E mōhio ana koe ki te āhua o tā tātou manawa? Me kōrero tātou mō tō pūnaha manawa i roto i ngā kupu māmā noa iho!

Kua whakaaro koe ki te āhua o tā tātou manawa, te āhua o tā tātou ngongo i te hāora, me te āhua o tā tātou tukunga atu i te hauhā waro? Nā tētahi pūnaha whakamiharo o roto i tō tātou tinana ēnei mea katoa. Ko te pūnaha manawa tēnā, arā, ko te '(Pūnaha Manawa)'. Me kōrero tātou mō tēnei i tēnei rā i roto i tētahi huarahi māmā e mārama ai koe, āe?

Nā, he aha tēnei pūnaha manawa?

Ki te kī ngāwari, ko tō pūnaha manawa he kohinga o ngā okana me ngā hanganga i roto i tō tinana e āwhina ana i a koe ki te manawa. Kei roto i tēnei ko ō pukahukahu, ihu, waha, me ngā wāhanga rite ki te ngongo e hono ana i a rātou, e kiia nei ko ngā ara manawa . Kei reira anō hoki ngā uaua me ngā uaua toto e āwhina ana i tō pūnaha manawa, ā, ko tō rara, ko tō rara rānei, e tiaki ana i ēnei mea katoa. Ka mahi tahi ēnei wāhanga katoa ki te tango i te hāora ina manawa koe ki roto, me te tango atu i te hauhā waro ina manawa koe ki waho.

He aha ngā mahi matua a te pūnaha manawa?

Ko te mahi matua a tō pūnaha manawa he kawe i te hāora ki ngā pūtau o tō tinana, me te tango i te hauhā waro , he para. Mā te manawa ki roto, ki waho hoki koe e mahi ai, mā te whakawhiti hau i waenga i ngā pēke hau iti i roto i ō pukahukahu, e kiia nei ko ngā alveoli , me ngā oko toto e kawe ana i aua mea. Hei tāpiri, he maha atu anō ngā mahi nui a tō pūnaha manawa:

• Ka whakamahanahia te hau e manawahia ana e koe, ka tāpirihia he makuku. Ka whakamahanahia e tō pūnaha manawa te hau kia rite ki te pāmahana o tō tinana. Ka whakamakukuhia hoki e ia kia eke ki te makuku e hiahiatia ana e tō tinana.
• Ina manawa koe, ka tiakina tō tinana mai i ngā mea kino e tomo mai ana. Ka taea e ētahi wāhanga o te pūnaha manawa te aukati i ngā huakita kino me ngā mea whakapataritari kei uru mai – ka pana atu rānei i a rātou mēnā ka uru mai.
• Ka āwhina i a koe ki te kōrero. Ka puta te oro ina wiri te hau i ō taura reo.
• Ka āwhina i a koe ki te hongi. Ina manawa koe i te hau, ka haere ngā matūriki o roto mā roto i tō io hongi, ka tukuna atu ngā karere ki tō roro mō te hongi o tētahi mea.
• Ka whakataurite i te waikawa o tō tinana. Ina piki ake te hauhā waro, ka heke te pH o tō toto, ka nui ake te waikawa. Mā te tango i te hauhā waro, ka āwhina tō pūnaha manawa ki te pupuri i te taurite waikawa-pūtake o te tinana.

He aha ngā wāhanga o te pūnaha manawa?

Ko ō pukahukahu te okana matua o tō pūnaha manawa. Engari he maha ngā wāhanga rerekē o te pūnaha manawa e mahi tahi ana hei āwhina i a koe ki te manawa. Ko ēnei wāhanga ko:

• Ihu me te kōhao ihu
• Waha me te kōhao waha
• Ngā poka/ngā sinuses `(ngā sinuses)`
• Korokoro (pharynx)
• Larynx
• Te pūhā (trachea)
• Ngā ara manawa matua `(bronchi)`
• Ngā pūkahukahu
• Te diaphragm

He aha tēnei ara manawa o runga?

