ꯖꯦꯟꯗꯔ ꯑꯦꯐꯤꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯁꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯎꯠꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯉꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯖꯦꯟꯗꯔ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯟ-ꯕꯥꯏꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯠꯁꯤꯂꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯕꯨ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯟꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯔꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯖꯦꯟꯗꯔ ꯑꯦꯐꯤꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ .

ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯖꯦꯟꯗꯔ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯟ-ꯕꯥꯏꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯛ ꯐꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯃꯆꯥ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯃꯆꯥꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ "ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯁ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ "ꯖꯦꯟꯗꯔ ꯑꯥꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯇꯤ" ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯏ꯫

ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯖꯦꯟꯗꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ .

ꯅꯟ-ꯕꯥꯏꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ "ꯅꯨꯄꯤ" ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ "ꯅꯨꯄꯥ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕꯣꯛꯁ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯣꯠꯆꯩ, ꯍꯦꯌꯥꯔꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯀꯑꯥꯄꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯏ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯟ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯌꯊꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯈꯅꯒꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯐꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯥꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥ-ꯃꯔꯣꯃꯗꯣꯝ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯄꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯖꯦꯟꯗꯔ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ-ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯆꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯍꯣꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ (Top Surgery)

ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯊꯣꯏꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ "ꯇꯣꯞ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

• ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯦꯃꯤꯅꯤꯟ ꯇꯣꯞ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯏꯃꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫

• ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ-ꯃꯔꯩ ꯐꯥꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ (Transmasculine Top Surgery): ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ-ꯃꯔꯩ ꯐꯥꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯟ-ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯔꯤꯗꯛꯁꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ (ꯃꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯦꯡ-ꯍꯋꯥꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯠꯁꯤꯂꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯅꯤꯄꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯕꯣꯇꯣꯝ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯔꯤꯌꯦꯟꯁ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ (ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯃꯦꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯕꯣꯇꯣꯝ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ)

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯖꯦꯟꯗꯔ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯎꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯑꯣꯜ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯂꯦꯄꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯨꯏꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ:

• ꯃꯦꯇꯣꯏꯗꯤꯑꯣꯞꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤ (Metoidioplasty): ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯇꯣꯔꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯝꯌꯨꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯦꯅꯤꯁ (phallus) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
• ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯞꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ) ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯨꯏꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯐꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯂꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯣꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ (ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯦꯃꯤꯅꯤꯟ ꯕꯣꯇꯣꯝ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ)

ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ (ꯑꯣꯔꯀꯤꯌꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ) .

ꯚꯦꯖꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯚꯦꯖꯤꯅꯣꯞꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯄꯦꯅꯤꯁꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯛ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯚꯦꯖꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯧꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯖꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁꯁꯤꯡ (ꯗꯤꯂꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ) ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯏꯟꯁꯨꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯀꯝꯄꯦꯅꯤ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯦꯁ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ, ꯏꯟꯁꯨꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯁꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ "ꯁꯦꯛꯁ ꯆꯦꯟꯖꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡ"ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯟꯁꯨꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯀꯝꯄꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯐꯣꯟ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯩ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯁꯨꯔꯦꯟꯁꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯚꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯞꯔꯨꯚ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯌꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯖꯦꯟꯗꯔ ꯗꯤꯁꯐꯣꯔꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ: ꯖꯦꯟꯗꯔ ꯗꯤꯁꯐꯣꯔꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯖꯦꯟꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯖꯦꯟꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯤꯌꯥꯠꯔꯤꯛ, ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯁꯦꯂꯔ) ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯆꯤꯊꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯣꯀꯦꯠꯇꯒꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ, ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ, ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯤꯌꯥꯠꯔꯤꯛ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯁꯦꯂꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯐꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯋꯦꯂꯕꯤꯡ꯫

ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯩ꯫ ꯐꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯦꯜ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯥ 4 ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯣꯂꯣ-ꯑꯞ ꯑꯦꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯐꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯜꯊ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯸% ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯈꯉꯈꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯥꯔꯤ ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯟꯅ-ꯅꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡ-ꯂꯃꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