I bulah pawh hian mit hmuhna (blurry vision) i nei em? Hyperopia chungchang hi i zir vek ang u!

I hnaih ber thilte, entîr nân, chanchinbu i chhiar lai te, i phone-a thuziak tê tê i en lai te, a nih loh leh zungbun thread i tum lai emaw hian a bluak deuh niin i hmu fo em? Mahse mak tak maiin hla taka thil i hmuh hian harsatna awm lovin chiang takin i hmu thei a ni lawm ni? Chutiang a nih chuan vawiin a kan sawi tur dinhmun hi i nei ve mai thei a, chu chu "farsightedness" emaw `(Hyperopia)` emaw an ti a ni. Lungngai suh, hei hi a hluar hle a, enkawl theih a ni bawk.

Hyperopia tih hi eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin...

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, hla taka mit hmuhna hi mit natna tlanglawn tak a ni. Hetiang dinhmunah hian i hnaih ber thil chiang taka hmuh harsa i ti a , mahse thil hla tak (a tlangpuiin meter 6, emaw feet 20 vel) chu chiang taka hmuh theih a ni Ngaihtuah teh, kawngpuiah i kal lai hian hla takah dawr hming chiang takin i hmu thei a, mahse i kuta bill i en chuan lehkhate chu a inzawm khawm ang maiin a lang. Chutiang chu a ni.

Amaherawhchu, mi thenkhatin hla deuh deuh an awm chuan hnai leh hlaah thil an hmu mai thei. A pawimawh ber chu, hei hi mit natna a ni lo. Mit hian êng a focus dan a inthlak danglam deuh a, chu chu a focus tha thei lo tihna a ni . Hei hi a chhan ber chu i mit pianzia a ni. Hei hian mit hmalam atanga mit hnunglam thlenga sei zawng (axial length) leh mit hmalam a transparent part, cornea an tih chu a curvature tihna a ni. I mit pianzia chu i thunun thei lo. Mahse thu lawmawm tak chu, hei hi siamthat theih dinhmun a ni .

Thil hnai taka hmuh harsatna i neih chuan a tha ber chu mit lam doctor emaw mit lam doctor emaw pan hi a ni. I mit hian tanpuina tlem a mamawh em tih enfiah nan exam awlsam tak, hrehawm lo tak an ti thei a ni. Solution hrang hrang a awm a, glasses, contact lens, leh surgery thlengin a awm. I doctor chuan i tana tha tur thlang turin a pui thei che a ni.

Engtiang chiahin nge hla taka thil thlir hi a hluar?

Hei hi a takah chuan a awm fo khawp mai. Zirchianna pakhatah chuan khawvel puma naupang 4.6% vel leh puitling 30.9% vel chu hla tak tak an hmu thei a ni. Amaherawhchu, heng number te hi zirlai hrang hrangah a inang lo deuh thei a, a chhan chu an teh dan a inang lo.

Entirnan, kum 40 chunglamte chu zirchiannaah telh ni ta se, he percentage hi a pung lehzual thei a ni. A chhan chu kum 40 an tlin hnuah mi tam tak chuan ``Presbyopia`` tih natna an nei tam zawk a, chu chu an upat deuh deuh chuan near vision hloh hi a ni ``Presbyopia`` hian near vision a ti fiah lo bawk a, mahse kum upat ruala mit chhunga lens inthlak danglam vang a ni. Hei hi hla taka thlirna aiin a chhan danglam tak a ni.

Hmun hla tak thlir theihna i nei em? Heng symptoms te hi fimkhur rawh:

A tir lamah chuan engmah hrehawmna i nei lo mai thei, mahse i mit ruhte hian mit chiang taka hmuh theihna turin nasa zawka an thawh a ngai a nih chuan ,, hetiang hian symptoms i nei thei ang:

• Thil hnai tak tak, a bik takin hmai hnaih ber thil en hian mit hmuhna a fiah lo.
• Mit hmuh fiah lo emaw, zan lama mit chau emaw.
• Chhiar harsa. Lehkhabu pakhata lehkha awmte chu zai leh chiang lo ang maiin a lang thei.
• Lehkhabu chhiar laiin double vision .
• Mit chhunga natna hriat.
• Mit nasat lutuk .
• I mit khap (squinting) hmanga chhiar tum .

