Whakaarohia kua haere koe ki te tākuta mō tētahi tirotiro auau. Ka whakatakotoria e te tākuta he stethoscope ki tō uma, ka whakarongo mārie mō tētahi wā, ka mea, "Hmm... ka rongo ahau i tētahi haruru iti o te ngākau." Ka ohorere te pao o tō ngākau, kāore? "He haruru? He aha tēnei? He mate kino?" He mea noa te puta ake o ngā pātai maha ki te hinengaro. Ahakoa he tokomaha te hunga e wehi ana i tēnei kupu, ehara i te mea he morearea ngā haruru ngākau katoa. Nō reira, me te kore e roa, me kōrero taipitopito tātou, he tino māmā noa iho, mō te aha tēnei 'Haruru Ngākau', te take e puta ai, me ngā mea e tika ana kia mōhio tātou mōna.
He aha rawa te 'Haruru o te Ngākau'?
Hei mārama ki tēnei, me titiro tuatahi tātou ki te mahi a tō tātou ngākau. He mīhini whakamiharo te ngākau e pupuhi ana i te toto puta noa i ō tātou tinana. I roto i tēnei ngākau, e whā ngā rūma me ngā 'takirere' e whā e mahi ana pērā i ngā tatau i waenganui i a rātou. I ia wā e pā ana te ngākau, ka tuwhera, ka kati ēnei takirere i roto i te raupapa. Mā tēnei, ka rere te toto i te kotahi noa te huarahi.
Ina whakarongo te tākuta me te stethoscope, ka puta i te ngākau hauora ngā oro "lub-dub" e rua. Koinei te tangi o te katinga o te takirere i kōrerotia e au.
Heoi, i ētahi wā, hei tāpiri atu ki tēnei tangi "lub-dub", ka rangona he tangi "whooshing" he "swishing" rānei . He rite ki te whiunga o tētahi kōhatu ki roto i tētahi awa e tere haere ana, ka pōrearea te wai, ka puta he tangi. Ko taua tangi tāpiri te mea e kiia nei e tātou he "Heart Murmur" i roto i te rongoā.
He māmā noa iho, ko te ngunguru o te ngākau he oro tāpiri e rangona ana nā te rere o te toto rerekē, pōrearea hoki i te wa e rere ana te toto i roto i te ngākau.
Kaua e mataku nā te mea ka rongo koe i tēnei tangi. E rua ngā momo ngunguru. Ko tētahi he "ngunguru harakore" kāore he kino, ehara i te mea nā te mate. Ko tētahi he "ngunguru rerekē" i puta mai i te raruraru o te ngākau.
Ngā momo Murmur me tōna hiranga
Ina rongo te tākuta i te ngunguru, ka aro nui rātou ki te wā e puta ai i roto i te huringa ngākau. Mā tēnei ka mārama rātou ki tōna kaha.
| Momo ngunguru | Te wā whakarongo | He aha te tikanga o tēnei? |
|---|---|---|
| Haumi Systolic | Ina kōpiri te uaua o te ngākau (ina pupuhi te ngākau i te toto) | Koinei ngā mea tino noa. I te nuinga o te wā, kāore pea i te harakore. Engari i ētahi wā, ka puta mai i te raruraru o te takirere o te ngākau. |
| Hauātanga Diastolic | Ina okioki te uaua o te ngākau (ina kī tonu te ngākau i te toto) | He nui ake te tūponotanga o tēnei momo ngunguru hei tohu mō tētahi mate manawa, nō reira he mea nui kia rangahauhia atu ēnei. |
| Hamumu Tonu | Ka tangi tonu te ngākau ina kuiti, ina wātea hoki. | Ka taea hoki ēnei te puta mai i tētahi raruraru pēnei i te mate ngākau whānau. |
Haunga tēnei whakarōpūtanga, ka whakaarohia hoki e te tākuta te kaha o te ngunguru. Ka whakarōpūtia mai i te taumata 1 ki te 6. Ko te Taumata 1 he oro ka taea anake te whakarongo mā te whakamahi i te stethoscope me te uaua nui, ā, mēnā ka aro nui koe. Ko te Taumata 6 he oro e kaha ana te whakarongo ahakoa kāore te stethoscope e pēhihia ki te uma, engari e whakanohoia ana ki runga ake i te kiri.
