Kua rongo pea koe i te kupu ' testosterone ' `( testosterone )`. He kupu e hono pinepine ana ki te ora o te tāne, te kaha, me te āhua tinana. Heoi, ehara i te mea ko ngā tāne anake tēnei homoni nui. Me titiro tātou ki te tikanga o te testosterone, me pēhea tana mahi, me pēhea hoki tōna pānga ki tō tinana.
He aha tonu te Testosterone?
Hei mārama ki tōna mahi, me tīmata tātou ki ngā kaupapa matua. He māmā noa iho, he homoni te testosterone. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka hangaia e ō repe ira tangata, e mōhiotia ana ko ō '(gonads)'. Ina koa, ka hangaia i roto i ngā ' testicles ' i roto i ngā tāne, ā, i roto i ngā 'ovaries ' i roto i ngā wāhine.
Hei tāpiritanga, ka whakaputahia e ō repe adrenal he homoni e kiia nei ko te dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Kātahi ka hurihia e tō tinana tēnei (DHEA) hei homoni kē atu, tae atu ki te testosterone me te estrogen (estrogen).
Ko te Testosterone te androgen matua. He homoni te androgen e whakaoho ana i te whanaketanga o ngā āhuatanga tāne. Nā tēnei, he nui ake ngā taumata testosterone i roto i te tinana o ngā tāne.
He Steroid te Testosterone?
Tērā pea koe e whakaaro ana, "He steroid te testosterone?" Ae, he steroid tūturu — he steroid anabolic-androgenic `(steroid anabolic-androgenic)`. Ko te "Anabolic" `(Anabolic)` e pā ana ki te hanga uaua, ko te "androgenic" `(androgenic)` ia e pā ana ki te whanaketanga o ngā āhuatanga ira tāne.
Heoi, ina kīia ana te kupu "steroids anabolic" e te tangata, ko te tikanga he whakaputanga testosterone hangai (hangaia e te tangata) i hangaia i roto i te taiwhanga. Koinei ngā matū ka werohia, ka tangohia rānei i te wā kāore i te tika.
Mai i te tirohanga hauora, ka tohua e ngā tohunga hauora te testosterone hangai hei rongoā me te whakahaere i ngā momo mate hauora. Hei tauira, koinei te wāhanga matua e whakamahia ana i roto i te rongoā homoni tāne `(Masculinizing Hormone therapy)`.
Engari, ko ētahi kaitākaro me ngā kaihanga tinana ka whakamahi kino i te testosterone hangai (steroids anabolic) i roto i ngā horopeta teitei hei whakapai ake i te mahi, hei whakarerekē rānei i ō rātou āhua tinana. Ka taea e tēnei momo whakamahinga hē te arahi ki ngā pānga taha kino. I roto i te wā, ka pā mai he raruraru hauora morearea pērā i te toto totoka (blood clots) (te whiu), te whiu (te whiu), ā, ka piki ake pea te mōrearea o te mate pukupuku repeure (te mate pukupuku repeure ). He tino mōrearea te whakamahi i ēnei matū me te kore he tirotiro hauora, ā, kāore i te tūtohutia.
He aha te mahi a te Testosterone i roto i tō tinana?
Nā, he aha rawa te mahi a te testosterone `(Testosterone)` i roto i tō tinana? Ka rerekē, ka urutau hoki āna mahi i ngā wāhanga rerekē o tō oranga. Me titiro tātou ki tana mahi i roto i ēnei wāhanga matua:
- Te whanaketanga o te kōpū `(Te whanaketanga o te kōpū)`
- Te pakeketanga o te tāne `(Te pakeketanga o ngā tamariki tāne)`
- Pakeketanga `(Pakeketanga)`
Te Tūranga o te Testosterone i roto i te Whanaketanga o te Pēpi
I te whanaketanga o te tamaiti i roto i te kōpū, ka whakaohohia e te ira whakatau-ira i runga i te ira-Y te whanaketanga o ngā 'testicles' i roto i ngā tamaiti tāne i te whitu wiki pea o te haputanga. Kātahi ka tīmata ēnei testes ki te whakaputa testosterone.
I tēnei wāhanga o te kukune, ko te testosterone te kawenga matuahei ārahi i te whanaketanga o ngā whekau whakaputa uri o roto, o waho hoki o te tāne.