Naupang tête chu hla taka mit hmu thei an nih chuan, heng chhinchhiahnate bâkah, an mit an hrual fo emaw, lehkha chhiar an ngaihven lo emaw pawh a ni thei . A châng chuan, naupang tê tê chuan lehkha zir chu a bo nia inhria mah se, a takah chuan lehkhate chu chiang taka an hmuh loh vâng pawh a ni thei.

Engvangin nge he hun rei lote hi a lo awm? A chhan engte nge ni?

Hmun hla tak atanga thlir theihna chhan lian tak pahnih a awm a, chungte chu:

• Mitmeng (eyeball) tawi deuh (relative shortening) a awm. Hei hian mit hmalam atanga hnunglam axial length a tlahniam tihna a ni.
• Mit cornea chu beisei aia flatter a ni.

I ngaihtuah mai thei, "Chuti a nih chuan mit hi tlem a tawi deuh a, mitmeng chu a flat deuh a nih chuan eng nge thleng ang?" A chhanna chu i mit hian êng a refract (bend) danah a awm a ni.

I mit chu camera te tak te angin ngaihtuah rawh. Cornea hi camera hma lama lens awm ang mai a ni. Hei hi mit chhunga êng lut chu a refract hmasa ber a, mit chhungah a lut a, mit hnung lama retina-ah a tla nghal a ni. Cornea hi a tlangpuiin a curve deuh a, chu curvature chu a ni a, chu chuan light chu retina-ah direct-in a focus a ni.

Mahse, i mit (cornea) chu a flat a nih chuan, emaw, i mit hmalam atanga hnunglam thlenga hlat zawng a tawi lutuk a nih chuan he balance nalh tak hi a bo vek a ni. Chuti a nih chuan eng nge thleng? I mit a êng a luh chuan `(Retina)`-ah direct-in a tla lo. Chu ai chuan light rays te chu `(Retina)` hnung lamah an focus zawk thin. Chuvangin thil hnai tak tak te chu a blurry hmel hle. A châng chuan mit pêng dangte chuan hei hi eng emaw chen chu an `(accommodate)` thei ṭhin. Mahse, hla tak i hmuh chuan i mit chuan êng chu a focus dik theih nân ṭanpuina, glasses ang chi a mamawh a ni.

Hmun hla tak atanga thlir theihna hi refractive error an ti bawk. Refractive errors chu mit in êng a refract dan lama harsatna avanga mit hmuh dan inthlak danglamna a ni. An tam hle a, enkawl theih an ni. A pawimawh ber chu doctor pan a, i mit enfiah a, i mamawh dik tak hriat chhuah hi a ni.

Hmun hla tak thlir theihna hi genetic a ni em?

Ni e, zirchiangtute chuan hla taka thlirna hian thlahtute nghawng a nei niin an ngai.. Chu chu i nu leh pate hnen atanga i rochun genes te hian hla tak atanga thlir theihna i neih theihna tur a nghawng thei tihna a ni. Entirnan, gene thenkhat hian mit than dan a nghawng a, a bik takin mit sei zawng (`(axial length)`) a nghawng a ni. Zirchiangtute chuan gene-in hei hi engtin nge a nghawng tih chiang takin an la chhui mek a ni.

Mi thenkhat chuan genetic condition thenkhat avang hian hyperopia an nei thei bawk a, chungte chu `(Achromatopsia)`, `(Down syndrome)`, leh `(Fragile X syndrome)` te hi a ni.

Hetiang dinhmun avanga harsatna awm thei te chu engte nge ni?

Hmun hla tak atanga thlir chuan lu na ang chi natna lanchhuahna nuam lo tak tak a thlen thei a, nitin hna thawh a harsat phah thei a ni.

A bik takin naupang tê têah chuan , hla taka hmuh theihna an neih chuan amblyopia (mit pakhata hmuh theihna a ṭhat lohna hmun) emaw strabismus (mit pahnihin kawng khata a kawhhmuh lohna) ang chi natna an nei thei a ni. Hei vang hian naupan lai atanga mit endik a pawimawh em em a ni. Hei hian farsightedness ang chi refractive errors te chu complication a nih hmain a hriat theih nan a pui thei a ni.

Engtin nge hla taka thil hmuh theihna i nei tih chiang taka i hriat theih ang? Test te chu engte nge ni?

