Midang aiin rawng i hmu tha zawk em? Tetrachromacy chungchang hi han sawi ila!

Rainbow rawng pasarih aiin rawng tam zawk i hmu thei ang em tih i ngaihtuah ngai em? A nih loh leh, i thianpa nen hian kawr rawng chungchangah in inhnial ngai em, "Ni lo, ni lo, hei hi he rawng hi a ni," emaw, "Aw, ni lo, hei hi chu rawng chu a ni?" Chutiang a nih chuan superpower hmuh tur awm lo tak, special tak i nei mai thei. Vawiin hian hetiang taka danglam taka rawng hmuh theihna chungchang kan sawi dawn a ni. Hei hi tetrachromacy kan ti a.

Tetrachromacy chu eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, tetrachromacy hi hmeichhe thenkhatah chauh awm thin, color vision condition awm lo, sensitive tak a ni. Natna a ni lo, trait a ni.

Kan mit chhungah hian retina an tih peng pakhat a awm a. Light hriat theihna cell chi hrang hrang a awm a. Hengte hi photoreceptor kan ti a. Heng cell te hi chi hnih a awm a. Pakhat chu cones a ni a, pakhat chu rods a ni. Rod hian dum leh var leh light hniam takah pawh kan hmu thei a. Cone hian rawng hmuhna kawngah mawhphurtu ber a ni.

A tlangpuiin kan mit ah hian cone cell chi thum kan nei vek a. Heng pathum hmang hian rawng maktaduai khat vel kan thliar hrang thei a, kan hre thei bawk.

Mahse, tetrachromacy nei te hian an mit ah cone cell chi li an nei a. Chu cone cell palina avang chuan rawng maktaduai za tam tak an hmu thei a, chu chu mi pangngai aiin a let za vel zetin a tam zawk a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, kan hmuh rawng sen avang chauh hian rawng hrang hrang sang tam tak an hmu thei a ni.

He cone cell palina hian engtin nge hna a thawh?

A hmasain, kan zavaia kan neih tlangpui cone cell chi thum hi han en ila.

• Red-sensitive (L-cones): Hengte hi ‘L’ (Long) cone an ti a, a chhan chu red hian wavelength a sei zawk a ni.
• Green-sensitive (M-cones): Hengte hi hmuh theih spectrum lai takah an awm avangin ‘M’ (Medium) cone an ti a.
• Sensitive to blue (S-cones): Hengte hi ‘S’ (Short) cone an ti a, a chhan chu blue hian wavelength tawi a neih vang a ni.

Tetrachromacy nei chuan heng chi thum bakah hian cone cell chi lina a nei a. Hei hi a tlangpuiin red leh green, emaw orange inkar range-ah a sensitive zawk. He extra cone cell hi genetic mutation avanga lo awm a ni .

Tunah chuan i ngaihtuah mai thei, engtin nge cone cell pakhat chauh extra hmangin rawng tam tak i hmuh theih ang? I lemziak lai kha han mitthla teh. Primary color pathum (red, blue, green) i nei a. Rangkai tam tak i siam thei a, chu chu i pawlh khawm a ni. Tunah chuan primary color palina (yellow, entirnan) nei ta la, rawng thar engzat nge i siam theih ang? Chu chu thluaka thil thleng a ni. Extra cone cell atanga information lo chhuak chu cone cell dang atanga information lo chhuak nen a inzawm khawm a, thluak hian rawng hrang hrang khawvel chipchiar tak a siam a ni.

Engvangin nge hetiang hi hmeichhiaah chauh a thleng fo thin?

Hei hi a ngaihnawm ber a ni. Hei hi a chhan chu kan chromosomes nen a inzawm tlat a ni.

Red leh green hmuh theihna tura min puitu cone cells control tu gene hi X chromosome ah a awm a .

I hriat angin mipa hian X chromosome pakhat leh Y chromosome pakhat (XY) a nei a. Chuvangin, chu X chromosome pakhata chu gene chu a inthlak a nih chuan a red/green cone cell zawng zawng chu a danglam vek ang. Chuvang chuan mipa hian color blindness an nei tam zawk.

Mahse, hmeichhia hian X chromosome pahnih (XX) an nei a. Chuvangin, X chromosome pakhat chuan gene pangngai a nei thei a, X chromosome dang chuan mutated gene a nei thei bawk. Chutiang a nih chuan hmeichhe mit hian mutated gene avanga cone cell pangngai leh extra cone cell te pawh a siam thei a ni. Hmeichhia 12% velin he gene hi an nei a ni.

1. Cone cell palina chu frequency danglam takah a sensitive tur a ni: Cone cell thar hian cone cell dangte nen a rawng inang a sensitive a nih chuan thluak hian information dang a dawng lovang. Chuvangin danglamna a awm dawn lo.

2. Thluak hian color channel pali a mamawh a: Mihring thluak hi a tlangpuiin color channel pathum hmanga information process thei tura siam a ni. Chuvangin cone cell palina awm mahse, thluak hian chu information dawng tur channel palina a neih loh chuan chu extra ability chu a hmang tangkai thei lo.

Chuvangin, he super color vision nei hi an tlem hle hle.

Chuvangin, he theihna hi i nei em tih hriat nan online test i nei thei lo em ni?

Internet-ah "Tetrachromacy i nei em?" test tam tak i hmu ang. Mahse an zinga pakhat mah hi a tak tak an ni lo .

A chhan chu a awlsam hle. I phone, tablet emaw computer-a screen hi color channel pathum chauh hmanga siam a ni a, chungte chu Red, Green, leh Blue (RGB) pixels te an ni. Chuvangin, color channel pathum chauh hmanga screen-ah hian color channel pali hmanga i mit test theih a ni lo.

Tetrachromacy test dik tak chu scientist-te chuan laboratory-ah an ti a, high-tech, hmanraw man to tak tak , DNA testing, leh controlled light environment hmangin an ti thin.

Tetrachromacy nei mi chuan khawvel hi engtin nge a hmuh?

Hei hi kan hriat chian har tak a ni. A chhan chu rawng hi subjective experience a nih vang a ni. Red anga i hmuh hi ka hmuh ang chiah a ni lo. A danglamna tlem a awm.

Mahse number hmanga i en chuan hetah hian a danglamna chu a awm.

He chart hi i en chuan a danglamna chu i hmu thei a ni lawm ni? Thiamna mak tak a ni tak zet a ni. Hêng mite hian mi pangngai aia pangpar, lemziak, a nih loh leh ni tlak laiah hian rawng chi hrang hrang a let sâng tam takin an tawng thei a ni.

Chuvangin he theihna hi i nei tih i rinhlelh chuan, finfiah harsa tak ni mahse, khawvel i hmuh hi a rawng a rawng a ni tih hi hlim takin awm rawh. Thilsiam thilpek bik a ni tak zet a ni. I rawng hmuh danah harsatna emaw, inthlak danglamna emaw i neih chuan i doctor, a bik takin mit surgeon hnenah sawipui a tha ber .