Hmun eng tha tak a\angin pindan thim takah i kal thut mai ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. Thim zingah i mit a insiamrem theih nan hun rei tak a ngai a, mahse engmah i hmu thei lo a ni lawm ni? Chu chu thil pangngai a ni. Mahse mi thenkhat tan chuan an mit chu thim zingah a insiamrem theih nan hun rei tak a ngai a, a nih loh leh an hmu thei lo. Hei hi zan lama lirthei khalh emaw, êng hniam tak hnuaia hna thawh emaw hian harsatna lian tak a lo ni ta a ni. Vawiin hian he ‘zan lama mitdelna’ hi kan sawi dawn a, a nih loh leh a damdawi lam hming chu Nyctalopia a ni.
A awlsam zawngin ‘zan lama mitdel’ (Nyctalopia) tih hi eng nge ni?
Hriatthiam hmasak tur chu zan lama mitdel hi natna hran a ni lo tih hi a ni. A nihna takah chuan natna hnuaia awm dang chhinchhiahna a ni. A awlsam zawngin, êng tlem emaw, thim emawa chiang taka hmuh theih lohna a ni. Tin, êng inthlak danglam nghal (e.g., êng atanga thimah kal)-a mit insiamrem nghal vat theih lohna a kawk bawk. Mi thenkhat chuan naupang an nih laiin he natna hi an nei thei a, thenkhat erawh chuan puitling an nih laiin an nei thei thung.
Engtin nge thimah kan hmuh? I zawng chhuak ang u!
Hei hi hrethiam tur chuan thimah kan mit hnathawh dan hi tlem tal i neih a ngai a ni. Kan mit hi high-tech camera ang mai a ni. Hemi kawngah hian thim zinga kan hmuh theihna tura min puitu bulpui pahnih a awm a.
- Retina : Hei hi kan mit hnung lamah a awm a. Camera chhunga sensor awm ang mai a ni. Light hriat theihna cell chi hnih bik a nei a. Chungte chu cone leh rod te an ni.
- Cones: Hengte hian rawng leh chipchiar tak tak hmuh theihna turin min pui thin.
- Rods: Hengte hi kan thawnthua hero-te an ni. A chhan chu hengte hi thimah hmuh theihna tura min puitu ber cell te an ni. Kan retina-a light-sensitive cell 95% chu rods hian a siam a ni.
- Iris: Thim zingah ui mit a lian a, êngah a te zawk tih i hmu tawh em? Kan mit pawh hian chutiang bawk chu a nei ve tho. Iris a ni. Hei hi mit chhunga êng lut zat control tu, mitmeng (pupil) a ni. Thim zingah chuan a inhawng a, mitmeng chu a tizau a, mit chhungah êng tam zawk a lut thei bawk. Light-ah chuan a contract a, light awm zat a tihtlem phah a ni.
Chuvangin, heng rod cell te hian hna an thawk tha lo a nih chuan, emaw, mitmeng a lian tawk lo a nih chuan mit hian êng a hmu tlem hle. Chutah chuan thimah mit hmuhna a tichhe ta a ni.
Hetiang dinhmun a thlen chhan berte chu engte nge ni?
Zan lama mitdelna thlen thei thil tam tak a awm. Table awlsam takah han thlir ila. Chungte chu chi hnih ah then theih a ni: mit thlenga êng tling lo emaw, retina hnathawh that loh emaw.
