ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯄꯤꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯗꯤ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ꯫
ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯔꯁ꯭ꯠ-ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫
ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫
ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ "ꯐꯣꯛꯁꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯕ" ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯃꯔꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ "ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯥꯏꯀꯣꯁꯥꯏꯗ" ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ:
- ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯏꯂꯔ (Hart Failure): ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯑꯦꯠꯔꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯇꯔ (atrial flutter): ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡ (atria) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯑꯦꯠꯔꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯐꯥꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯂꯦꯁꯟ (Afib): ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯗꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ?
ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
1. ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯂꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯣꯇꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯣꯇꯣꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫
2. ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯒꯅꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯄꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯋꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯁꯤ꯫
ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
| ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ꯫ | ꯋꯥꯔꯣꯜ |
|---|---|
| ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫ | ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ꯫ |
| ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯍꯣꯡꯏ꯫ | ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ, ꯌꯦꯜꯂꯣ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ |
| ꯃꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯥꯡꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ , ꯅꯤꯜ ꯈꯣꯡꯕꯥ, ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯥ꯫ |
| ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯐꯤꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫ | ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯥ, ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ꯫ |
| ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫ | ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯕꯤꯠ (Atrial Tachycardia), ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ (Hart Block)꯫ |
| ꯒꯥꯏꯅꯣꯀꯣꯃꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯌꯥ꯫ | ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯤꯟ-ꯃꯅꯥꯑꯣꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯏ . |
ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯣꯛꯁꯤꯁꯤꯇꯤ꯫
ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ "ꯗꯥꯏꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯒꯣꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯄꯂꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯜ: ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ, ꯂꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯦꯅꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ 0.5 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 2.0ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯜ (0.5 - 2.0 ng/mL) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯩ꯫
- ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯣꯛꯁꯤꯁꯤꯇꯤ (Digoxin Toxicity): ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯒꯣꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ 2.0 ng/mLꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯣꯛꯁꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯗꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯒꯦ?
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:
- ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ: ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ , ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩ꯫
- ꯑꯇꯩ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ, ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯜ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯁꯤꯡ)ꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯅꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯇꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
- ꯆꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ : ꯐꯤꯕꯔ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯕꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯤꯕꯔ ꯁꯞꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
- ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯇꯥꯁꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯇꯥꯁꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯦꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ (ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣꯀꯦꯂꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ) ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯣꯛꯁꯤꯁꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫
ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?
ꯋꯥꯒꯅꯨ. ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯐꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
1. ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ: ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ, ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯨ꯫
2. ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯣꯏ: ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
3. ꯑꯇꯩ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ (ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ, ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯥꯌꯨꯔꯕꯦꯗꯀꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ) ꯍꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯂꯧꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯌꯨ꯫
4. ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫
ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯣꯛꯁꯤꯁꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
| ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯨ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯄꯥꯔꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ (ETU)ꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫ |
|---|
| - ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ꯫ |
| - ꯆꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯠꯄꯥ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ/ ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫ |
| - ꯈꯨꯠ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫ |
| - ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ (ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯜꯂꯣ/ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯟ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯔ ꯚꯤꯖꯟ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ) |
| - ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ꯫ |
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯄꯣꯏꯖꯟ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ "ꯗꯥꯏꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯏꯝꯝꯌꯨꯟ ꯐꯦꯕ" ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯗꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯧ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
- ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯣꯛꯁꯤꯁꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
- ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ (ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯄꯦꯟ ꯀꯤꯂꯥꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯥ) ꯍꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯂꯧꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
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