Kodi mwamvapo za kachilombo ka West Nile? Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane!

Mwina mwamvapo za matenda omwe amafalikira ndi udzudzu. Monga dengue. Lero tikambirana za kachilombo komwe kamafalikiranso ndi udzudzu, koma ndi kosiyana pang'ono. Kachilomboka kamatchedwa West Nile Virus. Anthu ena sapeza zizindikiro zazikulu kuchokera ku kachilomboka, koma ena amatha kudwala pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tiwone chomwe kachilombo ka West Nile kameneka kali, momwe kamafalikira, zizindikiro zake, komanso momwe mungadzitetezere.

Kodi kachilombo ka West Nile aka n'chiyani?

Mwachidule, West Nile ndi kachilombo komwe kamalowa m'thupi mwathu udzudzu ukamatiluma. Nthawi zambiri, anthu ambiri sasonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse . Komabe, si aliyense amene amaonetsa zizindikiro. Mwachidule, pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa asanu amakumana ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi chimfine chofala (nthawi zina chimatchedwa West Nile fever) monga malungo, mutu, ndi kupweteka kwa thupi . Kawirikawiri, kachilombo ka West Nile kameneka kamakhudza mitsempha yathu, kufalikira mu ubongo kapena msana ndikuyambitsa matenda aakulu (`(Encephalitis)` kapena `(Meningitis)`).

Imatchedwa 'West Nile' chifukwa kachilomboka kanapezeka koyamba m'boma la 'West Nile' ku Uganda.

Kodi kachilombo ka West Nile kamapezeka bwanji?

Kachilombo ka West Nile ndi kachilombo komwe kamapezeka m'maiko ambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Kapezeka m'madera ambiri monga North America, Europe, Africa, Middle East, Australia, ndi Asia. Ndipotu, ndi kachilombo kofala kwambiri kofalitsidwa ndi udzudzu ku United States . Milandu yapezeka m'maboma onse 49 kumeneko. Kuyambira pomwe milandu yoyamba idapezeka kumeneko mu 1999, anthu opitilira 51,000 awonetsa zizindikiro.

Kodi zizindikiro za kachilombo ka West Nile ndi ziti?

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone mtundu wa zizindikiro zomwe kachilomboka kamasonyeza kakachitika. Monga ndanenera kale, si aliyense amene amalandira zizindikiro. Koma tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimachitika kwa omwe amalandira zizindikiro.

Zizindikiro zofanana ndi chimfine (matenda a West Nile)

Zizindikiro zomwe anthu ambiri amakumana nazo zimafanana ndi chimfine wamba. Ichi chimatchedwa West Nile fever .

• Mungathe kudwala malungo .
• Mutu ukhoza kukhala woopsa kwambiri.
• Minofu m'thupi langa ikumva ngati ikupweteka .
• Kusanza ndi kusanza kungachitike.
• Anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi chopondapo chotayirira (kutsegula m'mimba) .
• Kutupa pakhungu kungachitike. Izi zimachitika kwambiri pachifuwa ndi kumbuyo.
• Ma lymph nodes otupa amatha kutupa.
• Mungamvenso kupweteka pakhosi .
• Pakhoza kukhala ululu kumbuyo kwa maso .

Matenda aakulu omwe amakhudza ubongo (West Nile encephalitis ndi meningitis)

Iyi ndi nkhani yoopsa kwambiri komanso yodetsa nkhawa . Koma kumbukirani kuti izi zimachitikaKwa anthu ochepa kwambiri, koma ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa makhalidwe amenewa.

• Mungathe kudwala mutu wopweteka kwambiri komanso wosapiririka .
• Kuli ndi malungo amphamvu (oposa madigiri Celsius 39.5, kapena madigiri Fahrenheit 103) .
• Khosi lolimba . Mpaka kufika poti simungathe kubweretsa chibwano chanu pachifuwa.
• Kusokonezeka kungachitike. Zingaoneke ngati kuti chikumbumtima chanu chikuchepa.
• Minofu imafooka .
• Kusuntha kwa minofu kosalamulirika (kunjenjemera kapena kugwedezeka) . Monga kugwedezeka kapena kugwidwa ndi khunyu .
• Kugwidwa ndi khunyu kungachitike.
• Kufa ziwalo kumatanthauza kutayika kwa gawo lina la thupi.
• Mukhozanso kukomoka , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mwataya chikumbumtima.

Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi zizindikiro zazikuluzikuluzi, ndikofunikira kupeza upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo .

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa kachilombo ka West Nile?

Kachilombo ka West Nile ndi kachilombo komwe kali m'gulu la ``Arboviruses``. Mwachidule, ``Arboviruses`` ndi mavairasi omwe amapatsira arthropods - nyama zokhala ndi miyendo yolumikizana, kuphatikizapo tizilombo. Ndi ``RNA virus`` ndipo ili m'gulu la ``Flavivirus``. Mwina mudamvapo za Dengue fever, Yellow fever, ndi Zika virus. Mavairasi amenewo alinso m'gulu la ``Flavivirus``.

Kodi kachilombo ka West Nile kamatikhudza bwanji?

