ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? (ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯥꯊꯤꯌꯥ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯔꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯨꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯂꯦꯞꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯎꯈꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯥꯊꯤꯌꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ (Retrognathia) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ?

ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯊꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯃꯤꯁꯥꯏꯂꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯂꯣꯛꯂꯨꯁꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯖꯂꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯒꯨꯝ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯨꯁꯤꯟꯅꯗꯦ꯫ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯃꯤꯟꯅꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ (Mandibular retrognathia) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ (Retrognathism) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

(Retrognathia)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ (Retrognathia) ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:

1. ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ: ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ . ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯥ-ꯃꯄꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯁꯨ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

2. ꯑꯦꯛꯕꯤꯌꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ: ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯊꯤꯌꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ , ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ (thumb sucking)ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯊꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯎꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯆꯥꯕꯥ, ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯅꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯝ ꯄꯤꯖꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯣꯝꯂꯥꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕꯣꯇꯂꯒꯤ ꯁꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯝ ꯄꯤꯖꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ (jaw pain): ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯄꯤꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯤꯠꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ: ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ (speech disorders): ꯑꯛꯁꯔ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛ ꯄꯤꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯠꯁꯤꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ: ꯃꯈꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯀꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯜꯗ (retrognathia) ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯊꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ:

• (ꯍꯦꯃꯤꯐꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯁꯣꯃꯤꯌꯥ): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
• ꯐꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯥ: ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯀꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯅꯥꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ (Nager syndrome): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯠ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯌꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯚꯦꯂꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• (Pierre-Robin syndrome): ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯃꯥꯌꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯚꯦꯂꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫
• ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯀꯣꯂꯤꯟꯁ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ (treacher Collins syndrome): ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯍꯦꯔꯤꯇꯦꯖ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠ, ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ, ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ (Retrognathia) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ: ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯆꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯒꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ: ꯱.
• ꯃꯆꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ (malnutrition): ꯃꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯠꯄꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯞ ꯑꯦꯄꯅꯤꯌꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯣꯔꯣꯃꯦꯟꯗꯤꯕꯨꯂꯔ ꯖꯣꯟ (TMJ) ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ (Retrognathia) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯊꯤꯌꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯁꯦꯐꯥꯂꯣꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦꯒꯤ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯣꯇꯣ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯀꯩꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯃꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯠꯔꯤꯀꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯅꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯊꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕꯅꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ:

1. ꯑꯣꯔꯊꯣꯗꯣꯟꯇꯤꯛꯁ: ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ (Retrognathia) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, (ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ) , (ꯍꯦꯗꯖꯤꯌꯥꯔ)ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ (ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ 14 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 18ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ) ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

2. ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯊꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯊꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯊꯣꯗꯣꯟꯇꯤꯛ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯣꯏ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯊꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯞ ꯑꯦꯄꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ:

• ꯃꯥꯎꯊ ꯒꯥꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯞ ꯑꯦꯄꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ꯫
• ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ: ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯆ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ: ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯂꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯊꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ, ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯜꯗ ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯊꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ, ꯑꯣꯔꯊꯣꯗꯣꯟꯇꯤꯛꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫

(Retrognathia) ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯊꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯉꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯩꯅꯕꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯈꯩ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯧ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯠꯔꯤꯀꯀꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯌꯨ:

• ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯆꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ "ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯛ" ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ, ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ)꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ (Retrognathia)ꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯍꯪꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯊꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯒꯦ?
• ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?
• ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?
• ꯍꯤꯞ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
• ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

(Retrognathia), (Micrognathia) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ (Overbite)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

• (Retrognathia) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯈꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯃꯈꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯇꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯊꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯆꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯇꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯊꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯕꯥꯏꯠ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯃꯈꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯒꯤ ꯀꯁꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯉꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯁꯃꯁ꯭ꯌꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯊꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

• ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯊꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯞ ꯑꯦꯄꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯊꯣꯗꯣꯟꯇꯤꯛꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯩ꯫ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫

` ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯊꯤꯌꯥ, ꯆꯤꯟ, ꯃꯦꯟꯗꯤꯕꯜ, ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ, ꯃꯦꯂꯣꯛꯂꯨꯁꯟ, ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯑꯣꯔꯊꯣꯗꯣꯟꯇꯤꯛꯁ꯫