I vision chu eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin sawi ila!

He khawvel mawi tak hi kan mitin kan hmu a, kan hrethiam vek a ni lawm ni? Ngaihtuah teh, zing kan thawh atanga zan mut thlengin thil engzat nge kan hmuh? Hetiang thil hmuh leh hriatthiam theihna hi vision an ti a . Thil awlsam mai a ni lo va, thil mak tak a ni. Chuvangin vawiinah hian vision chu eng nge a nih, engtin nge a lo awm tih leh kan mit enkawl dan tur kan sawiho ang u.

Inlarna chu eng nge ni tak tak?

A awlsam zawngin, vision chu i mit leh thluak inzawmkhawma i chhehvela thil awm atanga êng rawn lang chhuak hmanga thil hmuh theihna tur a ni. Kan hriatna bulpui panga zinga pakhat a ni. Mi tam zawk chuan he mit hmuhna hmang hian khawvel hi an hrethiam a, an hre chiang hle.

He thil hmuhnawm an tih hi engtin nge a lo awm? A mak khawp mai!

I mitin êng a hriat a, nerve signal-ah a chantir a, i mit nerve kaltlangin i thluaka a thawn chhuah aṭangin mit hmuhna a inṭan a ni . Chumi hnuah thluak chuan heng signal te hi a la a, a hrilhfiah a, i hmuh angin a chantir ta a ni. A buaithlak hmel hle mai, a dik em? Tlem han ti chhe deuh ila.

I mit: Camera te tak te pahnih ang an ni em?

Miten mit chu camera nen an tehkhin fo tih i hre tawh ngei ang. Mahse a takah chuan a lehlam a ni. Camera hi mihring mit ang chiaha siam, technology chi khat a ni.

Camera chhunga sensor bik pakhatah êng focus thei lens nei camera han mitthla teh. Chu sensor chuan êng chu electrical signal-ah a chantir a ni. Chumi hnuah chuan camera chhunga computer te tak te chuan chu signal chu image-ah a chantir ta a ni. Camera focus i control thei bawk. Camera thenkhatah chuan sensor-a light engzat nge a tlak tih pawh i control thei bawk.

I mit pawh hian lens a nei bawk. Heng lens te hian êng chu an focus a, mit hnung lama awm retina -ah an hruai a ni. Retina hi camera-a sensor ang mai a ni a, mahse a buaithlak zawk a, a hmasawn zawk bawk. Retina-a êng tla chu nerve signal-ah a inthlak a, thluak lamah a thawn chhuak a ni. Hei hi second khatah vawi eng emaw zat a thleng thin!

Chu camera-te thiltihtheihna bik, light focus leh control-na chu i mit hian automatic-in a ti thei a ni . I mit chhunga pupil chu a dilate thei a, a constrict thei bawk a, chu chuan i mit chhunga êng lut zat a control thei a ni. Hei bakah hian i mit lens control tu muscle a awm bawk. Heng muscle te hi light rays te focus tir theitu an ni a, chutiang chuan thil hlat zawng hrang hrangah chiang takin i hmu thei a ni.

Retina: Eng man theihna hmun mak tak a ni!

I retina hi cell chi khat specialized tak, sensitive tak a ni. Chungte chu photoreceptor an ti a., chu chu "light-sensing cells" tihna a ni. Heng cell-te chunga êng a tlak hian chu cell chhungah chuan chemical leh electrical reaction a awm a. Chutiang chuan chu cell te chuan êng chu an hmuchhuak a, encoded nerve signal-ah an chantir ta a ni.

Heng light-sensitive cells (photoreceptors) te hi chi hnih lian tak an awm a:

• Rods: Hengte hi light intensity inthlak danglamna hriatchhuahna atana mawhphurtu ber an ni. Rods hi êng hniam takah, i.e. hmun thim takah thil hmuh theihna tura puitu a ni.
• Cones: Heng photoreceptor te hi an sensitive zawk a, details fin zawk leh rawng hrang hrang an hmu thei bawk.

Heng encoded nerve signals te hi image ah an chantir hnu chuan retina chuan chu signal te chu i optic nerves ah a thawn chhuak thin.

