ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯕꯤ.ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯤꯔꯝꯂꯕꯔꯥ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ (ꯕꯤ.ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯟ.- ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯅꯥꯏꯠꯔꯣꯖꯦꯟ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ)

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯀꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ‘BUN’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯈꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤ, "ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?" ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯉꯁꯤꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤ.ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ꯫

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯅꯥꯏꯠꯔꯣꯖꯦꯟ (BUN) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯛ ꯐꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯤꯌꯨ...

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯟ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯉꯥ, ꯉꯥ, ꯁꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯝ, ꯂꯦꯟꯇꯤꯜ, ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯗꯥ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯜꯂꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ‘ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯅꯥꯏꯠꯔꯣꯖꯦꯟ’ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯕꯥꯏꯞꯔꯗꯛꯇ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯅꯥꯏꯠꯔꯣꯖꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯏꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯧꯏ꯫ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯕꯤ.ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯏꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ BUN ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ BUNꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕꯤ.ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯄꯂꯅꯤ .

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯕꯤ.ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯟ.

BUN ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

• ꯔꯨꯇꯤꯟ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯆꯦꯀꯑꯞ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯍꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯀꯑꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖ (ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯍꯦꯟꯁꯤꯚ ꯃꯦꯇꯥꯕꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯄꯦꯅꯦꯜ - CMP ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕꯦꯁꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯇꯥꯕꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯄꯦꯅꯦꯜ - BMP) ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ BUN ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ, ꯍꯥꯏ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯁꯨ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
• ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯍꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ: ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯖ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯌꯨ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ (ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ)꯫
• ꯐꯣꯝ, ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯁꯪꯂꯕꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ꯫
• ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯈꯨꯠ, ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ, ꯃꯃꯤꯠ, ꯃꯥꯌ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ꯫
• ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ꯫

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BUN ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯛ ꯐꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯥ: ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ (ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯞꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯥ) ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ BUN ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯔꯣꯖꯥ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ: ꯂꯦꯕꯇꯥ, ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯁꯤꯌꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯤꯗꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗ ꯈꯔꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯦꯕꯀꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯕꯤ.ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯕꯥ, ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯏ ꯄꯤꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯕꯤ.ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ BUN ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯗꯦꯁꯤꯂꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ (mg/dL)ꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ BUN ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ 7 mg/dL ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 20 mg/dLꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ, ꯖꯦꯟꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯕꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗꯤ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ BUN ꯔꯤꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ BUN ꯔꯤꯗꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯎꯠꯄꯤꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯤꯌꯨ꯫

BUN ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯕꯤ.ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯕꯤ.ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯌꯦꯇꯤꯅꯤꯟ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯌꯦꯇꯤꯅꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯕꯤ.ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯌꯦꯇꯤꯅꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯕꯤ.ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯟ./ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯤꯟ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯁꯤ 10:1 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 20:1ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯖꯤ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ (ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯃꯦꯔꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯐꯤꯜꯠꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯔꯦꯠ)

ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ (% ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ)ꯒꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ GFR ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯕꯤ.ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯕꯤ.ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯕꯤ.ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ BUN ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯜ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯐꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯜ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯕꯤ.ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡ:

• ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯎ : ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ 8-10 ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯩ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯊꯀꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯁꯨ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ: ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯇꯇꯥ ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯎꯍꯩ-ꯋꯥꯍꯩ, ꯆꯦꯡ, ꯑꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

BUN ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ (ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯂꯕꯗꯤ):

BUN ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯜ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ (ꯌꯨ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ)꯫