Testosterone i te wā o te pakeketanga o te tāne
Ina tae te tamaiti ki te pakeketanga, ka puta ngā panonitanga tinana nui nā te testosterone. Ko ētahi o ēnei:
- He tere te tipu o te teitei.
- Te tipu o ngā huruhuru o te tinana, o te mata, me te tūtae.
- Te whakanui ake i te ure, ngā huakita, me te repe prostate.
- He pikinga ake o te hiahia moepuku (libido) me te mōhiotanga ki te moepuku.
Testosterone i roto i ngā Tāne Pakeke
I te pakeketanga, me whiwhi ngā tāne i te testosterone hei whakaputa parāoa . Hei tāpiri, ka āwhina i te:
- Whakawhiwhia he tohu ki tō tinana kia whakaputa i ngā toto whero hou.
- Kia mau tonu te kaha o ngā wheua me te papatipu uaua.
- Whakahaerehia te hiahia moepuku `(libido)` me te tautoko i te wairua pumau.
Testosterone i roto i ngā Wahine Pakeke
Tērā pea koe e whakaaro ana, "Me whai testosterone anō hoki ngā wāhine?" Ae. Mō ngā wāhine, he mea nui te testosterone ki te pupuri i te hiahia moepuku `(libido)`. Heoi, ko te nuinga o te testosterone e hangaia ana e ngā ovaries `(ovaries)` ka hurihia hei estradiol `(estradiol)` , koinei te homoni ira wahine matua.
Me pēhea te whakahaere i tō taumata Testosterone?
Me pēhea te pupuri a tō tinana i ngā taumata o te testosterone '(Testosterone)' i roto i te toto? E whakawhirinaki ana ki tētahi pūnaha urupare ā-roto tino matatau. I te nuinga o te wā, ka teitei ake ō taumata testosterone i te ata, ā, ka heke haere i te roanga o te rā.
Ko te nui o te testosterone e whakaputaina ana, e tukuna ana hoki e ō gonads ‘(gonads)’—ō testicles ‘(testicles)’, ō ovaries rānei ‘(ovaries)’—e whakahaerehia ana e ngā wāhanga matua e rua o tō roro: te hypothalamus ‘(Hypothalamus)’ me te repe pituitary ‘(Pituitary gland)’.
Anei tētahi tirohanga taahiraa-i-te-taahiraa mō te mahi a tēnei tukanga:
1. Ka tukuna e tō hypothalamus `(Hypothalamus)` te homoni tuku gonadotropin `(Gonadotropin-releasing hormone – GnRH)`.
2. Mā tēnei `(GnRH)` ka tukuna e tō repe pituitary kia tukuna he homoni luteinizing `(Luteinizing hormone – LH)`.
3. Ka haere te `(LH)` mā roto i ō toto ki ō gonads `(gonads)`, ka whakaoho i a rātou ki te whakaputa me te tuku i te testosterone. (I roto i ngā ovaries o ngā wāhine, ko te `(LH)` te mea matua e whakaoho ana i te hanga o te estrogen `(estrogen)` me te progesterone `(progesterone)`.)
I te pikinga ake o ngā taumata testosterone i roto i te toto, ka tukuna he tohu ki te hypothalamus kia whakaitihia te tukunga o te `(GnRH)`. Ka āwhina tēnei porowhita urupare kino ki te pupuri i tō testosterone i roto i te awhe hauora, he rite tonu ki te whakamahana aunoa .
Ki te kore tetahi wāhanga o tēnei koropiko—te hypothalamus `(Hypothalamus)`, te repe pituitary `(Pituitary gland)`, ngā gonads `(gonads)` rānei—e mahi tika ana, ka arahi pea ki ngā taumata testosterone rerekē.
He aha ngā whakamātautau e ine ana i ngā taumata testosterone?
Mena kei te whakapae tō kaiwhakarato hauora kei waho atu i te awhe noa ngā taumata o tō testosterone ‘(Testosterone)’, ka tūtohu pea rātou i tētahi, i ētahi atu whakamātautau toto rānei, tae atu ki:
- Whakamātautau toto testosterone katoa `(Whakamātautau toto testosterone katoa)`: Ko te tikanga ka mahia tēnei i te ata ina tino eke ō taumata testosterone ki tōna taumata teitei.