Amafalikira makamaka kudzera mu kulumidwa ndi udzudzu womwe uli ndi kachilomboka . Udzudzu nthawi zambiri umatenga kachilomboka kuchokera ku mbalame yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka. (Palibe umboni woti anthu amatha kutenga kachilomboka mwachindunji kuchokera ku mbalame.) Kachiromboka kamachulukana, kapena kukula, mkati mwa udzudzu. Kachiromboka kamalowa m'thupi lanu udzudzuwo ukamaluma inu kapena nyama ina.

Nthawi yomwe kachilomboka kamatenga kuti kalowe m'thupi ndikuwonetsa zizindikiro, zomwe zimadziwika kuti nthawi yoberekera , nthawi zambiri ndi masiku awiri mpaka asanu ndi limodzi, koma nthawi zina zimatha kufika masiku 14.

Kawirikawiri, ndiko kuti, kawirikawiri, kachilombo ka West Nile kamanenedwa kuti kamafalikira m'njira zina. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Kuyambira mayi wapakati kupita kwa mwana amene ali m'mimba.
• Kudzera mu mkaka wa m'mawere.
• Kuikidwa magazi.
• Kusamutsa chiwalo.

Kodi kachilombo ka West Nile kamafalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina?

Izi ndizofunikira. Kachilombo ka West Nile sikafalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina . Izi zikutanthauza kuti simungachipeze pokhudza, kulankhula, kapena kukhudza chinthu chomwe munthu amene ali ndi matendawa wagwiritsa ntchito. Chimafalikira ndi udzudzu wokha (kupatula nthawi zina, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa).

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a West Nile?

Ngakhale kuti udzudzu ukhoza kuluma aliyense, anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodwala kwambiri ngati atatenga kachilombo ka West Nile. Mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu pazifukwa izi:

• Ngati muli ndi zaka zoposa 60 .
• Ngati ndinu wolandira chiwalo choikidwa .
• Ngati wina akudwala khansa .
• Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga .
• Ngati muli ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi (BP) .
• Ngati muli ndi matenda a impso .

Kodi ndi mavuto otani omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kachilombo ka West Nile?

Anthu ochepera 1% omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka West Nile (pafupifupi munthu m'modzi pa anthu 150) amakhala ndi zizindikiro zoopsa . Vuto lofala kwambiri ndi kutupa kwa ziwalo za mitsempha yathu (ubongo ndi msana). Izi zimatchedwa ``encephalitis``` (kutupa kwa ubongo) ndi ``meningitis``` (kutupa kwa nembanemba zomwe zimaphimba ubongo ndi msana).

Pambuyo pa matenda aakulu a West Nile, zotsatirapo zina za nthawi yayitali zimatha kuchitika. Mwachitsanzo:

• Kutaya kukumbukira .
• Kutaya kumva .
• Kuvuta kuyenda kapena kusintha kwa kayendedwe ka kuyenda (matenda oyenda) .
• Kufooka kwa minofu .
• Kusinthasintha kwachilendo .
• Kuvutika maganizo .

Kodi kachilombo ka West Nile kamapezeka bwanji?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zazikulu, dokotala wanu angakuyezeni magazi anu kapena madzi a m'mitsempha ya ubongo (CSF) kuti aone ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka West Nile. Mayesowa nthawi zambiri amachitidwa pokhapokha ngati mukudwala kwambiri. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga kutupa muubongo, dokotala wanu angakupatseni CT scan (Computed Tomography scan) kapena MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) kuti mujambule zithunzi za ubongo wanu.

Kodi kachilombo ka West Nile kamachiritsidwa bwanji?

Mwatsoka, palibe mankhwala enieni oletsa mavairasi ochizira kachilombo ka West Nile. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zochepa, monga chimfine, mutha kuzichiza kunyumba. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ogulitsidwa kunja kwa chipatala (OTC), monga mankhwala ochepetsa ululu, monga momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito chimfine kapena chimfine.

Komabe, ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zazikulu za mitsempha , mudzagonekedwa m'chipatala ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi madokotala. Adzakuchizani zizindikiro zanu, kapena angachite zinthu monga:

• Ngati muli ndi khunyu , mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa khunyu .
• Ngati mukuvutika kupumaMpweya wowonjezera umaperekedwa, kapena mpweya wopumira umalumikizidwa ndi makina .
• Ngati thupi latha madzi m'thupi, limapatsidwa madzi a m'mitsempha (IV) .
• Mankhwala a Corticosteroids angaperekedwe kuti achepetse kutupa.
• Ngati simungathe kudya nokha, mungapatsidwe chakudya kudzera mu chubu (kudyetsa mwana kudzera mu chubu) .

Kodi mungadziteteze ku kachilombo ka West Nile?

