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🎂 — | ♂/♀ M/F | ⚖️ — kg | 📏 — cm | BMI — | 👟 —
⚡ 88%
🩺 General and Preventive Health

ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯣꯄꯦꯊꯤ (ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

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📅 Updated: Jul 15, 2026 • ⏱ 7 min read • ꯑꯦꯗꯤꯇꯣꯔꯤꯌꯜ ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯁꯤ꯫
ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯣꯄꯦꯊꯤ (ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?
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ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯃꯦꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯨꯒꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤꯕꯔꯥ? ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ, ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯕꯦꯇꯤꯁꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ‘ꯗꯥꯏꯕꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯣꯄꯦꯊꯤ’꯫

⚡ Interactive Clinical Tool
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BMI Calculator

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ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯕꯥ, ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯨꯒꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯋꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯆꯤꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯏꯖꯅꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯩꯁꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯃꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

  • ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯕꯦꯂꯨꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ (microaneurysms) ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤꯁꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯀꯨꯂꯥꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯎꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯃꯦꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯏꯗꯤꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯆꯤꯜꯂꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯤꯠꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯩ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯅꯤꯑꯣꯚꯥꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ (hemorrhages) ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯥꯔ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯟ ꯗꯤꯇꯆꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯀꯣꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯠꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛꯇꯪ ꯑꯣꯐꯊꯥꯂꯃꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯀꯥꯑꯣꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ:

1. ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯪꯅꯕꯥ: ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯍꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫

2. ꯚꯤꯖꯟ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯚꯤꯖꯟ ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯏ ꯆꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫

꯳.ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ: ꯃꯊꯪꯗꯥ,ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯐꯊꯥꯂꯃꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯞ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

꯴.ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯔꯤꯈꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯠ ꯂꯦꯝꯄ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯑꯣꯔꯁꯦꯟ ꯑꯦꯟꯖꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯜꯂꯣ ꯗꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯅꯖꯦꯀꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯐꯣꯇꯣ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯏ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯕꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯄꯦꯁꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯀꯣꯃꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯣꯄꯦꯊꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯐꯊꯥꯂꯃꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯃꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯔꯣꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯨꯒꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ, ꯍꯥꯏ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯂꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯃꯔꯣꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯣꯐꯊꯥꯂꯃꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯏ꯫

ꯂꯦꯖꯔ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ (ꯂꯦꯖꯔ ꯐꯣꯇꯣꯀꯣꯑꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ)

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯐꯜ ꯄꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯖꯔ ꯕꯤꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ "ꯁꯤꯜ" ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ, ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯦꯖꯔ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯖꯦꯂꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ (vitreous) ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯥꯔ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯍꯨꯠ ꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯤ:

1. ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯨꯒꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ, ꯏꯅꯁꯨꯂꯤꯟ, ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯄꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯨꯒꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯖꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯒꯅꯨ꯫

2. ꯆꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇꯥꯏꯞ 1 ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ 5ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯥꯏꯞ 2 ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯈꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

  • ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯅꯕꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯆꯤꯜꯂꯛꯇꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯍꯥꯏ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ, ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯜ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯕꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯣꯄꯦꯊꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯆꯤꯜꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧ꯫
  • ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯌꯨ꯫
  • ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯣꯄꯦꯊꯤꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫
ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯐꯊꯥꯂꯃꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯆꯤꯜꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ (black spots) ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ)꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯈꯩ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯝ (ETU) ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯨꯒꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯒꯅꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯅꯤꯡꯂꯕꯗꯤ꯫ ꯚꯤꯖꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯍꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

  • ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯎꯠꯇꯕꯁꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯨꯒꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯜ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛꯇꯪ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯣꯐꯊꯥꯂꯃꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ .
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯍꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯒꯅꯨ꯫
🔍 Search Keywords: retinopathy causes treatments • retinopathy causes treatments symptoms • retinopathy causes treatments causes and treatment • retinopathy causes treatments sri lanka • ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯅꯣꯄꯦꯊꯤ (ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

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