He aha ngā mea ka puta ai te ngunguru o te ngākau?
He maha ngā take e puta ai te ngunguru. Me wehewehe kia rua ngā wāhanga.
1. Ngā Kōrero Harakore
Kāore ēnei i puta mai i tētahi mate ngākau. Ko te mea e tupu ana i konei, ahakoa he hauora te ngākau, ka rangona he tangi tāpiri nā te tere o te rere o te toto i roto. He mea noa ēnei āhuatanga:
- I te wā kōhungahunga: He maha ngā tamariki nohinohi e kōrero ana i ēnei ngunguru harakore. Ka memeha haere ēnei i a rātou e pakeke haere ana.
- I te wā e hapu ana: I te wā e hapu ana, ka piki ake te nui o te toto o te whaea, ka kaha ake te mahi a te ngākau. Ka piki ake pea te rere o te toto, ka rangona hoki he ngunguru. I te nuinga o te wā ka ngaro atu tēnei i muri i te whānautanga o te pēpi.
- I te wā e whakakorikori tinana ana: Ina whakakorikori tinana tātou, ka piki ake te tere o te manawa, nō reira ka rangona pea he ngunguru.
- Ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te kirika, te anemia rānei: I ēnei wā, ka rangona pea he ngunguru mō tētahi wā poto nā te mea kei te tere ake te mahi a te ngākau.
2. Ngā Take hei Tūpato (Ngā Kōrero Āhua Kore)
Ka puta mai ēnei momo ngunguru i te mate o te ngākau, i tētahi atu mate hauora rānei. Kia mārama tātou i te ripanga i raro nei.
| Āhua | He whakamārama māmā | Ētahi atu tohu pea |
|---|---|---|
| Mate Takirere Manawa | He aukati i te rere o te toto nā te kore e tuwhera tika te takirere o te ngākau (te whakatōtōtanga o te takirere) kāore rānei e kati tika (te ruaki o te takirere). | Te uaua ki te manawa, te mamae o te uma, te pupuhi o te pona waewae, te hemo o te ngākau. |
| Ngā Kore o te Ngākau Whānau | Te kitea o ngā hapa hanganga pēnei i ngā kōhao i roto i ngā pakitara o te ngākau (ngā hapa septal) i te whānautanga. | Mō ngā tamariki nohinohi, he kikorangi te kiri, he puhoi te tipu, ā, he tere ake te manawa. |
| Te Cardiomyopathy Hypertrophic | Te matotorutanga rerekē o te uaua o te ngākau. Tērā pea nā te ira tangata, te toto toto tiketike, te werohanga rānei i puta ai tēnei. | Mamae o te uma (ina koa i te wā e whakakorikori ana), poto te manawa, hemo te ngākau, te kikī o te uma. |
| Te mate puku o te ngākau | Ka uru ngā iroriki pēnei i te huakita ki roto i te toto ka pangia te arai o roto, ngā takirere rānei o te ngākau. | Te kirika mau tonu, te makariri, te ngenge nui, me te whero o te kiri. |
| Te mate taiaki toto nui | Te pikinga ake o te tere o te ngakau nā te nui rawa o te homoni e hangaia ana e te repe tairoi. | Te piki haere o te tere o te ngakau, te ngaronga o te taumaha, te werawera nui, te kore okiokinga. |
Me pēhea te tautuhi i te ngunguru? He aha ngā whakamātautau e mahia ana?
Ko te huarahi matua ki te tautuhi i te ngunguru ko te whakarongo a tō tākuta ki tō ngākau mā te whakamahi i te stethoscope. I taua wā, ka āta tirotirohia e ia ngā mea pēnei i te tangi o te ngunguru, te wāhi e rangona ana, me te wā.
Hei mārama ake i te āhua o te ngunguru, ka tono pea tō tākuta kia mahi koe i ngā mea maha.
- E mea ana kia noho koe, kia tū, kia piko rānei ki mua.
- Ka mea mai ia kia pupuri ahau i taku manawa mō tētahi wā.
- Ka mea ia ki a rātou kia pūmau ō rātou ringa, kia whakakaha hoki.
Mā te āhua o te rerekētanga o te ngunguru ina mahi koe i ēnei mea ka taea e koe te hoatu ētahi tohu mō te take.
