi kan thluak hriselna venhim nan a pawimawh hle.

• Eat a balanced diet: Kan ei leh in hian direct-in kan circulatory system leh taksa rihna a nghawng a. Heng pahnih hi thluak hriselna atan a pawimawh hle.
• Taksa tihchak: Nitin exercise lak leh i taksa tana taksa rihna hrisel tak neih hian i thluak chu thisen sang leh stroke ang chi natna laka venhimna kawngah kawng thui tak a zawh thei a ni.
• Safety gear bun: Lu hliam awmna hmuna hnathawh hunah, a bik takin bicycle khalh emaw, in sak hna thawh emaw hian helmet ang maia safety gear bun a pawimawh hle. Lu hliam hian thluak a tichhe reng thei a ni.
• I natna rei tak enkawl rawh: Zunthlum, thisen sang, cholesterol ang chi natna rei tak i neih chuan i doctor-in a tih angin enkawl rawh. Hengte hi thunun loh chuan thluak tihchhiat theihna a sang zawk.

Substantia nigra hi kan thluak peng tlemte tak a ni a, mahse tunah chuan a chanvo lian zia chu i hrethiam tawh ang. He hmun tenau tak hi kan chetna, kan mit hmuhna leh kan rilru put hmang thunun nan a pawimawh hle. Medical science a lo thang chho zel a, a chungchang hi kan zir belh zel a ni. Chu hriatna chuan nakin lawkah natna kaihhnawih enkawlna tha zawk kan hmuh theih nan min pui dawn a ni.