Ko tō ara manawa o runga te mea e āwhina ana ki te kawe mai i te hau ki roto i tō tinana, me te tuku atu ki ō pukahukahu. Ka tāpirihia hoki e ia te makuku ki te hau e manawahia ana e koe. Ka tīmata tō ara manawa i tō ihu me tō waha, te wāhi e manawahia ai e koe te hau. Ko ētahi atu wāhanga o tō ara manawa o runga ko tō kōhao ihu, ngā sinuses, me te larynx.

Nā, he aha te ara manawa o raro?

Kei roto i tō ara manawa o raro tō pūkahukahu (trachea), ō pūkahukahu (ngā ara manawa), me ō pūkahukahu. Ko tō pūkahukahu, ō ara manawa matua, me ō ara manawa iti ake (ngā pūkahukahu) te rākau tracheobronchial . Ko tēnei pūnaha ngongo, he rite ki te rākau huripokitia, ka haria te hau mai i te ara manawa o runga ki ngā pēke hau iti i roto i ō pūkahukahu, e kiia nei ko ngā alveoli.

He aha te mahi a tō pūnaha manawa? He mea whakamiharo!

Me whai hāora ngā pūtau o tō tinana hei whakaputa pūngao. Ina puta tēnei pūngao, ka tukuna te hauhā waro hei para. Ki te nui rawa te kohi o tēnei hauhā waro i roto i te tinana, he kino ki te tinana. Nō reira, ko te mahi matua o te pūnaha manawa ko te kawe i te hāora ki roto i ngā pukahukahu me te tuku i te hauhā waro ki waho (te whakawhiti hau) . Ka mahia tēnei mahi i te taha o tō pūnaha tohanga toto – arā, tō ngākau, tō toto, me ngā uaua toto.

Whakaarohia i ia wā ka manawa koe, he rite te hāora i te rangi ki te miriona o ngā pāhihi rererangi. Ka tae atu ēnei rererangi ki te taunga rererangi e kiia nei ko ōu pūkahukahu. Ina neke iho tō diaphragm, ka nui ake te wāhi i roto i tō uma, ā, ka kumea te hau (me ēnei pāhihi hāora iti) ki roto i ōu pūkahukahu. Ka tomo tēnei hau mā tō waha, mā tō ihu rānei, ka haere i te trachea, bronchi, me ngā bronchioles, pērā i ngā ara rere i te taunga rererangi. Kātahi ka tae atu ēnei pāhihi ki ngā kūaha o te taunga rererangi, arā, ōu alveoli.

I reira, ka haere ngā kaihihi hāora mā roto i ngā kiriuhi angiangi e karapoti ana i ngā pukahukahu, ka uru ki roto i ngā oko toto iti e kiia nei ko ngā capillaries. Whakaarohia he rite ki tētahi tekesi e kohi ana i ngā kaihihi hāora i te taunga rererangi. Hei whakamutunga, ka haere tēnei tekesi ki ō pūtau me ō kiko, ka tuku i te hāora hei hoatu pūngao ki a rātou.

Me pēhea te whakakore i te hauhā waro?

Ina whakamahia e ngā pūtau te pūngao, ka hangaia e rātou te hauhā waro. Ina puta te hāora i roto i ō kiko, ka tomo mai ngā matūriki hauhā waro. Mai i reira, ka haere rātou mā roto i ō toto ka uru ki roto i aua arai hau i roto i ō pūkahukahu e kiia nei ko ngā alveoli. Ina piki ake tō diaphragm, ka hinga te kōhao o te uma, ā, ka panaia e koe te hau ki waho pērā i te huarahi i tomo mai ai, ka rere rātou ki waho i ō pūkahukahu. Kei te kite koe?

He mea anō kei tua atu i te manawa?

Ae, i a koe e manawa ana ki roto, e manawa ana ki waho, ka tiakina tō tinana e tō pūnaha manawa mai i te hau maroke me ngā matūriki kino pea. I a koe e manawa ana ki roto, ka āwhina ō ihu ki te whakahaere i te pāmahana me te makuku o te hau.

