I naute genes chungchang hi tlem i ngaihtuah em? Trisomy chungchang hi han sawi ila!

"Trisomy" tih thumal hi i hre tawh mai thei a, i doctor pawhin a sawi tawh mai thei bawk. He thu i hriat hian tlem a hlauhthawn leh hriat duhna i neih hi thil pangngai a ni. Trisomy tih hi eng nge ni? Engvangin nge a lo awm? Engtin nge naute chu a nghawng ang? I hriatthiam theih tur awlsam takin i sawi vek ang u.

Trisomy chu eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin...

Kan taksa hi cell te tak te maktaduai tam tak atanga siam niin han ngaihtuah teh. Cell tin chhungah chuan chu cell control center ang chi hmun a awm a, chu chu nucleus kan ti a ni. Chu nucleus chhungah chuan `Chromosomes` tih thilte a awm a. Chûngte chu lehkhabu ang mai an ni. Kan taksa chanchin zawng zawng, mi dangte aia min danglamna (chang, rawng, sam rawng, mit rawng) te hi chromosome an tih lehkhabuah hian a inziak vek a ni. He thu hi `DNA` kan tih hi a ni.

A tlangpuiin mi hrisel cell tin hian heng chromosome pahnih pair 23 an nei vek a. Chu chu a vaiin chromosome 46 a ni. Chung zinga a chanve, 23 chu kan nu hnen atanga lo chhuak a ni a, a chanve dang, 23 chu kan pa hnen atanga lo chhuak a ni.

Tunah chuan, trisomy tih awmzia chu hetiang hi a ni: A châng chuan, chu chromosome pair pakhat bâkah, chromosome dang pawh dah belh a ni. Tichuan chromosome zawng zawng chu 46 ni lovin 47 a lo ni ta a, "Tri" tih hian pathum a kawk a, "somy" tih hian taksa ang deuh a kawk a ni. Chuvangin, trisomy chu pahnih awm tur hmuna chromosome pathum neih mai a ni.

He extra chromosome nei naute hi full-term-in piang thei mah se, a chang chuan naupai thla thum chhungin nau a pai thei a ni.

Trisomy chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

Doctor-te chuan he trisomy condition hi eng chromosome pair-ah nge extra chromosome a awm tih a zirin an diagnose thin a, chromosome pair tin hian kan taksaah hian chanvo bik an neih avangin naute genetic condition chu extra chromosome dahna hmun a zirin a danglam ang.

Trisomy natna vei tam ber chu:

• Trisomy 21 : Hei hi Down syndrome tia kan hriat vek a ni . Chromosome pair 21-naah hian extra chromosome a awm a.
• Trisomy 18 : Hei hi Edward syndrome an ti bawk .
• Trisomy 13 : Hei hi Patau syndrome an ti a .

Chutiang bawkin kan genetic makeup-a chromosome pahnih 23-na hian kan sex a hril a ni. Chungte chu hmeichhia tan `XX` an ti a, mipa tan `XY` an ti bawk. Cell inthen darh hian heng sex chromosomes-ah hian thil dik lo a awm thei bawk a, chu chuan trisomies a thlen thei a ni. Chungte entirnan:

• Trisomy X (`Trisomy X` emaw `XXX` emaw) a ni.
• Klinefelter natna (`Klinefelter natna` emaw `XXY` emaw) a ni.
• Jacob-a natna (`Jacob-a natna` emaw `XYY` emaw) a ni.

He trisomy natna hian tute nge a nghawng tam ber?

Dik tak chuan trisomy hi naupai lai eng stage-ah pawh a awm thei. Mahse, hmeichhia kum 35 chunglam naupai a nih chuan a hlauhawmna a sang deuh tih hmuhchhuah a ni . Mahse, mak tak maiin trisomy vei nausen piang tam zawk hi nu leh pa kum 35 hnuai lam atanga piang an ni a, hei hi a chhan chu, statistically speaking, naute tam zawk hi kum 35 hnuai lam atanga piang an nih vang a ni.

A pawimawh ber: Trisomy hi nu emaw, pa emaw sualna avanga thleng a ni lo. Genetic change, random taka lo thleng a ni.

Trisomy hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?

Trisomy chi khat awm tam ber chu trisomy 21, a nih loh leh Down syndrome a ni. Entîr nân, United States-ah ringawt pawh hian kum tin Down syndrome nei naute 6,000 vêl an piang a. Chu chu naute 700 zinga pakhat vel a ni.