Iyi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri. Palibe katemera woteteza kachilombo ka West Nile pakadali pano . Chifukwa chake, chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe tingachite ndikudziteteza ku kulumidwa ndi udzudzu . Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe tingachite kuti tichite izi:

• Pewani nthawi zoopsa kwambiri : Khalani m'nyumba momwe mungathere nthawi yomwe udzudzu umakhala wochuluka, makamaka m'mawa kwambiri ndi madzulo, pamene dzuwa likulowa.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo : Mukatuluka panja, thirani mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'malo omwe ali owonekera pathupi lanu kapena pa zovala zanu. Ndi bwino kusankha omwe ali ndi ziphaso zovomerezeka ndi mabungwe monga Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
• Phimbani khungu lanu : Mukatuluka panja, valani zovala zopepuka, monga mathalauza aatali ndi malaya a manja aatali, kuti muphimbe thupi lanu lonse momwe mungathere.
• Chotsani madzi oima : Nthawi zonse yeretsani ndi kuyeretsa malo aliwonse omwe madzi angasonkhanire, monga malo osambira mbalame, ngalande zotsekedwa, ndi malo omwe madzi asonkhana.
• Pewani udzudzu kulowa m'nyumba mwanu : Sungani zitseko ndi mawindo ali otetezedwa, kapena muziwatseka momwe mungathere.
• Samalani mukamayenda kapena kugona panja : ngati n'kotheka, gonani mawindo atatsekedwa, kapena gwiritsani ntchito ukonde woteteza udzudzu usiku kuti mudziteteze ku udzudzu.

Kodi kachilombo ka West Nile kadzachiritsidwa kwamuyaya?

Inde, chitetezo cha mthupi cha anthu ambiri chimatha kulimbana ndi kachilombo ka West Nile . Zizindikiro zochepa, monga malungo, nthawi zambiri zimatha zokha. Komabe, ngati chitetezo cha mthupi chanu chili chofooka, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuchotsa kachilomboka. Komanso, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha chifukwa cha matenda oopsa a West Nile kungakhale kosatha, ngakhale kachilomboka katatha.

Kodi kachilombo ka West Nile kamatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Zizindikiro zochepa za kachilombo ka West Nile nthawi zambiri zimatha kwathunthu mkati mwa milungu ingapo . Komabe, nthawi zina, kutopa ndi kufooka kwa minofu zimatha kwa miyezi ingapo. Pambuyo pa matenda a mitsempha, zizindikiro monga kuiwala, kumva, ndi kuyenda movutikira zimatha kukhala zokhalitsa kapena zosatha .

Kodi kachilombo ka West Nile kamapha?

Izi n’zoopsa pang’ono. Pafupifupi munthu m’modzi pa anthu 10 aliwonse amene amadwala matenda a mitsempha amafa.Ponseponse, pafupifupi munthu m'modzi pa anthu 1,500 aliwonse omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka West Nile amafa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kachilomboka kangathe kupha munthu ngati kakula kwambiri .

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi kachilombo ka West Nile, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo . Iye angakuuzeni izi:

• Kodi mukufuna kulemba mayeso kapena ayi?
• Kodi zizindikiro zazikulu ndi ziti ndipo tingazimvetse bwanji?
• Momwe mungadzisamalire nokha kuchokera kunyumba.
• Ndiyenera kumuonanso liti?

Kodi muyenera kupita ku chipinda chodzidzimutsa liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zazikulu izi, pitani kuchipatala chapafupi nthawi yomweyo :

• Ngati mutu wanu uli ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri .
• Ngati muli ndi malungo aakulu (oposa 39.5 Celsius).
• Ngati khosi lili lolimba , limakhala lolimba kwambiri kotero kuti chibwano sichingathe kubweretsedwa pachifuwa.
• Ngati pali chisokonezo kapena kutaya chidziwitso.
• Ngati minofu yanu ndi yofooka kapena mukunjenjemera .
• Ngati muli ndi khunyu .

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Mukapita kwa dokotala, ndibwino kufunsa mafunso awa:

• Kodi zinditengera nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti ndichire?
• Kodi ndingathe bwanji kuthana ndi zizindikiro zanga kunyumba?
• Ndi zizindikiro ziti zazikulu zomwe ndiyenera kuyang'anitsitsa?
• Ndiyenera kukuonaninso liti?

Mfundo zazifupi zoti muzikumbukire

Ngakhale kuti udzudzu nthawi zambiri umangovutitsa, nthawi zina umakhala ndi mavairasi omwe angatidwalitse. Mwamwayi, 80% ya anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka West Nile alibe zizindikiro zilizonse . Ndipo kwa anthu ambiri, chiopsezo chodwala kwambiri ndi chochepa kwambiri.

Ngati mukupita kudera lomwe udzudzu uli, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchitapo kanthu kuti mudziteteze ku udzudzu. Ngati mukupeza zizindikiro za kachilombo ka West Nile mutalumidwa ndi udzudzu, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala . Iye angakuphunzitseni momwe mungasamalire zizindikiro zazikulu ndikuyankha mafunso aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo.

Kumbukirani, kudziteteza ku udzudzu ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yodzitetezera ku kachilombo ka West Nile!

Kachilombo ka West Nile, Kachilombo ka West Nile, Udzudzu, Malungo, Matenda a Ubongo, Mitsempha, Zizindikiro, Kupewa