ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ? ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯝꯕꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ!

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯂꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯍꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯉꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯑꯁꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯔꯝꯂꯒꯅꯤ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯃꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯁꯥꯏꯟꯁꯇꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯂꯤꯝꯕꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯔꯤ꯫

⚡ Interactive Clinical Tool

⚖️

BMI Calculator

Know your body mass index (BMI) and weight classification

Open Interactive Calculator →

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯂꯤꯝꯕꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯂꯤꯝꯕꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔꯅꯤ . ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯝꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯍꯤꯄꯣꯀꯃꯄꯥꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯒ꯭ꯗꯥꯂꯥꯅꯤ꯫

ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯁꯥꯏꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ, ꯑꯉꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯗꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯂꯤꯝꯕꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯂꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯂꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ .

ꯂꯤꯝꯕꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯨꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ꯫

ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤꯕꯨ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯒꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ, ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ, ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ, ꯑꯁꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯟ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
ꯇꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯨꯑꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ : ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯝꯌꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ꯫
ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯣꯇꯤꯚꯦꯁꯟ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ, ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ꯫
ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯔꯦꯁꯄꯣꯟꯁ: ꯂꯤꯝꯕꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯟꯗꯣꯛꯔꯥꯏꯟ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯅꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯁꯄꯣꯟꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
ꯁꯔꯚꯥꯏꯚꯜ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯠꯌꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡ: ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ:
ꯄꯤꯖ-ꯄꯤꯊꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
ꯔꯤꯞꯔꯗꯛꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ꯫
ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯐꯥꯏꯠ-ꯑꯣꯔ-ꯐ꯭ꯂꯥꯏꯠ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯁ꯫

ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ, ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ... ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯤꯝꯕꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯔꯗꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯂꯤꯝꯕꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯂꯤꯝꯕꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯇꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯅꯁꯤ꯫

ꯁꯔꯨꯛ	ꯃꯦꯟ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫	ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯍꯤꯄꯣꯀꯃꯄꯥꯁ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯤ ꯍꯨꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫	ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔ: ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ (ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯄꯤꯁꯣꯗꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ) ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ꯫ ꯇꯝꯕꯥ: ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ: ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯖꯦꯅꯦꯁꯤꯁ (neurogenesis): ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ (ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ) ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ (ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯖꯦꯅꯦꯁꯤꯁ)꯫	ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ ꯂꯣꯁ (ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ)꯫ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫ ꯑꯇꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ ꯂꯣꯁ꯫ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ, ꯃꯐꯝ, ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯀꯥꯑꯣꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯂꯖꯩꯃꯔꯁꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ .
ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯒ꯭ꯗꯥꯂꯥ꯫ ꯑꯦꯂꯃꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ꯫	ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ: ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ, ꯑꯁꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯅꯕꯥ: ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯅꯕꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯀꯥꯑꯣꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯂꯔꯅꯤꯡ: ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯔꯥꯑꯣꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯥ꯫	ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ꯫ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ (overreacting)꯫ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯁꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯕꯤꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣꯊꯦꯂꯥꯃꯥꯁ꯫	ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ (ꯍꯣꯃꯤꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯁ) . ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯂꯃꯍꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯉꯍꯥꯃꯗꯕꯥ, ꯇꯀꯈꯥꯌꯔꯕꯥ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯕꯤꯍꯦꯕꯤꯌꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯣꯇꯤꯕꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ . ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯔꯦꯁꯄꯣꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫	ꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯚ, ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ꯫ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯀꯄꯥ꯫ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯀꯤ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ꯫

ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ꯫

ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯍꯤꯄꯣꯀꯃꯄꯥꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯤꯛ-ꯃꯇꯥꯏꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯤꯛ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯕꯤꯇꯔ ꯒꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯩꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤ , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯤꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯄꯣꯀꯃꯄꯥꯁꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯂꯤꯝꯕꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯂꯤꯝꯕꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯃꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯁꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯒꯥꯏꯔꯥꯁ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯟ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ, ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯁꯄꯣꯟꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ, ꯂꯔꯅꯤꯡ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯚꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯜ ꯇꯦꯒꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ (VTA) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯐ꯭ꯔꯟꯇꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯇꯦꯛꯁ: ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ "ꯍꯦꯄꯤ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯟ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯄꯥꯃꯥꯏꯅꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯌꯨ, ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯕꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯡꯂꯤꯌꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯚꯣꯂꯨꯟꯇꯔꯤ ꯃꯨꯚꯃꯦꯟꯇ, ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯀꯤꯅꯁꯅꯁ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯟꯇꯤꯡꯇꯟ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ , ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯐꯥꯏꯗ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯗꯚꯥꯏꯖꯔꯤ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ . ꯃꯁꯥ-ꯃꯔꯣꯃꯗꯣꯝ ꯂꯦꯄꯆꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯥ-ꯃꯔꯣꯃꯗꯣꯝ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ꯫

ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯂꯤꯝꯕꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯗꯥ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔꯅꯤ꯫
ꯍꯤꯄꯣꯀꯃꯄꯥꯁ (ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ), ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯒ꯭ꯗꯥꯂꯥ (ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ), ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣꯊꯦꯂꯥꯃꯁ (ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫
ꯂꯤꯝꯕꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ, ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ) ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯀꯥꯑꯣꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯅꯤ꯫
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ, ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯟ, ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯗꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ-ꯋꯥꯇꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