Naupai laiin trisomy natna lan chhuah dan engte nge ni?

I naupai ultrasound scan neih chhung hian i doctor chuan trisomy chhinchhiahna a zawng ang. A chhinchhiahna thenkhat chu:

• Naute vel tui (amniotic fluid) hi a tlem hle.
• Naute umbilical cord hian artery awm zat pangngai aiah artery pakhat chauh a nei a.
• Placenta chu a tlangpui aia te zawk.
• Naute che vel (squirming) chu a tlem deuh niin a lang.
• Naute chu a kum tak tak aiin a te zawkin a lang.
• Taksa lama danglamna thenkhat, entirnan, thinlung lama harsatna thenkhat emaw, hmui cleft emaw.

Nausen pian hnua a lan chhuah dante chu engte nge ni?

Naute hian a natna lan chhuah dan chu trisomy chi hrang hrang a zirin a inang lo thei. A lan chhuah dan tlangpui thenkhat chu:

• A tlangpui aia tawi zawk (short stature).
• Hmai zungbun leh hmai zau tak.
• Mitmengah chuan a slanted hmel hle.
• Cleft palate a awm.
• Internal organs (thinlung, lung, kal ang chi) malformation emaw, an hnathawh danah harsatna a awm emaw.
• Hmasawnna tlai leh rilru lama harsatna nei te.

Engvangin nge he trisomy hi a lo awm? Science lam hawi taka sawifiahna...

Kan taksaa chromosome awmte hi a inthlak dan tur chiang takin siam a ni. Hetianga cell awm dan hi tu nge kan nih tih "blueprint" ang mai a ni. Reproductive organs cell siam a nih chuan (mipaah ​​sperm, hmeichhiaah egg) chu fertilized cell pakhat atanga tan a ni. Chumi hnuah he cell hian meiosis an tih process a paltlang leh thin. Hei hi cell pakhat chu vawi hnih a inthen a, cell pali a siamna hmun a ni. Cell thar tin hian original cell-a DNA awm zat chanve, a nih loh leh chromosome 23 an nei vek a ni.

Hei hi cell inthen darhna (meiosis) kalphung a ni., A châng chuan cell-te chu a inṭhen darh dik lo thei bawk. Chutiang a nih chuan cell copy dang a lo thleng a, chromosome pahnih a zawm ta a ni. A tlangpuiin pair khatah chromosome pahnih a awm tur a ni. Mahse hetah hian chromosome pathumna a lo piang a, chu pair chu a zawm ta a ni. Chu chu trisomy an ti a.

Trisomy hi naupai lai hian a awm thin . Hei hi random event a ni a, naupai lai a nu thil tih avanga lo awm a ni lo. Mahse, kan sawi tawh ang khan kum 35 hnua naupai tan chuan a hlauhawmna a sang deuh hlek a ni.

Engtin nge trisomy hi an hriat theih?

Naupai laiin genetic testing hian trisomy awm leh awm loh hriat theihna a pe thei a ni. Naute a pian hnuah taksa enfiahna leh naute thisen sample hmanga genetic chromosome test dang hmangin a dinhmun chu finfiah a ni.

Trisomy hmuhchhuah nan eng test nge hman thin?

Naupai lai hian i doctor chuan i nu thisen sample lak leh scan a order mai thei. Sawi tawh ang khan scan hian naute chhehvela tui tam lutuk, nuchal lucency , leh naute ke leh ke sei zawng ang chi thil a zawng ang. Chungte chu genetic abnormality chhinchhiahna a ni thei.

Heng basic test te hnuah hian a natna finfiah nan test chiang zawk a awm a:

• Chorionic villus sampling (CVS): Naupai atanga kar 10 leh kar 13 inkar ah hian nausen atanga cell sample te tak te lakchhuah a ni a, chu chuan genetic condition leh naute sex test a ni.
• Amniocentesis: Naupai kar 15 leh kar 20 inkarah naute chhehvel amniotic fluid sample tlemte lak a ni a, hriselna lama harsatna awm thei a awm leh awm loh enfiah thin a ni.
• Percutaneous umbilical blood sampling (PUBS): Naute umbilical cord atanga thisen sample te tak te lak a, naute hriselna endik a ni.
• Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT): Naupai atanga kar 10 hnuah nu thisen sample lak a ni a, naute hian genetic abnormalities a nei em tih enfiah a ni.

Trisomy natna hi engtin nge enkawl a nih?