Hriat chian theihna awmchhun chu mit enfiahna awlsam tak, natna nei lo comprehensive eye exam neih hi a ni . He exam hi mit lam doctor emaw mit lam doctor emaw ten an ti thin.

Test neih chhung hian doctor chuan i mitmeng (`(pupils)`) te chu a lian zawk theih nan i mit ah damdawi te te (`(eye drops)`) a dah ang . Hei hian mit chhungah êng tam zawk a lut thei a, doctor chuan mit hnunglam peng hrang hrang, `(retina)` ang chi te chu a hmu thei zawk a ni.

Chumi hnuah chuan doctor chuan hmanraw hrang hrang hmangin i mit a enfiah a, êng zungbun (beam of light) a kawhhmuh a, mit hriselna a enfiah a ni. Hei hian farsightedness ang chi refractive errors a check mai bakah mit natna dang tam tak glaucoma leh cataracts te pawh a check bawk.

Harsatna emaw, mitdelna emaw i neih chuan, "Hei hi mit tichhe mai a ni," ti mai mai suh, mit enfiah rawh. A châng chuan mit hmuh lohna hi natna khirh zawk, enkawl vat ngai a nihna chhinchhiahna a ni thei bawk.

Hmun hla tak atanga thlir theihna damdawi a awm em? Engtin nge hei hi ka siam that ang?

Awle! Ni chiah e. Hmun hla tak atanga thlirna siamthat dan kawng hrang hrang a awm a:

• Eyeglasses: Hei hi a awlsam ber leh hman tlanglawn ber a ni. Eyeglass lens hian mit chhunga light focus dan a thlak danglam thin. Engtiang chiahin nge hla taka i hmuh theih tih hian lens i mamawh chi hrang hrang leh eng chen nge i bun a ngai dawn tih a hril ang.
• Contact lens te chu:Chûngte chuan glasses ang bawkin hna an thawk a ni. Mit chhunga êng luh dan an siam \ha \hin. Mahse, spectacle lens aiin an te zawk a, mitmeng chung lamah an bun a ni. A tam zawkah chuan an him a, an nuam bawk. Amaherawhchu, mi thenkhat chuan mit vawt emaw, mit natna emaw ang chi harsatna avangin contact lens an vuah thei lo mai thei.
• Surgery: I duh chuan i hlat zawng siamthat nan surgery i nei thei bawk. I hla taka i hmuh theihna degree a zirin surgery chi hrang hrang a awm.
• Entirnan, LASIK mit surgery tih hian hla taka mit hmuhna nei lote chu a pui thei a ni. Hei hian laser hmanga i mit (cornea) siam danglam a huam a ni.
• Refractive lens exchange (IOL) surgery hi hla taka mit hmuhna nei tan chuan a \angkai thei hle. Hei hian i natural lens chu la chhuakin artificial lens (intraocular lens / IOL) hmanga thlak a ngai a ni.

Hmun hla tak hmu thei zawng zawng hian glasses an vuah tur em ni?

Hei hi mit doctor-in a rel tur a ni. A châng chuan i mit hian glasses tel lovin eng emaw chen chu a ``accommodate'' thei bawk. Mahse, symptoms i neih emaw, nitin hnathawh i tih harsat emaw chuan glasses vuah hi a nuam zawk mai thei. Contact lens pawh hi duhthlan tur dang a ni.

I doctor chuan i mit mamawh leh i nunphung a zirin, i mit mamawhna leh i nunphung a zirin, i mit hmuhna siamthat dan tur i duh ber tur i thlan theih nan a pui ang che.

Hmun hla tak thlirna hi a lo ṭha chho nghal ang em?

Ni lo, hla tak atanga thlirna hi operation tel lo chuan a lo tha leh nghal mai lovang. Mahse operation hnuah pawh hun kal zelah i mit a danglam thei. Hei hi kum upa lam atanga lo thleng thin natural process a ni.

Glass emaw contact lens emaw i bun hian i mit a siam tha a, i mit hian light a focus tha hle. Mahse i phelh veleh i hlat zawnga i hmuh theihna symptoms chu a lo lang leh thei a ni. Tin, hun kal zelah i mit a chak lo thei a, a fiah lo thei bawk. Tuna i glasses hak hi a hma angin a ṭangkai lo tih i hmu mai thei.

