Kua whakaaro koe ki te nui o ngā mea e puta ana i roto i tēnei wāhi iti e kiia nei ko tō uma? Ko te tangi o te pao o tō tātou ngākau, o ia manawa e manawahia ana e tātou... ka puta katoa ēnei mea i roto i tētahi rūma tino motuhake, haumaru hoki i roto i tō tātou tinana. He rite ki tētahi pouaka haumaru e pupuri ana i ētahi o ā tātou taonga tino nui. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tēnei kōhao uma, e kiia nei i roto i ngā kupu hauora , ko te Kōhao Uma .
Nā, he aha tēnei kōhao uma?
Ki te kī māmā, ko te kōhao uma te wāhi takoto kau i roto i tō uma. Koinei te tuarua o ngā wāhi takoto kau nui rawa atu o tō tātou tinana. Ko te wāhi nui ake ko te kōhao puku i roto i tō tātou puku.
Ehara tēnei kōhao i te wāhi takoto kau noa iho. Kei roto i tēnei kōhao e noho haumaru ana ngā whekau maha e whai tikanga ana ki tō tātou oranga. Ko te mahi matua o tēnei kōhao ko te tiaki i aua whekau me ngā kiko whai hua. Whakaarohia, he rite ki te tiaki i tētahi taonga whai hua pakarukaru mā te whakanoho ki roto i tētahi pouaka pakari.
Kei roto i tēnei kōhao te mahi a ētahi pūnaha o roto i tō tātou tinana:
- Pūnaha manawa: Ko te tikanga tēnei ko te pūnaha e pā ana ki te manawa me ngā oko toto.
- Pūnaha manawa: Te pūnaha e whai wāhi ana ki tā tātou manawa.
- Pūnaha nakunaku: Ko te wāhanga o te pūnaha e āwhina ana i a tātou ki te nakunaku i te kai e kainga ana e tātou.
- Pūnaha ārai mate: Te pūnaha e tiaki ana i a tātou i ngā mate.
- Pūnaha io: Ko te pūnaha e kawe ana i ngā tohu mai i te roro puta noa i te tinana.
He aha ngā whekau kei roto i tēnei kōhao?
E rima ngā whekau nui kei roto i tēnei rūma haumaru e kiia nei ko te kōhao uma. Me titiro tātou ki ēnei whekau.
| Ōkana | Hei whakarāpopototanga... |
|---|---|
| Ngākau | Te motuka whakamiharo e pupuhi ana i te toto puta noa i ō tātou tinana, e mahi tonu ana. |
| Ngā pūkahukahu | Ina manawa tātou, koia te okana e tango ana i te hāora mai i te hau, e pana ana hoki i te hauhā waro kāore e hiahiatia ana e te tinana. |
| te korokoro | Ko te 'paipa kai' e kawe ana i te kai e kainga ana e tātou mai i te korokoro ki te puku. |
| Te rere o te roro | Ko ngā ' pūkahukahu' ngā ngongo e kawe ana i te hau e manawahia ana e tātou ki roto i ngā pukahukahu. |
| Te repe Thymus (Thymus) | He repe tēnei e pā ana ki tō tātou pūnaha ārai mate. He mea tino nui hei tiaki i a tātou mai i ngā mate, inā koa i a tātou e tamariki ana. |
Kei hea te tūnga o tēnei kōhao o te uma?
Kei roto i te uma te kōhao uma. Ka tīmata i raro noa i te kaki, ā, ka mutu ki te pito o ō tātou rara. E karapotia ana tēnei kōhao e tētahi pakitara i hangaia ki ngā wheua me ngā uaua kaha (te pakitara uma). Kia titiro tātou me pēhea te takoto o ōna rohe.