- Te whakamātautau toto mō te homoni whakaoho-follicle `(Follicle-stimulating hormone – FSH)`.
- Whakamātautau toto mō te homoni Luteinizing `(Luteinizing hormone – LH)`.
He aha ngā taumata testosterone noa i runga i te tau?
He aha ngā awhe tohutoro noa mō te testosterone `(Testosterone)`? Ka inehia ēnei uara i roto i ngā nanogram mō ia teririta `(ng/dL)`.
Kia maumaharako te mea e kiia ana he "noa" ka rerekē pea i runga i te whakamātautau toto motuhake e whakamahia ana me te taiwhanga "(taiwhanga)" e tātari ana i tō tauira. Ka whakamāramahia e tō tākuta ō hua i runga i ngā awhe tohutoro motuhake i whakaratohia e te taiwhanga whakamātautau. Mena he āwangawanga āu mō ō tau, he pai ake te kōrero tika ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora.
Kei raro nei ngā aratohu whānui mō ngā taumata testosterone noa:
Ngā Taumata Testosterone Noa mō ngā Tāne `(ng/dL)`:
- 0 ki te 5 marama: 75 – 400
- 6 marama ki te 9 tau: I raro iho i te 7
- 10 ki te 11 tau: 7 – 130
- 12 ki te 13 tau: 7 – 800
- 14 tau: 7 – 1,200
- 15 ki te 16 tau: 100 – 1,200
- 17 ki te 18 tau: 300 – 1,200
- 19+ tau: 240 – 950
Ngā Taumata Testosterone Noa mō ngā Wahine `(ng/dL)`:
- 0 ki te 5 marama: 20 – 80
- 6 marama ki te 9 tau: I raro iho i te 7
- 10 ki te 11 tau: 7 – 44
- 12 ki te 16 tau: 7 – 75
- 17 ki te 18 tau: 20 – 75
- 19+ tau: 8 – 60
Kia mōhio mai: He whānuitanga tohutoro whānui ēnei tau. Ko te kōrero ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora te huarahi pai ki te mārama ki te tikanga o ēnei hua mō tō āhua hauora ahurei.
He aha ngā take o te nui o te testosterone?
He maha ngā āhuatanga hauora ka akiaki i tō tinana ki te whakaputa i te nui rawa o te testosterone `(Testosterone)`. Anei ētahi o ngā tino take:
- Te Mate Pūkahukahu Polycystic `(Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome – PCOS)`: He tino noa tēnei he kore taurite o ngā homoni e pā ana ki ngā tāngata whai pūkahukahu. Ka nui rawa ngā `androgens` e whakaputaina ana e ngā pūkahukahu, inā koa ko te testosterone. Ka taea e tēnei kore taurite te whakaputa i ngā tohu pēnei i te tupu o ngā makawe kāore e hiahiatia, te hakihaki, me te paheketanga kore taurite.
- Te Hyperplasia Adrenal Whanau `(Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia – CAH)`: Ko te `(CAH)` he rōpū mate ira `(ngā whakarerekētanga ira)` e hua ake ai te korenga o ngā whākōkī matua `(ngā whākōkī)` i roto i ngā repe adrenal. E hiahiatia ana ēnei whākōkī hei hanga cortisol `(cortisol)`—te homoni e āwhina ana i tō tinana ki te aro atu ki te ahotea. Ki te kore ēnei, ka nui rawa te hanga a ngā repe adrenal i ētahi atu homoni, tae atu ki te testosterone.
- Ngā pukupuku o te ovary, te testicular rānei `(Ngā pukupuku ovarian, testicular rānei)`: Ka taea e ētahi pukupuku o ngā ovaries, o ngā testicles rānei te whakaputa i te nui o ngā androgens `(androgen)`.
- Ngā pukupuku adrenal `(Ngā pukupuku adrenal)`: Ahakoa he onge, ka taea e ētahi pukupuku i roto i ngā repe adrenal te whakaputa nui rawa i ngā homoni ira tangata, tae atu ki ngā androgens (testosterone), te estrogen `(estrogen)`, ngā mea e rua rānei.
He rerekē ngā pānga o te testosterone '(Testosterone)' teitei ki tō tinana, i runga i te ira tangata i whānau mai ai koe me tō tau.
