He toto kei roto i ō tātou tinana katoa, engari i mōhio koe ehara i te mea he ōrite ngā toto o te katoa? Pērā i ngā tapumati, he rerekē ngā momo toto o tētahi ki tētahi. Ahakoa e hiahia ana koe ki te tuku toto, ki te tango toto rānei, he mea tino nui kia mōhio koe ki tō momo toto. Nō reira, i tēnei rā, me kōrero tātou mō ēnei momo toto, ō rātou rerekētanga, me te pānga ki tō tātou hauora.
He aha ēnei momo toto?
Ki te kī ngāwari, ko ngā ira i riro mai i a koe i tō whaea me tō pāpā te mea e whakatau ana i tō momo toto. He rite tonu ngā wāhanga taketake o te toto o tātou katoa. Arā, ko ngā toto whero, ko ngā toto mā, ko ngā pereti toto, me te wai e kiia nei ko te plasma e rere ana i a rātou.
Heoi anō, he take matua tēnei e rerekē ai ngā momo toto i ia tangata, i ia tangata. Koia ēnei momo pūmua motuhake kei runga i te mata o ō tātou toto whero. I roto i te rongoā, ka kiia ēnei he antigens . Waihoki, i roto i te wāhanga wai o te toto, arā, te plasma, kei reira tētahi atu momo pūmua motuhake, e kiia nei ko ngā antibodies .
Nō reira, ko te momo toto e whakatauhia ana e te momo antigens kei te mata o ō toto whero me te momo paturopi i roto i ō toto.
Ngā momo toto matua me ō rātou rerekētanga
E waru ngā momo toto e kitea whānuitia ana i te ao. E whā ngā rōpū matua o ēnei. Ko A, B, AB me O. Ko te pūnaha ABO te ingoa o tēnei whakarōpūtanga. Hei tāpiri, tētahi atu āhuatanga nui anō hoki, ko te āhuatanga Rh . Me titiro anō hoki tātou ki tēnā.
Pūnaha rōpū toto ABO
Ka whakatauhia tēnei e te mea kei te mata o ngā toto toto whero ngā antigens e kiia nei ko A me B.
| Rōpū Toto | Te Āraitini i runga i ngā Pūtau Toto Whero | Paturopi i roto i te toto |
|---|---|---|
| Kāwai A | He pūmua A kei reira. | Kei reira te paturopi B. |
| Kāwai B | Kei a ia te antigen B | Kei reira te paturopi A. |
| Kāwai AB | Kei reira ngā antigens A me B. | Kāore he paturopi A, B rānei |
| Kāwai O | Kāore he antigens A, B rānei | Kei reira ngā paturopi A me B. |
He aha te Rh Factor?
Ko tētahi atu momo antigen tēnei e kitea ana i te mata o ngā pūtau toto whero.
- Mena kei roto i tō toto te Rh factor, ko tō momo toto he "pai / +" . (Tauira: A+, B+, O+)
- Mena kāore i roto i tō toto te Rh factor, ko tō momo toto he "Negative / -" . (Tauira: A-, AB-, O-)
Ka honoa ēnei rōpū ABO me te take Rh hei hanga i ngā momo toto matua e 8 e mōhiotia ana e tātou.
Te Koha me te Whiwhi Toto - He aha te Hiranga o te Taurite?
I mua i te tau 1901, i whakaaro ngā tākuta he rite tonu te momo toto o te katoa. Nā te mea i mate te tini o te tangata i taua wā i ngā koha toto. Nō muri mai ka kitea ēnei momo toto e tētahi kaipūtaiao ko Karl Landsteiner te ingoa.
Ki te whakaranua ngā momo toto e rua kāore e taurite, ka tīmata ngā paturopi i roto i te tinana o te kaiwhiwhi ki te whawhai ki te toto tauhou. Ka piri tahi ngā toto whero, ka totoka. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki ngā hua tino kino, tae atu ki te mate, pērā i te ngoikore o te whatukuhu. Nō reira, he mea whakahau te whakataurite i ngā momo toto i te wā e koha ana, e whiwhi ana rānei i te toto.
Ko te toto momo O kino (O-) e kiia ana ko te "Kaihoko Ao Whānui . " Nā te mea kāore he antigens A, B, Rh rānei o te toto momo O, nō reira ka taea te hoatu ki te tangata ahakoa he aha te momo toto. I roto i tētahi āhuatanga ohorere, pērā i te aituā, ina kore he wā hei whakamātautau i te momo toto o te tūroro, ka hoatu pinepinetia te toto momo O.