Chuvangin, i doctor-in a rawt angin i glasses emaw contact lens emaw i bun reng a pawimawh hle . Tin, i lens chakna tihdanglam a ngai em tih hriat nan mit enfiah fo a pawimawh bawk .

Hmun hla tak atanga thlirna lo thanglian zel tur ven dan a awm em?

Dik tak chuan mit pian dan nen a inzawm fo avangin hla taka hmuh theih lohna tur kawng finfiah a awm lo.

Mahse, i mit hriselna tlangpui vawng reng thei tur thil tih dan thenkhat a awm. Chûngte chuan hla taka mit hmuh theihna a veng lo mai thei a, mahse i mit hrisel tûrin a ṭanpui thei a ni:

• Ei leh in tha tak ei rawh.Vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, leh lutein te ang chi nutrient te hian i mit a venghim thin. Hengte hi i hmuh theih nan chuan thei chi hrang hrang, orange, grape, leh strawberry te, leh thlai chi hrang hrang, spinach leh collard greens te chu i eitur ah te dah tel bawk ang che.
• Mit enfiah fo la, chutiang chuan mit lama harsatna i neih chu symptoms i neih hmain i hmu thei ang.
• Sunglass vuah la, ni zing takah pawh ni se. Ni chhuahna ultraviolet (UV) radiation hlauhawm tak 99% emaw a aia tam emaw block thei sunglass thlang rawh.
• I mit chu chawlh hahdamna pe thin ang che. Computer screen emaw phone emaw darkar tam tak en reng hian mit a ti na thei. Hei hian ``Computer vision syndrome'' tih ang chi dinhmun a thlen thei a ni.

Engtikah nge mit enfiah turin i kal ang?

Hmun hla tak emaw, mit lama harsatna dang emaw i neih chuan doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni. Mit hmuh fiah lo hi harsatna hrang hrang vaukhânna a ni thei. Chuvangin, i natna lan chhuah chhan chu eng nge ni tih hriat tumin damdawi lam thurawn lak a pawimawh hle.

Mit lama harsatna nei lo mah la, mit enfiah reng reng a pawimawh. American Optometric Association-in a tarlan dan chuan, natna lan chhuahna nei lote’n an mit an enfiah fo tur zat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Nausen: Piancham hmasa ber (thla 6 leh thla 12 inkar a tha ber).
• Naupang tê: Kum 3 leh 5 inkar test vawi khat tal, chutah chuan kum khatah vawi khat.
• Kum 18 leh 64 inkar puitling: Kum hnih danah vawi khat tal.
• Puitling kum 65 chunglam: Kum khatah vawi khat.

I mit hriselna leh mit natna i vei theihna a zirin check-up tam zawk neih a ngai mai thei. I doctor chuan eng chen nge i luh a ngaih tih a hrilh ang che, chu thupekte chu zawm ngei ngei la, ni ruat saah i check-up neihpui turin kal rawh.

Engtikah nge emergency medical advice i lak a ngaih? (Rikrum)

Vawikhat, beisei loh taka mit hmuh lohna emaw, mit hmuh lohna emaw i neih chuan 911 emaw, i awmna hmuna emergency number emaw chu call nghal rawh. Hengte hi natna khirh tak tak, emergency medical treatment mamawhna chhinchhiahna a ni thei a, chu chu ``Stroke'' emaw ``Retinal Detachment'' emaw a ni thei.

A tawp berah chuan hriat reng tur pawimawh ber (Take-Home Message):

Close-up thil hmuh harsat hian i hnathawh leh i hobby te a nghawng thei a ni. Heng symptoms leh a thlen thin lungngaihna hi i tuar a ngai lo. I mit hmuhna a fiah lo, lehkha chhiar laiin mit i hrual a, lu na i neih chuan mit lam doctor emaw mit lam doctor emaw pan ngei ngei tur a ni.

Test awlsam tak, hrehawm lo tak tak tlemte hmangin hla tak i hmu thei tih i hre thei ang. Chumi hnuah chuan i doctor chuan i mit chu chiang tak leh awlsam taka i hmuh theih nan a siam tha ang. Chuvangin, hlau lo la, mualpho suh, vawiinah hian i mit enfiahna step hi la rawh. Ni hman nuam le!

` Hmun hla tak, Hyperopia, Mit hmuhna, Hmuh lohna, Glasses, Mit Natna, Mit Exam