Mena he ruarua tā te tākuta mō te ngunguru, ki te whakaaro rānei ia he mea rerekē, ka tūtohu ia i ētahi atu whakamātautau hei whakatau i te tino take.
- Te hikohiko o te manawa (ECG): Ka tirohia e tēnei whakamātautau te ngohe hiko o te ngākau, ā, ka āwhina ki te kite i ngā raruraru o te manawataki o te ngākau.
- X-ray o te uma: Ka taea te whakamahi i tēnei hei tirotiro i ngā mea pēnei i te ngākau nui me te kohikohinga wai i roto i ngā pukahukahu.
- Echocardiogram (Echo): Koinei te whakamātautau tino nui, tino tika hoki hei kimi i te pūtake o te ngunguru. Ka whakamahia e tēnei matawai ngā ngaru oro hei tango whakaahua ora o te ngākau, kia taea ai e koe te kite i ngā mea katoa mai i te mahi a ngā takirere ngākau, ki te matotoru o te uaua ngākau, ki te pai o te pupuhi o te ngākau.
Me rongoā te Murmur?
Ko te whakautu ki tēnei pātai e whakawhirinaki ana ki te take o te ngunguru.
I te nuinga o te wā , kāore e hiahiatia he rongoā mō ngā ngunguru harakore. Ka ngaro noa atu i te roanga o te wā, ka noho kore kino rānei i te roanga o te oranga.
Heoi, ki te mea nā te mate takirere o te ngākau, nā tētahi atu mate kino rānei i puta ai te ngunguru, me tino hiahiatia he maimoatanga.
- Ngā Rongoā: Ka tohua ngā rongoā i runga i te pūtake. Hei tauira, hei whakahaere i te toto toto tiketike, hei whakahaere i te tere o te ngakau, hei ārai i te toto totoka, i roto rānei i te take o te mate pēnei i te endocarditis, ka hoatu ngā paturopi.
- Pokanga:Mena kua tino pakaru te takirere o te ngākau, me mahi pea he pokanga hei whakatika (whakatika takirere) hei whakakapi rānei ki tētahi takirere hou (whakakapinga takirere). Ka mahia hoki he pokanga hei whakatika i ngā hapa ngākau whānau.
Ko te mea nui , mā te tākuta e tirotiro i a koe e whakatau te maimoatanga tino tika māu. Nō reira, he mea nui kia tino whai i ana tohutohu.
Āhea te rapu tohutohu hauora tonu
Ahakoa e mōhio ana koe he murmur ngākau tōu, kaua e warewarehia tetahi o ngā tohu e whai ake nei.
- Te mamae ohorere o te uma
- He uaua nui ki te manawa
- Te ngoikore/te koretake o te manawa
- Te tae kikorangi o ngā ngutu, o te kiri rānei (Cyanosis)
- Ngā palpitations (te ahua kei te tere te patu o tō ngakau, kei te hē rānei te patu)
Ki te pāngia koe e tētahi o ēnei tohu, he āhuatanga ohorere pea tēnei. Nō reira, haere tonu ki te Tari Ohorere (ETU) o te hōhipera tata. Mā te moumou taima ka kino ake te raruraru.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ko te 'Haruru o te Ngākau' he oro tāpiri e rangona ana i te wā e pupuhi ana te toto i te ngākau. Kāore he take e mataku ai mēnā ka rongo koe i tēnei.
- He maha ngā haumeme, inā koa ko ngā mea e rangona ana e ngā tamariki, he momo 'harakore', kāore he kino e pā mai ana.
- Ki te mea mai te tākuta he ngunguru tōu, kaua e mataku, ā, me whakamātautau i ngā mea e tika ana (ina koa he whakamātautau echo) kia kitea ai te tino take.
- Ahakoa kāore e hiahiatia he rongoā mō ngā ngunguru ngawari, me rongoā te ngunguru i puta mai i tētahi mate hauora i runga anō i te pūtake.
- Ki te pāngia koe e ngā tohu kino pēnei i te mamae o te uma, te uaua ki te manawa, te hemo rānei, rapua tonutia he tohutohu hauora.
- Tiakina tō ngākau. Mā ngā tirotiro hauora auau ka kitea wawetia ngā mate ngākau.
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