Ko te momo toto AB pai (AB+) ka kiia ko te "Kaiwhiwhi Ao Whānui"."kaiwhiwhi whānui." Nā te mea kāore he paturopi o te toto AB+ ki te toto A, ki te toto B rānei, nō reira ka taea e ia te whiwhi i ngā toto whero mai i tētahi momo toto.
Mai i tēnei ripanga, ka māmā noa iho te mārama ko wai ka taea e koe te koha toto ki a ia, me wai hoki ka taea e koe te whiwhi toto mai i a ia.
| Tō momo toto | Ka taea e koe te tuku toto. | Ka taea e koe te toto. |
|---|---|---|
| A+ | A+, AB+ | A+, A-, Ō+, Ō- |
| O+ | O+, A+, B+, AB+ | O+, O- |
| B+ | B+, AB+ | B+, B-, O+, O- |
| AB+ | AB+ anake | Ngā momo toto katoa |
| A- | A+, A-, AB+, AB- | A-, O- |
| O- | Ngā momo toto katoa (Kaihoko Ao Whānui) | O-anake |
| B- | B+, B-, AB+, AB- | B-, O- |
| AB- | AB+, AB- | AB-, A-, B-, Ō- |
He aha te hiranga o te momo toto i te wā e hapu ana?
He take nui tēnei mō te tini o te tangata. Ina koa, mēnā he Rh- kino te momo toto o te whaea, ā, ka riro i te pēpi i roto i te kōpū te momo toto mai i te pāpā, ā, he Rh- pai (Rh+), tera pea ka pā mai ētahi raruraru.
Ka puta tēnei nā te mea ka mōhio te tinana o te whaea he 'tauhou' ngā toto whero Rh+ o te pēpi, ā, ka tīmata te hanga paturopi hei ārai i a rātou. Ka pā pea tēnei ki ngā hāputanga tuarua me ngā hāputanga o muri mai i te tuatahi. Ka taea e ēnei paturopi te whakangaro i ngā toto whero o te pēpi.
Engari kāore he mea hei wehi. Inaianei he otinga pai mō tēnei. Ka tirohia e tō tākuta tō momo toto i te tīmatanga o tō hapūtanga. Mena he Rh- koe, ka hoatu he kano ārai mate e kiia nei ko te Rh immunoglobulin (RhIg) i ngā wā katoa hei ārai i te kino ki te pēpi.
He hononga kei waenganui i te momo toto me ētahi atu mate?
Kua rongo pea koe i ngā kōrero pēnei i te "Ko te hunga he momo toto pēnei te tūponotanga ka pāngia e te mate" me te "He hauora ake te hunga he momo toto pēnei." Kua kitea e ētahi rangahau he nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia te hunga he momo toto A, B, AB rānei e ngā mate pēnei i te mate manawa, engari ehara tēnei i te mea whakatau.
Kia maumahara, ehara tō momo toto i te mea e pāngia ai koe e te mate. He maha atu ngā mea e pāngia ana e tēnei, pērā i tō momo noho, ō tikanga kai, tō whakakori tinana, me te hītori whānau o te mate. Kāore he momo toto e "pai ake" ana, e "kino ake" ana rānei i tētahi atu. He mea tuku iho noa iho tēnei, pērā i te tae o ngā kanohi, te roa rānei.
Waihoki, e kōrero ana ētahi mō te "Kai Momo Toto." Engari kāore anō kia kitea he pūtake pūtaiao mō ēnei. Nō reira, ko te kai i te kai taurite te mea pai mō te katoa.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ka whakatauhia tō momo toto e ngā ira i riro mai i a koe i ō mātua. Kāore e taea te whakarerekē.
- I te wā e koha ana, e whiwhi ana rānei i te toto, he mahi whakaora te whakataurite i ngā momo toto. Ka mate pea te tangata i te whiwhi toto rerekē.
- He mea nui kia rapu tohutohu hauora i te wā e hapu ana, inā koa mēnā he Rh- te whaea, ā, he Rh+ te pēpi. Inaianei kei reira ngā maimoatanga whai hua mō tēnei.
- Ko te toto momo O kino (O-) he "kaituku toto whānui" ka taea te tuku ki te tangata katoa. Ko te toto momo AB pai (AB+) he "kaiwhiwhi toto whānui" ka taea te whiwhi toto mai i te tangata katoa.
- Kāore he momo toto e "hauora ake" ana, e "kino ake" ana rānei i tētahi atu. Nō reira kaua e mataku noa ki tō momo toto.
- Mena kāore koe i te mōhio ki tō momo toto, he mea pai kia pātai atu ki tō tākuta mō tēnei mea ina koha toto ana koe.
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