I te rere o te hau i roto i ō pongaponga me ō ara manawa, ka hopukina e ngā hanganga angiangi, rite ki te huruhuru, te puehu, ngā iroriki me ētahi atu mea whakapataritari, ka ārai i a rātou kia kaua e uru ki roto i ō ara manawa me ō pukahukahu. Mēnā ka uru aua mea whakapataritari, ngā iroriki rānei ki roto, ka mau i roto i te hūpē tō pūnaha manawa. Kātahi ka neke ngā hūpē i roto i ō ara manawa i roto i ngā ngaru, ka panaia tēnei hūpē i waho o tō tinana ina maremare koe, ina tihe rānei koe.

He aha ngā mate ka pā ki tō tātou pūnaha manawa?

He maha ngā āhuatanga ka pā ki ngā whekau me ngā kiko e hanga ana i tō pūnaha manawa. Ko ētahi o ēnei ka puta mai i ngā mea whakapataritari me ngā iroriki e manawahia ana e koe – arā, ngā huaketo, ngā huakita, me ngā harore e puta ai ngā mate. Ko ētahi ka puta mai i te kino, i ngā mate ira rānei.

Ko ētahi o ngā āhuatanga ka pā ki te pūnaha manawa ko:

• Te mate pāwera ki te rhinitis: Ka pāngia ō ara manawa me ō ihu e ngā mate pāwera ki ngā mea pēnei i te hae rākau, te kiri mōkai, me te puehu.
• Ngā mate manawa pūmau: Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā mate pēnei i te mate huango, te mate pūkahukahu aukati mau tonu (COPD), me te cystic fibrosis.
• Ngā mate urutā o te ara manawa o runga me o raro: He mea noa ngā mate urutā, pērā i te rewharewha, te makariri rānei.
• Mumura: Ka pupuhi pea ō ara manawa nui (bronchitis), ō pūkahukahu (pneumonia), ō ihu (sinusitis), ētahi atu wāhanga rānei o tō pūnaha manawa ka pupuhi i ngā mate.
• Mate Pūkahukahu Interstitial (ILD): Ka taea e te Pulmonary Fibrosis me ētahi atu momo ILD te whakararu i ō pūkahukahu.
• Ngā Ārai: Tērā pea he mea o waho tēnei, he puku pai, he puku matepukupuku rānei.
• Te kore taurite o te waikawa-pūtake: Ina nui rawa, ina iti rawa rānei te hauhā waro e tukuna ana e koe, ka huri te taurite o te waikawa-pūtake i roto i tō toto, ka puta te alkalosis manawa me te waikawa manawa.
• Te iti o te hāora, te nui rānei o te hauhā waro i roto i te toto, i ngā kiko rānei: Ahakoa te āhua nei he mate toto ēnei, ko ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te hypoxemia, te hypoxia, me te hypercapnia he tohu kei te hē tetahi mea i roto i tō pūnaha manawa.

He aha ngā tohu o te mate manawa?

Ka pāngia te pūnaha manawa e tētahi āhuatanga pēnei i:

• Te uaua, te poto rānei o te manawa (Dyspnea)
• Maremare huware, maroke rānei
• Ihu pupuhi, ihu pūngāwerewere rānei
• Mamae te uma, te piri rānei
• He tangi whiowhio te wheezing i te wā e manawa ana.
• Te tae kikorangi o te kiri, ngutu, ngā maikuku rānei (Cyanosis)

He aha ngā whakamātautau e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta hei tautuhi i ngā mate manawa?