Trisomy hi dam chhung zawnga natna a ni. Chuvangin, he natna nena inzawm symptoms te tihziaawm nan hun rei tak enkawl a ngai a ni. Trisomy vei naupang piangte enkawlnaah chuan:

• Taksa dik lo siam\hat nan surgery neih a ni.
• Zirna lama tanpuina pek .
• Thusawi, nungchang leh taksa lam enkawlna .
• Hun kal zelah damdawi lam thil dang lo awm thei symptoms control nana damdawi.

Trisomy vei theihna tihziaawm theih dan a awm em?

Dik tak chuan trisomy ang chi genetic conditions hi a veng thei lo. Chromosomal defect hi cell inthen darh laiin random takin a awm avangin, a hnuaia mi ang hian i tih hian genetic condition nei fa neih theihna i tihtlem thei ang:

• Kum 35 chunglam i nih chuan naupai hlauhawmna hriatthiam.
• Naupai hmaa genetic screening neih thin a ni.
• Zuk leh hmuam leh zu hman loh.
• Ei leh in inthlau tak ei a, exercise neih fo la, i hriselna enkawl rawh.

He trisomy hian engtin nge ka naute hi a nghawng ang?

Extra chromosome hian naute "blueprint" a tihdanglam avangin nausen piangsual ( hmel lan dan danglam tak ang chi) leh rilru lama harsatna a thlen thei a ni. Trisomy 12 vei naupang tam tak chuan an natna an hriat hnuah hriselna lama harsatna dang (beng natna, thinlung natna, leh sleep apnea te ang chi) an nei ang. Mahse, enkawl ṭhat a nih chuan i fa chu nun hlim tak leh hlim takin a nung thei a ni .

Mahse, naute Trisomy 18 emaw Trisomy 13 ang chi natna neia piangte chu an dam chhung kar hmasa ber (nausen piang hun chhung) hnuah an dam rei theihna chance a hniam zawk a, hei hi an natna a nasat em avangin (a bik takin taksa peng hrang hrangte hmasawnna a tlai emaw, a danglam emaw a ni). I doctor chuan i naute hriselna a zirchiang ang a, heng natna neia piang naute dam rei theihna tur enkawlna a pe ang.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

Trisomy side effect pakhat chu nau pai theihna a ni . Hei hi naupai thla thum hmasa berah a thleng tlangpui. Nau pai chhinchhiahna (a hnuaia tarlan) i neih chuan doctor pan nghal rawh:

• Pum hnuai lam na, cramping.
• Lower back na a awm.
• Pum natna.
• Thisen chhuak tlem emaw, thisen chhuak nasa emaw.
• Khawsik leh khawsik nei.

Doctor hnena zawh tur pawimawhte chu engte nge ni?

Hemi chungchanga zawhna dang i neih chuan i doctor zawh hreh suh. Zawhna i zawh theih ṭhenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Engtin nge trisomy ang chi genetic condition nei fa neih theihna tur risk ka tihtlem theih ang?
• Ka naute hian genetic condition a neih leh neih loh finfiah nan eng prenatal test nge i rawt?
• Trisomy ka vei tih hmuhchhuah hnuah naupai hlawhtling tak ka nei thei ang em?

Trisomy leh Monosomy hi eng nge an danglamna?

Heng pahnih hi genetic condition an ni.

• Trisomy chu chromosome pakhat extra copy awmna a ni.
• Monosomy chu chromosome pakhat copy pakhat awm lohna (i.e., chromosome pakhat hloh) a ni.

Heng genetic condition pahnih hi cell inthen darh laia genetic mutation lo awm vang a ni. Hetiang thil dik lo hi cell inthen darh lai hian a awm lo thei lo.

Kan sawiho tawh atanga hriat reng tur (Take-Home Message) .

Trisomy ang chi genetic abnormalities ven theih a nih loh avangin naupai i tum a nih chuan i doctor nen genetic testing chungchang sawi la, genetic condition nei fa i neih theihna tur i ngaihtuah ang.

Naupai laiin trisomy condition i nei tih hmuhchhuah a nih chuan hlauthawng suh. Nang leh i naute chu hrisel tak, nun hlim taka awm theih nan tanpuina leh hmanraw tam tak a awm a ni. Genetic counseling hian i naute dinhmun hriatthiamna a pe thei che a, a lo puitlin huna an mamawh enkawlna leh puihna a pe thei bawk. Nangmah chauh i ni lo tih hre reng ang che.

` Trisomy, chromosomes, genes, Down syndrome, naupai, genetic testing, Patau syndrome, Edward syndrome