Teitei o te Testosterone i roto i ngā Tāne
I roto i ngā tāne pakeke, he onge noa iho te puta noa o ngā taumata testosterone teitei, ā, kāore e kitea ngā tohumate.
Heoi, ki te nui rawa ngā taumata testosterone o ngā tama tāne, ka taea e ia te whakaoho i te pakeketanga wawe (te pakeketanga wawe), arā, ka tīmata te pakeketanga i mua i te iwa tau.
Teitei o te Testosterone i roto i ngā Wahine
I roto i ngā pēpi wahine, ka taea e ngā taumata testosterone tino tiketike te whakararuraru i ngā ira tāne, pērā i te rahi o te kiore '(clitoris)'. I roto i ngā kōtiro taitamariki, ka taea hoki e ia te arahi ki te pakeketanga wawe (precocious puberty) '(precocious puberty)', me te tīmata i mua i te waru o ngā tau.
I roto i ngā wāhine pakeke, ko te nui o te testosterone he tohu matua mō te Polycystic Ovary Syndrome `(PCOS)` . He mate tino kitea tēnei, e pā ana ki te 15% o ngā wāhine o te tau whānau.
Ka taea e te `(PCOS)` te arahi ki ngā tohu pēnei i:
- Te hakihaki kino `(Acne)`.
- Te tupu nui o te huruhuru i te mata me te tinana (he āhuatanga e mōhiotia ana ko te hirsutism `(hirsutism)`).
- Te paheketanga koretake, te ngaro rānei o te paheketanga `(Te paheketanga koretake)`.
- Te angiangi, te pakira rānei o te makawe tauira tāne.
- He whakahōhonutanga o te reo.
He aha ngā mea ka puta mēnā he iti ō taumata testosterone?
Me matapaki tātou i ngā mea ka puta ina heke te taumata o te testosterone '(Testosterone)' ki raro iho i te tikanga . Ko te tikanga, ka kitea ngā tohu i roto i ngā tāne i te iti o te testosterone, he mate e mōhiotia ana i roto i te rongoā ko te hypogonadism tāne '(male hypogonadism)'.
E rua ngā momo matua o te hypogonadism tāne: ko te hypogonadism tawhito (he whānau mai, he whiwhi mai rānei) me te tīmatanga tōmuri.
Ka puta te hypogonadism tāne tawhito '(Classical male hypogonadism)' ina pāngia ngā 'testicles', te repe pituitary '(pinepine pituitary)', te hypothalamus rānei '(hypothalamus)' e tētahi āhuatanga hauora, whara, mate rānei. Ka taea tēnei te whānau mai i te whānautanga mai, pērā i te mate Klinefelter '(Klinefelter syndrome)' te mate Kallmann rānei '(Kallmann syndrome)') ka riro mai rānei i muri mai i te ao nā te whara, te mate pāwera, ētahi atu mate rānei (kua riro mai).
Ka puta te hypogonadism tāne tīmatanga-mutunga `(Late-onset male hypogonadism)` nā te koroheketanga me ngā āhuatanga hauora e pā ana ki te koroheketanga, inā koa te momona `(momona)` me te mate huka momo 2 `(mate huka momo 2)`. E pāngia ana tēnei āhuatanga e te 2% o ngā tāne neke atu i te 40 tau te pakeke.
Ko ngā tohu o te iti o te testosterone e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wā ka tīmata ai te ngoikore.
Te iti o te Testosterone i te wā e whanake ana te kukune
Mā te ngoikore o te testosterone i te wā e whanake ana te kukune ka kore e puta tika ngā āhuatanga tinana tāne. Ko tētahi tauira matua o tēnei ko te Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome, ka puta ina kore e taea e te kukune tāne ira te aro ki ngā androgens (ngā homoni ira tāne).
Ko te `(AIS)` he mate whanaketanga ira tangata `(mate rerekētanga ira tangata)`. Ka pā ki te whanaketanga ira tangata i roto i te kōpū me te wā pakeketanga. Nō reira, kāore pea e tino whanake ngā whekau whakaputa uri tāne, ā, he maha ngā wā ka pāngia te hunga e te kore tamariki `(kore tamariki)` i te pakeketanga.
