ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯟ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯋꯥꯈꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ "ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ?" ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ? "ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ" ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ "ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯅꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯒꯅꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯑꯦꯗꯒꯤ ꯖꯦꯗ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ꯫
ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯅꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯅꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯕꯣꯟ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯝ (breastbone) ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯈꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯪꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯐ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ (ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ `ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯅꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ` ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫
ꯊꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯌꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯀꯊꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ, ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ (ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯆꯤ 2-3) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ `ꯃꯤꯅꯤ-ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯅꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ` ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫
ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯅꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ?
ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯅꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 8ꯅꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯅꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯟ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯟ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯌ ꯄꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ? ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ꯫
ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
| ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ꯫ | ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ? |
|---|---|
| ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯱ | ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯛꯀꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ |
| 2. ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ (skin incision)꯫ | ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯂꯥꯔꯕꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯟꯆꯤ 6 ꯋꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ |
| ꯳.ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯅꯝ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯣ (`sternal saw`) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ |
| ꯴.ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ (``ꯔꯤꯠꯔꯦꯛꯇꯔ'' ꯑꯃꯥ) ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯨ ꯅꯥꯀꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ |
| ꯵.ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫ | ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ (e.g., ꯕꯥꯏꯄꯥꯁ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯔꯤꯞꯂꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇ)ꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ |
| 6. ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ꯫ |
| ꯷.ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯨꯃꯗꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯍꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫ |
ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?
ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯚ ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ (ICU)ꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯋꯥꯔꯗ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯔ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯉꯖꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫
- ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ: ꯱.ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫
- ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ: ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ `ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯤꯇꯥꯃꯣꯜ`ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯟ ꯀꯤꯂꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯔꯁꯇꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯨ꯫
- ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ . ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯀꯤꯂꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ 4-5ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯍꯜꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯁꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯝ ꯂꯤꯇꯔ 4-5ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫
- ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ: ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫
- ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ: ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯎ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯃꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯚꯤꯡ: ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯚꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯩ꯫
ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯋꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ , ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫
- ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯕꯣꯟ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯀꯄꯥ (breastbone changes): ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ‘ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯛ’ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ‘ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯛ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ: ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ꯫
- ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ (Wund drainage): ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯔꯨꯝ, ꯑꯁꯪꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ꯫
- ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯎꯕꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯎꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯪꯊꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
- ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯏꯒꯅꯣꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯅꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯄꯤꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯐꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯒꯅꯨ꯫
- ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯃꯈꯠꯄꯥ (pus draining)ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯍꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯅꯤ꯫
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