Optic nerves: Thluak lama thuchah thlentu cable te!

I optic nerve te hi data kengtu cable ang mai a ni. I retina chu i thluak hmun hrang hrangah an thlunzawm a ni. Chu signal te chu optic nerve-ah a kal a, i thluak hmun hrang hrangah a thleng a, chutah chuan decode leh process a ni.

Thluak: Thlalak siamna hmun!

Step hnuhnung ber leh pawimawh ber chu i thluak ah a thleng thin. Thluak hian optic nerve-a lo kal encoded signals te chu a la a, a decode thin. Chumi hnuah chuan chu decoded information chu hmangin mit tin tan "image" a siam ta a ni.

I thil hmuh dan azirin thluak hmun hrang hrangte chuan chu lem chu a taka hrethiam turin an thawk ho thin. Entirnan, he sentence hi i chhiar hian tawng hriatthiamna leh hriatrengna hriatrengna atana puitu thluak peng hrang hrangte pawh a thawk chhuak bawk. Chutiang chuan heng thute hi i hrethiam thei a, a awmzia i hre reng thei a, chubakah a nena inzawm hriatrengna i tiharh thei bawk. Ngaihtuah teh, kawngpuiah i ṭhian pakhat i hmuh chuan, i mit chuan a lem a man a, i thluak lamah a thawn hnuah, i thluak chuan a hrechiang a, "Aw, hei hi Amal a ni lawm ni?" leh hriatrengna inzawm zawng zawng (i biak tawh, i nuihpui tawhte) nen a inmil vek bawk.

Eng damdawi lam dinhmun nge kan mit a nghawng thei?

Hmuh theihna hian taksa peng hrang hrang leh insiam dan hrang hrang tam tak thawk ho turin a mamawh a ni. Chuvangin, dinhmun hrang hrang hian heng hmun hrang hrangte hi a nghawng thei a ni. Thil awmdan thenkhat chuan hmun khat aia tam a nghawng thei.

I mit hmuhna tichhe thei dinhmun entir nan hetiang hi a ni:

• Mit kaihhnawih natna: Entirnan, mitdel, mittui tlakna (glaucoma).
• Retina leh optic nerve nena inzawm natna: Entirnan, diabetic retinopathy leh optic neuritis.
• Thluak kaihhnawih natna: Entirnan, Stroke vanga mit a tlakchham, thluaka natna hrik vanga mit a tlakchham.

Hengte hi hlau suh, fimkhur a pawimawh. Hrilhfiahna i hmuh chuan damdawi lam thurawn lak a tha ber.

"Vision" leh "Sight" hi thil hrang hrang pahnih a ni em?

Mi tam tak, mithiam leh scientist te pawhin "vision" leh "sight" tih thumal hi an hmang dun a ni. Mahse, thil inang an ni lo. Thil hmuh tak tak lovin (entir nan, i rilruah lem siamin) i hmuh theihna chu i hmang thei ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. Tin, thluak dinhmun pawh a awm a, chutah chuan i thluak hian i mit hmuh chu a process thei lo.

Hei hi tlem tal sawifiah tur chuan:

Mit hmuh hi taksa chakna mai angin ngaihtuah rawh . Chu chu i mit hian êng a hmuchhuak a, electrical leh chemical signal-ah a chantir a, i thluak lamah a thawn chhuak tihna a ni.

Vision hian i mit atanga signal lo chhuakte process theihna a mamawh a ni. Chutiang processing tel lo chuan i mitin i thluak a signal a thawn te chu a tangkai lo.

Heng pahnih hi a hrana ngaihtuah chu thil mak tak angin lang mah se, thluak dinhmun, mit hmuhna tichhe lo, mit hmuhna tichhe thei a awm. Entirna pakhat chu visual agnosia an tih hi a ni. Visual agnosia nei chuan a hmu thei a, chu chu a mit a tha tihna a ni a, mahse an thluak chuan a thil hmuh chu a hrethiam thei lo va, a hre thei lo bawk. Entirnan, banana an hmuh chuan banana a ni tih an hre thei lo mai thei. Condition bik dang chu Prosopagnosia a ni. Hetiang dinhmun nei te hian mi hmel an hmu thei a, mahse tu nge an nih an hre thei lo. Mahni chhungte emaw, \hiante emaw hmel an hre thei lo mai thei. Mak a ni lo maw?