He maha ngā whakamātautau me ngā tikanga e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta hei tirotiro i te hauora o tō pūnaha manawa. I runga i ō tohumate, ko ētahi o ēnei ko:

• Te whakamātautau oximetry manawa: He whakamātautau tino māmā tēnei, he whakamātautau noa. Ka ine i te taumata hāora i roto i tō toto mā te whakamahi i tētahi taputapu iti e whakanohoia ana ki tō maihao.
• Ngā whakamātautau mahi a ngā pukahukahu: Ngā whakamātautau e tirotiro ana i te mahi a ngā pukahukahu.
• Ngā hihi-X o te uma
• Whakamātautau hau toto uaua
• I ētahi wā ka whakahaerehia pea ngā whakamātautau pēnei i te CT scan , te bronchoscopy rānei (he whakamātautau e whakaurua ai he kāmera ki roto i ngā ara manawa).

He aha ngā rongoā noa mō ngā mate manawa?

Ko te maimoatanga ka whiwhi koe ka whakawhirinaki ki te mate manawa kei a koe me tōna kaha. Ko ētahi maimoatanga ka uru atu ki:

• Ngā corticosteroids manawa, ngā bronchodilator rānei: Mena he mate tōu e whakawhāiti ana i ō ara manawa, pērā i te mate huango, te COPD rānei, me whakamahi pea koe i te inhaler i ia wā.
• Ngā rongoā ārai huaketo, paturopi, harore rānei mō ngā mate pāwera.
• Ngā rongoā antihistamine ( mō ngā mate pāwera)
• Ngā whakarerekētanga leukotriene
• Te whakaora i te pūkahukahu
• Te pokanga mō ngā pukupuku, ngā ārai rānei.
• I ētahi wā tino kino , ka taea te mahi i te whakawhitinga pukahukahu .

He aha taku e taea ai hei pupuri i te hauora o taku pūnaha manawa?

Mahia ēnei mea hei pupuri i te hauora o tō pūnaha manawa:

• Kaua e hikareti, e hikareti rānei. Ka taea e te hikareti te whakararu, te whakararu rānei i ngā mate maha o te pūkahukahu me te manawa. He rite tonu ngā matū kino o ngā wai hikareti ki ngā hikareti.
• Me noho tawhiti atu i ngā poke ka kino pea ō ara manawa. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā mea pēnei i te paowa tuarua, ngā matū, me te radon (he hau irahiko ka pā mai te mate pukupuku). Mena ka pāngia koe e te paowa, e te puehu rānei i tō mahi, i tō hākinakina rānei, mauria he kopare kanohi.
• Inumia he nui te wai. Mā te inu i te nui o te wai ka angiangi te hūpē i roto i ō pukahukahu, ā, ka māmā ake te whakaputa.
• Whakakorikori tinana i ia wā, i ia wā.Ka whakapakari te korikori tinana i ngā uaua o ō pukahukahu, ā, ka māmā ake te manawa.
• Ārai i ngā mate. Ka taea e koe te ārai i te mate mā te horoi pinepine i ō ringaringa me te whiwhi werohanga mō ngā mate manawa.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta?

Mena kei te māuiui tonu koe, kei te kino haere rānei te maremare, kei te uaua rānei te manawa, kei te kitea rānei ētahi atu tohu o te mate manawa, me toro atu ki tō tākuta tonu. Me tirotiro hoki i ngā wā katoa. Mā te kitenga wawe i ngā raruraru manawa ka āwhina i te ārai i te kino haere.

He aha ngā mea tino nui me maumahara tātou?

Manawa mai... Manawa mai... Ka taea e tō manawa te whakamarie i a koe, me te pupuri i a koe kia arotahi. Ka taea e ia te āwhina i a koe ki te hongi, ki te reka, me te waiata i tāu waiata tino pai. Ko te mea nui, ka tangohia e tō pūnaha manawa te hāora hei whakakaha i ō pūtau me te pana i te hauhā waro. Mena he raru kei tō pūnaha manawa, ka maremare pea koe, ka whewhe, ka poto rānei te manawa. Mena kei a koe tētahi o ēnei tohu whakararuraru, kia mōhio koe ki te kōrero ki tō tākuta. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina i a koe kia ngāwari ake te manawa.

Pūnaha manawa , manawa, pukahukahu, hāora, hauhā waro, mate manawa, manawa hauora