| Rohe | Kei hea, ā, he aha tāna mahi? |
|---|---|
| Te rohe o runga | Kei te pito rawa o te kaki tēnei. He rite ki te tatau ki te uma. Ka tomo te korokoro me te trachea i kōrerotia e tātou i mua ake nei ki te uma mā roto i tēnei tatau. Ka haere hoki ngā uaua toto me ngā io mā roto i tēnei tatau. |
| Rohe o raro | Ko te diaphragm tēnei rohe.He uaua nui tēnei, he āhua porowhita, kei raro i te ngākau me ngā pukahukahu. Ka wehea te uma me te puku e tēnei diaphragm nui. Ka puta ngā uaua toto me ngā io nui, pērā i ngā mea e haere ana mai i te uma ki te puku, mā roto i tēnei. |
| Rohe o mua | Koinei te sternum . He māmā noa iho, ko te wheua roa kei waenganui o te uma. |
| Rohe o muri | Ko te tuaiwi uma tēnei e kiia nei ko te tuarā . Arā, ko te wāhanga waenga o tō tātou tuara. |
| Ngā rohe taha | Ko ā tātou rara ēnei. Tekau mā rua ngā takirua rara e karapoti ana i tō tātou uma. He rite ēnei ki te whare herehere hei tiaki i ngā whekau o roto. |
He wāhanga kei roto i te kōhao uma?
Ae, e toru ngā "rūma" matua o roto i tēnei whare nui e kiia nei ko te kōhao uma.
- Te kōhao pleural matau: Koinei te wāhi kei reira te pukahukahu matau.
- Te kōhao pleural maui: Koinei te wāhi kei reira te pukahukahu maui.
- Mediastinum: Koinei te wāhi i waenganui i ngā pūkahukahu e rua. He maha ngā mea kei roto i tēnei wāhanga o waenganui, pērā i te ngākau, te trachea, me te esophagus.
Kua wehea anō te mediastinum.
Ka wehea tēnei wāhanga o waenganui, te mediastinum, kia iti ake ngā wāhanga. Mā tēnei wehenga ka āwhina ngā tākuta ki te tautuhi i te wāhi tika o te mate. E rua ngā huarahi hei wehewehe.
1. Te whakarōpūtanga tawhito: I ahu mai tēnei i ngā whakaahua hihi-X. Nō reira, e whā ngā wāhanga.
- Mediastinum teitei
- Te wāhanga kei mua o te ngākau (Anterior mediastinum)
- Te mediastinum waenga kei roto te ngākau
- Te wāhanga kei muri o te ngākau (Posterior mediastinum)
2. Whakarōpūtanga hou: I ahu mai tēnei i ngā whakaahua i tangohia mā te hangarau hou, pērā i ngā matawai CT. E toru ngā wāhanga.
- Te wāhanga kei mua o te ngākau (te wāhanga o mua o te ngākau)
- Ko te wāhanga o waenganui kei roto ko te ngākau (te wāhanga visceral)
- Te wāhanga kei muri i te ngākau (te wāhanga Paravertebral)
Koinei te tikanga hou e whakamahia whānuitia ana i tēnei wā, nā te mea kei te whakamahi ngā tākuta i ngā mea pēnei i ngā matawai CT hei tātaritanga mate.
Ehara te kōhao uma i te wāhi noa iho. He hanganga whakamiharo, he hanganga pai te whakaritenga e tiaki ana i ētahi o ngā whekau tino nui e tautoko ana i ō tātou oranga.
Ngā mate ka puta pea i roto i te kōhao uma
Nā te mea he okana tino nui, ka puta pea ngā momo mate hauora i roto i te kōhao uma. Koinei ētahi o ngā mate tino noa. Ki te kīia e tō tākuta tētahi kupu pēnei, ka hoatu he whakaaro whānui ki a koe mō tōna tikanga.