Engtin nge ka mit hi ka humhim ang a, ka vawng reng ang?

I mit hlu tak humhim leh vawng reng turin thil engemaw zat i tih theih a awm. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• I mit enfiah fo rawh: Mi zawng zawng hian an mit enfiah fo tur a ni , mit hmuh dan pangngai (20/20) nei pawhin . Mit enfiahna hian harsatna i hriat loh emaw, i hmuh loh emaw pawh a hmu thei a ni. Refractive errors , nearsightedness (Myopia) emaw farsightedness (Hyperopia) ang chi te hian hun kal zelah mit hmuhna a tichhe thei a ni. Chuvangin a tir lamah chuan i hre lo mai thei. Mit enfiah hian heng harsatnate hi i hriat hmain a man thei a ni.

• I mit venhim: Mit chhiatna thlen theihna hmuna mit venna hman a pawimawh hle. Safety goggles emaw glasses , face mask emaw shield emaw hian hei hi a pui thei a ni. Entirnan, in lama welding emaw, thing i tan emaw, vacuum emaw i tih chuan hengte hi a pawimawh hle. Sunglass hi mit venna tha tak a ni bawk. UV rays tha lo laka i mit an venghim thin.A venghim thei. Sri Lanka rama ni a khauh em avangin sunglass hman a tha hle.

• I ei leh in enkawl dan: I mit hian a hnathawh that theih nan vitamin leh nutrient thenkhat a mamawh a. Hemi chungchanga zawhna i neih chuan i chhungkaw doctor emaw mit lam doctor emaw i zawt thei ang. Ei leh in inthlau tak ei hi a pawimawh hle.

• Taksa tihchak hi dah pawimawh ber rawh: I mit hriselna hi i hriselna zawng zawng lantir a ni. Exercise neih fo leh active taka awm hian i mit (leh i taksa pum) a hrisel theih nan a pui thei a ni.

• Zuk leh hmuam hman loh tur: Meizial zuk te, vaping te, meikhu tel lo hman te hian i hriselna leh mit hmuhna kawngah nghawng tha lo tak a nei thei a ni. Heng thilte hi bansan emaw, tan ngai lo emaw hian danglamna nasa tak a thlen thei a ni.

• I mit hmuhna lama inthlak danglamna rapthlak tak emaw, mitdelna emaw i neih chuan damdawi lam pan nghal la, tihkhawtlai suh: Hengte hi harsatna lian zawk vaukhânna chhinchhiahna a ni thei. Sudden, beisei loh taka mit hmuhna hloh hi damdawi lam pan chhan a ni. Damdawi lam harsatna i neih chuan mit a tidanglam nghal thei a nih chuan i doctor emaw mit lam doctor emaw chuan engtikah nge enkawlna bik i zawn tur tih a hrilh ang che.

A pawimawh ber chu i mit enkawl hi a ni. Tlemte inthlak danglamna i hmuh chuan ngaihthah suh.

Thupui: Thil hriat reng tur

Mi tam tak tan chuan mit hmuh hi nitin an hman sense pawimawh ber a ni. Thiltihtheihna awlsam tak angin lang mah se, a takah chuan kan taksaa thil kalphung buaithlak ber pawl a ni. I mit hmuhna a thawk tha tur chuan i mit peng tin, retina, optic nerves, leh thluak te pawh hi a thawk ho vek tur a ni.

Vanneihthlak takin heng mit hlu tak takte venhimna leh vawnhimna tur hian thil tam tak i tih theih a awm. Tichuan, i hmuh theih leh hmuh theih loh ngaihtuah ai chuan, i thil hmuh duhte chu nuam i ti thei ang. Chuvangin, vawiin atang hian i mit enkawl tan rawh!

` Mit, mit, mit, thluak, mit nerve, mit (retina), mit venna, mit hriselna