Nang leh i chhungte hian inanna tam tak in nei a ni lawm ni? Mit blue, san zawng, leh natna hrang hrang asthma leh heart disease te hi thlah kal zelah a kai darh vek thei a ni. Chuvangin Type 1 diabetes i vei a nih chuan, "Hei hi ka rochun thil a ni em?" Tin, i fate pawhin he natna hi an vei dawn tih pawh tlem i hlau mai thei bawk. Hei hi hriat chian a pawimawh.
A hmasain Type 1 diabetes hi eng nge ni tih i hrethiam ang u?
A awlsam zawngin, Type 1 diabetes hi autoimmune disease a ni . Dad, chu chu a buaithlak deuhin a ri em? Okay, awlsam takin ka sawifiah ang. Kan ram humhalh tur sipai an awm tih han ngaihtuah teh. Chu sipai hna awm chhun chu pawn lam hmelma laka ram venhim hi a ni. Kan taksa pawhin chutiang bawka invenna system a nei ve bawk. Immune system kan ti a . A hna chu pawn lam hmelma hrik, virus, leh bacteria, natna thlentu leh hrisel taka min enkawltu te hriatchhuah leh tihchhiat hi a ni.
Mahse, he autoimmune natnaah hian keimahni defence system chu tlem a ‘dik lo’ a, mahni cell tha leh hnam dang hmelma te chu a thliar hrang thei lo. Kan sipai ngeiin kan ram chhunga mi sual lo bei ang mai a ni.
Type 1 diabetes-ah chuan he immune system tihsual hian kan pancreas-a cell chi khat, beta cells tih chu a bei thin. Heng beta cells te hi kan taksa tana pawimawh tak hormone insulin siamtu an ni. Insulin hi kan eitur atanga sugar (glucose) la chhuakin cell-ah a thawn lut a, chakna ah a chantir thin. Chuvangin immune system hian heng beta cells te hi a tihchhiat chuan insulin siamchhuah chu a tawp vek a ni. Chutah chuan Type 1 diabetes a lo awm ta a ni.
Chuti a nih chuan engtin nge generation hi he thil nen hian a inzawm?
Ni e, Type 1 diabetes hi chhungkaw hrang hrangah a kal thin. Chu chu genetic link engemaw zat a awm tihna a ni. I nu, i pa, i unaupa, i farnu, i fate hian Type 1 diabetes an vei a nih chuan, chutiang natna nei chhungkaw member nei lo mi aiin a let 15 velin he natna hi i vei tam zawk a ni.
Mahse hei hi hre reng ang che: He thu i hriat hian hlauthawng suh. Natna hi a let 15-a i kai tam zawk vang mai mai chuan i vei ngei ang tihna a ni lo.
Mak tak maiin, Type 1 diabetes vei zinga 85% emaw, mi sawm zinga pariat aia tam emaw chuan chhungkaw history-ah he natna hi an nei lo . Tin, chhungkuaa tu emaw hian he natna hi nei mahse midangte vei theihna chance a tlem hle bawk.
Chuti a nih chuan engtin nge hetiang hi a thlen theih? Genetics chauh a ni em?
Ni lo, a pawimawh ber chu, genes chauh hi a chhan a ni lo.. Genes hi silai mu hmin theih tura inpeih ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh. Mahse a kang theih nan chuan pawn lam meialh a mamawh a ni. Chu spark chu ‘environmental factors’ kan tih chu a ni.
Doctor leh scientist-te chuan he ‘spark’ hi eng nge a nih chiah tih hriat tumin an la bei mek a ni. Viral infection emaw, kan ei tur a thil awm emaw, environment factor dang emaw pawh a ni thei. Chuvangin, mi pakhatin Type 1 diabetes a vei theih nan chuan natna veitu genes a neih a ngai a, chu genes tichhuaktu environmental factor pakhatah a inhriat a ngai bawk. Heng thil pahnih hi a inzawm khawm chuan immune system chu a kal a, beta cells te chu a bei tan ta a ni.
Type 1 diabetes nena inzawm genes te chu engte nge ni?
Scientist-te chuan Type 1 diabetes nena inzawm genetic mutations chungchangah zirchianna nasa tak an nei mek a ni. Heng gene tam tak hian kan immune system hnathawh dan a nghawng a ni. Chung zinga pawimawh ber pakhat chu HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) genes hi a ni . Heng HLA genes te hi immune system te chu "kan cell leh ram dang cell" te thliar hrang tura zirtirtu an ni. Chuvangin heng HLA genes-ah hian chhiatna a awm a nih chuan immune system hian he inthliarna hi a siam tha thei lo.
Heng HLA genes te hi chi hrang hrangah an inthen leh ta a ni. Hemi chungchang hi a hnuaia table atang hian awlsam takin i hmu thei ang.
| Gene chi hrang hrang | Type 1 Diabetes-a nghawng a neih dan |
|---|---|
| HLA-DR2 hmanga siam a ni | Type 1 diabetes lakah eng emaw chen a venghim niin a lang. |
| HLA-DR3 emaw HLA-DR4 emaw a ni thei | Type 1 diabetes vei theihna a tipung a , a bik takin mipa hring zingah a tipung. |
| HLA-DR7 a ni | Mihring dumte chu an hlauhawmna a sang zawk tih hmuhchhuah a ni . |
| HLA-DR9 hmanga siam a ni | Japan mipuite tana hlauhawmna tipungtu nia hriat a ni. |
Chu bâkah, taksain insulin siam tûra hrilhtu INS gene-a danglamna ṭhenkhat chu Type 1 diabetes nen pawh a inzawm thei bawk.
Tunah hian heng genetic test te hi research level-ah tih a ni tlangpui. Hemi chungchang hi hriat belh i duh emaw, i chhungkaw chanchin chungchangah harsatna i neih chuan i doctor nen zalen taka inbiakna neih a tha ber .
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Type 1 diabetes hi natna hrik (immune system) a chhiatna (autoimmune disease) avanga lo awm a ni a, rochun atanga lo chhuak a ni lo.
- Type 1 diabetes vei chhungkaw member neih hian natna kai theihna a tipung a, mahse , nangmah emaw, i fa emaw chuan he natna hi i vei dawn tihna a ni hauh lo.
- Type 1 diabetes vei tam zawk (85%) vel chu chhungkaw history-ah he natna hi an nei lo.
- Natna lo awm tur hian genetic predisposition leh environmental trigger pahnih a ngai a ni.
- I chhungkaw history-a zunthlum vei emaw, i fate hlauhawmna emaw chungchangah ngaihtuahna emaw rinhlelhna emaw i neih chuan i doctor nen sawiho la, thurawn dik tak la rawh.
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