Te iti o te Testosterone i te wā o te pakeketanga
Ki te pāngia te tama e te ngoikore o te testosterone `(Testosterone deficiency)` i te wā o te pakeketanga, ka taea e ia te whakaroa, te aukati rānei i te whanaketanga, ā, ka hua ake ēnei:
- He puhoi ake te tere o te tipu, ahakoa ka roa rawa atu pea ngā ringa me ngā waewae ki te whakaritea ki te tinana.
- He onge, he ngaro rānei ngā huruhuru o te tinana me te tūpāpaku.
- Te hekenga o te tipu o te ure me ngā rauropi.
- Te korenga o te reo e hōhonu.
- He iti ake te kaha tinana me te manawanui ki te whakataurite ki ō rātou hoa.
Testosterone iti i roto i ngā tāne pakeke
Ahakoa he wāhanga tūturu o te koroheketanga te hekenga āta o te testosterone `(Testosterone)`, mā te hekenga nui ake i te pakeketanga ka puta ngā tohu e kitea ana, tae atu ki:
- Te ngaronga o te papatipu uaua me te pikinga o te ngako tinana kāore i te māramahia.
- Te ngaronga o ngā huruhuru o te tinana me te mata.
- Te āhua pouri `(Te āhua pouri)`, te riri rānei.
- Te ngoikore o te ure `(Te ngoikore o te ure)`.
- Te iti o te hiahia moepuku `(Te iti o te hiahia moepuku)`.
- Te angiangi, te pakarukaru rānei o ngā wheua, e mōhiotia ana ko te osteoporosis `(Osteoporosis)`.
- He uaua ki te arotahi, he rerekē rānei te mahara.
Āhea koe me kōrero ki tētahi tākuta mō ō taumata testosterone?
Ki te kite koe i tētahi o ngā tohu o te nui, te iti rānei o te testosterone `(Testosterone)` i roto i a koe, he mea tino taunaki kia kōrero koe ki tō tākuta . Ka taea e rātou te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau tātaritanga tika, te tuku rānei i a koe ki tētahi tohunga `(tohunga)`, pērā i te endocrinologist, hei āwhina i a koe ki te kimi whakautu.
He mea nui te testosterone mō tō oranga whānui me tō hauora whānau. Ahakoa he mea maori te rerekētanga o ngā taumata o ō homoni i te pakeketanga, ka taea e ngā taurite tonu te whakaputa i ngā tohu whakararuraru me te pā ki tō kounga o te oranga. Ko te rongo pai ko ngā maimoatanga tino whai hua e wātea ana hei āwhina i te whakahoki mai i te taurite.
Ngā Kaupapa Matua: Ngā Mea Me Mahara Koe
Me whakarāpopoto ngā kōrero tino nui mō te testosterone me maumahara koe:
- He homoni nui te Testosterone `(Testosterone)` mō ngā tāne me ngā wāhine. Heoi, he nui ake tōna taumata i roto i ngā tāne, ā, he mea nui hoki mō ngā āhuatanga tinana o te tāne.
- He steroid tūturu tēnei e puta ana i roto i tō tinana. Heoi, he mea morearea te whakamahi hē i ngā steroid anabolic hangai hei whakapai ake i te mahi, ā, he nui hoki ngā tūponotanga hauora kei roto.
- Ka pāngia te hauora e ngā taumata testosterone teitei, iti hoki. Ko te tautuhi i te pūtake me te awhina a te tākuta te mea nui ki te kimi i te maimoatanga tika.
- Ki te whakapae koe he kore taurite ō homoni, he rerekē rānei ngā tohu e pāngia ana e koe, kaua e mangere, kaua hoki e whakama ki te kōrero ki tētahi tohunga hauora. Kei reira tō tākuta hei āwhina, ā, ko te rapu tohutohu hauora te mahi pai rawa atu māu.
Kia maumahara, ko te whakatairanga i tō hauora he tohu o te kaha. Kaua e mangere ki te whakapā atu ki tētahi tohunga hauora ina he pātai, he āwangawanga rānei āu mō tō tinana.
Ngā Tohu: Testosterone, Ngā Homoni, Hauora o ngā Tāne, Hauora o ngā Wahine, Te Puāwaitanga, Ngā Homoni Ira Tangata, Hypogonadism