| Ingoa o te Āhuatanga | He aha te mea ka tupu ki tēnei? |
|---|---|
| Te aneurysm o te aorta | Ka ngoikore te oko toto matua e wehe atu ana i te ngākau (aorta) ka pupuhi pērā i te poihau. |
| Pūkahukahu kua hinga (Pneumothorax) | Ka turuturu te hau ki roto i te āputa huri noa i ngā pukahukahu, ka hinga ngā pukahukahu. |
| Te tamponade o te ngākau | Ka kohia te wai i roto i te kiriuhi angiangi e karapoti ana i te ngākau, ka puta te pēhanga ki runga i te ngākau. |
| Ngā puranga o te mediastinal | Ngā pukupuku, ngā matepukupuku rānei e puta ana i te wāhanga waenga o te uma (mediastinum). |
| Te Pleurisy | Te mumura o te pleura, te kiriuhi e karapoti ana i ngā pukahukahu. Te mamae nui o te uma i te wā e manawa ana. |
| Matepukupuku pūkahukahu | Ngā āhuatanga matepukupuku i roto i ngā pukahukahu. |
Ngā tikanga hei tirotiro i te hauora o ēnei whekau
Mena kei te whakapae tō tākuta he raruraru kei roto i te uma, he maha ngā whakamātautau ka taea e ia te whakamahi hei whakaū.
- X-ray o te uma: Mā tēnei ka taea te tirotiro i te āhua taketake o te ngākau, ngā pukahukahu, me ngā wheua.
- Matawai CT (Matawai Tomography Rorohiko): Ka taea e tēnei te whakaputa i ngā whakaahua toru-ahu (3D) he mārama ake, he taipitopito ake i te hihi-X.
- Pūkahukahu: He whakamātautau e tukuna ana he ngongo me te kāmera iti mā te puku o te ihu hei tirotiro i roto i ngā pukahukahu.
- Thoracoscopy: He whakamātautau e titiro ana ki roto i te kōhao o te uma mā te hanga i tētahi kōhao iti ki te pakitara o te uma, ka whakauru i tētahi kāmera mā roto.
Ngā mea ka taea e tātou te mahi hei pupuri i te hauora o te kōhao uma
He mea tino nui te pupuri i te hauora o tēnei okana utu nui, ā, e whai ake nei ētahi mea ngāwari hei āwhina.
- Kaua e momi hikareti rawa: He tino kino ngā hikareti, te vaping, me ētahi atu hua tupeka ki ō pukahukahu me tō ngākau. Nō reira me matara rawa atu i a rātou.
- Whakakorikori tinana i ngā wā katoa: Ngāna kia 150 meneti te iti rawa o ngā mahi whakakorikori tinana kaha-waenga (hei tauira, te hikoi tere, te oma, te eke pahikara) ia wiki.
- Kai i ngā kai hauora mō te ngākau: Whakaitihia ngā kai he nui te ngako kararehe (ngako kukū), te tote, me te huka. Tāpirihia ngā kai he nui ngā hua, ngā huawhenua, ngā pīni, ngā nati, me ngā ika ki roto i tāu kai.
- Tirohia tō tākuta i te iti rawa kotahi i te tau mō tētahi tirotiro hauora auau. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i a koe ki te tautuhi wawe i ngā raruraru.
Kia maumahara ki te toro atu ki te tākuta tonu atu mēnā ka pā mai ngā tohu pēnei i te mamae o te uma, te uaua ki te manawa, te maremare tonu rānei.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ko te kōhao uma te ruma i roto i tō uma e tiaki ana i ō whekau tino nui.
- Kei roto i tēnei kōhao ngā whekau e tika ana mō te ora, pērā i te ngākau, ngā pukahukahu, te korokoro, me te trachea.
- E tiakina ana tēnei kōhao e tētahi anga kaha i hangaia mai i ngā rara, te wheua o waenganui o te uma (sternum), me te tuaiwi.
- Mā te karo i te momi hikareti, te kai i ngā kai pai, me te whakakori tinana i ngā wā katoa ka āwhina i te tiaki i te hauora o ngā okana i roto i tēnei kōhao.
- Ki te pā mai ētahi tohu rerekē ki tō uma (mamae, uaua ki te manawa), me kōrero koe ki tō tākuta.
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