ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ!

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯔꯝꯂꯒꯅꯤ? ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯏꯂꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯉꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯌꯨꯠ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯏꯂꯔꯅꯤ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯉꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯏꯂꯔꯅꯤ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯗꯥ ꯌꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯟꯗ-ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ (ESKD) . ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯀꯦ.ꯗꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ?

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯀꯗꯥꯌꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯈꯉꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯕ ꯀꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ, ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯤ . ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ (ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ)꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ? ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯔꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ, ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯈꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯂꯥꯈ ꯷.꯵ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯨꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯨꯔꯒꯗꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯲ꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛꯗꯁꯨ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯕꯦꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯏ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯃꯉꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏ.ꯖꯤ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯥꯔ.(ꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯃꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯃꯦꯔꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯔꯦꯠ) ꯌꯦꯡꯏ꯫ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯏ.ꯖꯤ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯏ.ꯖꯤ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯹꯰ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯏ.ꯖꯤ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯥꯔ.

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯃꯉꯥ ꯂꯩ:

• ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ I: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ GFR ꯑꯁꯤ 90ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯁꯨ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ II: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ GFR ꯑꯁꯤ 60 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 89ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ Iꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯆꯤꯜꯂꯀꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ III: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ GFR ꯑꯁꯤ 30 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 59ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ IV: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ GFR ꯑꯁꯤ 15 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 29ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ V: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ GFR ꯑꯁꯤ 15ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯉꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯋꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯉꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ , ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ (CKD)ꯅꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ:

• ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ (fatigue)꯫ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯈꯤꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ꯫ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
• ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ (edema)꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯠ, ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯗꯝꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯁꯨ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯁꯜ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯤꯝꯐꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ꯫
• ꯆꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯠꯄꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ .

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯕꯦꯇꯤꯁ ꯃꯦꯂꯤꯇꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯏ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔꯅꯤ . ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯨꯒꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ (ꯍꯥꯌꯄꯔꯒ꯭ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ)꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯨꯒꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯋꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ:

• ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ (PKD): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯥ-ꯃꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯖꯤꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ (cysts) ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫
• ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯃꯦꯔꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯁꯤꯡ: ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯏꯝꯌꯨꯟ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ: ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯂꯨꯄꯁ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯏꯝꯌꯨꯟ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯝꯝꯌꯨꯟ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ, ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ-ꯈꯨꯠ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯑꯦꯛꯌꯨꯠ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯏꯅꯖꯨꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤ꯫ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ:

• ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯟ ꯀꯤꯂꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯍꯥꯌꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫
• ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯣꯕꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯥꯀꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯤꯛ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ (ꯍꯥꯌꯄꯔꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ) ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ (ꯍꯦꯔꯤꯇꯦꯖ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯗꯤꯁꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ) ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ (ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ)꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯶꯰ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯟ ꯀꯤꯂꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ , ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯔꯃꯥꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ NSAIDꯁꯤꯡ (ꯅꯟ-ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯏꯗ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤ-ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯡ)꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ:

• ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯃꯤꯌꯥ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯠꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯗ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ꯫
• ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯂꯥꯏꯠ ꯏꯃꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯇꯥꯁꯤꯌꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯕꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯉꯥꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ-ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ- ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯆꯤꯜꯂꯛꯇꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯦꯟꯗ-ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯔꯦꯅꯁꯃꯋꯥꯌꯔꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯑꯦꯟꯗ-ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯔꯦꯅꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ (ESKD) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯈꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯆꯠꯊꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯣꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯈꯩ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ?

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ:

• ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯤꯗꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯏ.ꯖꯤ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯥꯔ .
• ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ (Urine tests): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯅꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ , ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ .

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯈꯩ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯗ-ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ , ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯍꯤꯡꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ: ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇ .

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯑꯦꯟꯖꯤꯑꯣꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯟ-ꯀꯅꯚꯥꯔꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ (ACE) ꯏꯅꯍꯤꯕꯤꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯖꯤꯑꯣꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯟ II ꯔꯤꯁꯦꯞꯇꯔ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯀꯔꯁꯤꯡ (ARBs): ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
• ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ‘ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯂꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
• ꯏꯔꯤꯊ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯣꯏꯇꯤꯟ-ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯝꯌꯨꯂꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯔꯦꯗ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
• ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ D ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
• ꯐꯣꯁꯐꯦꯠ ꯕꯥꯏꯟꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯣꯁꯐꯔꯁ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:

• ꯍꯦꯃꯣꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯞꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯍꯨꯝꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯃꯣꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ: ꯱.ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ (catheter) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯒ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕꯦꯒ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯒ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯜꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯨꯠ ꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ (ꯗꯣꯅꯔ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯅꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯅꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯤꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯑꯦꯟꯗ-ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯔꯦꯅꯁꯃꯋꯥꯌꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ, ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯤꯚꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ , ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ (CKD) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯤꯚꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯨꯇꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ CKD ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ:

• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ (ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ)꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯨꯒꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ .
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ .
• ꯇꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ (ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯄꯣꯇꯥꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ (ꯁꯣꯜꯇ) ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯩ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯈꯔꯗꯁꯨ ꯄꯣꯇꯥꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯅꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯟꯗꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ:

• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ (ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ, ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ, ꯐꯣꯃꯕꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ, ꯏ)꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯐꯣꯒ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯟꯁꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ)꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯗꯤ .

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯃꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯈꯩ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯍꯪꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯪꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ:

• ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯒꯅꯤ?
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?
• ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
• ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?
• ꯀꯔꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ?
• ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯆꯨꯝꯂꯕꯔꯥ?
• ꯑꯩꯉꯣꯟꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ?
• ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯇꯇꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?
• ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯖꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯂꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯌꯧꯔꯀꯄꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯂꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯀꯦꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯄꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ, ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯍꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫

` ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ, ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ, ꯍꯥꯏ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ, ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