| Chhan | A sawifiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Mit (cataract) a awm | Mit lens chu a chhum (cloudy) a, chu chuan mit chhunga êng lut chu a ti tlem a ni. Hei hi kan tar chhoh zel chuan a tam zawk. |
| Glaucoma natna (Glaucoma) a awm | Mit chhunga pressure sang lutuk avanga optic nerve chhiatna. Hei hian peripheral vision bakah night vision a nghawng thei bawk. |
| Vitamin A tlakchham vang a ni | Kan rod te hnathawh that nan Vitamin A hi a pawimawh hle. Taksain vitamin A a tlakchham chuan zan lama mit hmuhna a tichhe thin. Mite chu an taksa rihna tihtlem surgery (e.g. gastric bypass surgery) nei tawhte chu vitamin A lakluh a tlem avangin an hlauhawmna a sang hle. |
| Genetic natna thenkhat | Natna hmuh tur awm lo, rochun atanga lo chhuak, mit tichhe thei, Retinitis Pigmentosa , cone-rod dystrophy , leh congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) te pawh a awm. |
| Laser hmanga surgery thenkhat | Mi thenkhat chuan glasses lakchhuahna tur LASIK ang chi operation hnuah side effect angin zanah hmuh harsatna an tawk thei. |
Hei hi enkawl dan tur a awm em?
Awle! Thu lawmawm tak chu zan lama thawk hahna thlentu natna tam tak hi enkawl theih a ni . Enkawlna chu a chhan bulpuiah a innghat a ni.
Entir nan,If you have cataracts , operation awlsam tak hmangin lakchhuah theih a ni a, a dam vek thei bawk. Chumi hnuah chuan i mit hmuh dan pangngaiin a lo let leh ang. A chhan chu Vitamin A tlakchham vang a nih chuan doctor thurawn angin vitamin pill ei hian awlsam takin siamthat theih a ni.
Mahse, genetic diseases thenkhat , Retinitis Pigmentosa ang chi te hian tunah hian damdawi an la nei lo. Mahse, i doctor chuan a natna lan chhuah dan tur leh i nun awlsam zawka siam dan tur leh hmanraw hrang hrang a hrilh ang che.
Hei hi chhan tam tak a awm avangin i tih theih tha ber chu mit lam doctor, chu chu i doctor pan a, a chhan dik tak hriat chhuah hi a ni. Chumi hnuah chauh chuan i tana enkawl dan tur dik ber chu i ruat thei ang.
Enkawl loh chuan eng hlauhawmna nge awm?
Hei hi a hlauhawm ber leh a rang ber chu car accident a ni . Zanah lirthei i khalh hian kawngpuiah eng eng mawi tak tak te, hmalam lirthei headlight te nen a inzawm chuan i mit a ti harsa thei hle. Tin, tlai lamah êng a reh a, thim a tlak chuan hmuh theihna a tlahniam a, chuvangin kawngpuiah mi emaw rannung emaw hmuh loh leh accident thlen theihna chance a sang hle.
Chuvangin, zanah mitdelna tlem ber pawh i tawng a nih chuan, doctor i hmuh hma loh chuan zanah lirthei khalh emaw, machine hlauhawm tak tak hman emaw chu pumpelh rawh. Hei hi i himna atan leh midangte himna atan a pawimawh hle.
Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?
Hei hi in lama i hriat theih emaw, i enkawl theih emaw a ni lo. Zanah i mit hmuhna inthlak danglamna i hmuh chuan, emaw, êng atanga thimah i kal dawna hmuh harsatna i neih chuan, mit lam doctor hmuh chhan a ni ngei ang A chhan tam zawk hi a nasat loh laiin, a hmaa hriatchhuah leh enkawl hian nakin lawkah mit chhiatna nasa tak a awm loh nan a pui thei a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Nyctalopia hi natna hran a ni lo va, natna hnuaia awm dang chhinchhiahna a ni zawk.
- A chhan langsar ber chu mitdel, glaucoma, vitamin A tlakchhamna, leh genetic disease thenkhat te a ni.
- Thu lawmawm tak chu he natna thlentu tam tak hi hlawhtling taka enkawl theih a nih avangin hlauthawng suh.
- Zanah i mit lamah harsatna i neih chuan mit lam doctor (doctor) pan vat tur a ni.
- Nangmah leh mi dangte himna atan, damdawi lam thurawn dik tak i dawn hma chuan zan lama lirthei khalh ang chi thil hlauhawm tak takte chu pumpelh rawh.
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