Kodi muli ndi timitsempha ta thyroid m'khosi mwanu? Tiyeni tiphunzire izi popanda mantha!

Kodi munayamba mwamvapo chotupa kapena chotupa pang'ono kutsogolo kwa khosi lanu? Kapena mwina dokotala anakufufuzani nati, “Muli ndi chotupa pa chithokomiro chanu.” Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono mukamva izi. Koma musadandaule! Nthawi zambiri, chotupa cha chithokomiro sichowopsa. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuzidziwa. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za chotupa cha chithokomiro mwachidule.

Kodi Ma Nodule a Chithokomiro ndi Chiyani?

Mwachidule, nodule ya chithokomiro ndi kukula kosazolowereka kwa maselo mu chithokomiro chanu, ngati chotupa chaching'ono.

Tangoganizirani, kutsogolo kwa khosi lathu, pansi pa fupa la kolala, pali kachiwalo kakang'ono kooneka ngati gulugufe. Ndicho chimene timachitcha kuti chiwalo cha thyroid . Ichi kwenikweni ndi chiwalo cha endocrine m'thupi lathu. Chimapanga mahomoni awiri ofunikira kwambiri m'thupi lathu , thyroxine (T4) ndi triiodothyronine (T3) . Mahomoni awa amalamulira zinthu zambiri m'thupi lathu. Mwachitsanzo:

• Sungani kagayidwe ka thupi lathu kakugwira ntchito bwino.
• Kuwongolera kutentha kwa thupi.
• Tayang'anirani momwe timamvera komanso kusangalala kwathu.
• Lamulirani kugunda kwa mtima wanu ndi kugunda kwa mtima wanu .
• Gaya chakudya moyenera.

Kotero, ziphuphu zimenezo zimatha kupangika mu chithokomiro, chomwe chimachita zinthu zambiri zofunika. Ziphuphu zimenezi zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awa:

• Pakhoza kukhala chotupa chimodzi chokha (chotupa chokha) .
• Pakhoza kukhalanso ma nodule angapo .
• Mabowo ena amatha kudzazidwa ndi madzi, omwe timawatcha kuti ma cystic nodules .
• Zina mwa izo zingakhale zolimba, zimatchedwa ma nodule olimba .

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti zotupa zopitilira 90% zomwe zimapezeka mwa akuluakulu sizili khansa kapena sizabwino . Izi zikutanthauza kuti si vuto lalikulu. Komabe, pakati pa 4 ndi 6.5 peresenti (4.0% mpaka 6.5%) zitha kukhala khansa ya chithokomiro . Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi chotupa, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti si khansa. Nthawi zina zotupa izi zimatha kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda ena a chithokomiro.

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi timitsempha ta chithokomiro?

Kwenikweni, aliyense akhoza kukhala ndi nodule ya chithokomiro. Ingakhudze ana, akuluakulu, ndi aliyense. Komabe, akazi ali ndi mwayi wochuluka wopeza nodule iyi kuposa amuna.Matumbo amenewa amatha kupangika mosavuta.

Komanso, anthu m'mayiko omwe ayodini sawonjezeredwa ku chakudya chawo ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matendawa, chifukwa ayodini ndi wofunikira kuti chithokomiro chipange mahomoni.

Pali zinthu zina zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a chithokomiro:

• Ngati mudalandirapo chithandizo cha radiation ya thyroid kale.
• Ngati wina m'banja mwanu wakhala ndi matenda a chithokomiro kapena khansa ya chithokomiro (mbiri ya banja).
• Chiwopsezochi chimawonjezeka ndi ukalamba .
• Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ayodini .
• Kwa iwo amene amasuta (Kusuta) .
• Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri .
• Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto la metabolic syndrome .
• Kwa iwo omwe amamwa mowa (Kumwa mowa) .
• Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin-like growth factor-1 (hormone) m'thupi.
• Azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda a m'mimba .

Kodi timitsempha ta thyroid timapezeka bwanji?

Izi ndizofala kwambiri. Dokotala amapeza ziphuphu izi mwa akuluakulu 5% mpaka 7% panthawi yowunika thupi nthawi zonse. Komabe, ultrasound ingapeze kuti pakati pa 20% ndi 76% ya akuluakulu ali ndi ziphuphuzi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu ambiri akhoza kukhala nazo osadziwa.

Koma izi sizichitika kawirikawiri pakati pa ana aang'ono.

Kodi tiyenera kuopa chithokomiro?

Nthawi zambiri, timibulu ta chithokomiro si chinthu chodetsa nkhawa nacho. Monga tanenera kale, zambiri mwa izo sizimayambitsa matenda . Komabe, kuchuluka kochepa kwambiri kungakhale khansa ya chithokomiro , kotero ngati mutapeza kuti muli ndi timibulu, muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala kuti akakufufuzeni. Ngati ndi khansa, imapezeka msanga ndikuchiritsidwa, zimakhala bwino .

Kumbukirani, musachite mantha ngati muwona chotupa ndikuganiza kuti ndi khansa. Koma, muyenera kuchiyesa ndi dokotala.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a chithokomiro ndi ziti?

Ma nodule ambiri a chithokomiro sayambitsa zizindikiro zilizonse, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti simungazindikire chilichonse. Komabe, ngati muli ndi ma nodule angapo, kapena ngati nodule ndi yayikulu, mutha kuyimva m'khosi mwanu.

Kawirikawiri, ngati ziphuphuzo zikukula kwambiri, mungakumane ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• Kuvuta kumeza chakudya kapena zakumwa , kuvutika kupuma. Tangoganizirani, ngati mukumva ngati chinachake chakumangika pakhosi panu mukudya, kapena ngati mukumva ngati n'kovuta kumwa madzi pang'ono...
• Mawu omveka bwino kapena kusintha kwa mawu.
• Kumva kupweteka kutsogolo kwa khosi.
• Kutupa kwa chithokomiro kumatchedwanso goiter .

Ma nodule ena, makamaka ma nodule a chithokomiro omwe amagwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso , amayamba kutulutsa mahomoni ambiri a chithokomiro, matenda otchedwa hyperthyroidism . Zizindikiro zake ndi izi:

Zizindikiro za kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro (hyperthyroidism)

• Kugunda kwa mtima mwachangu kapena kugunda kwa mtima mwachangu .
• Kumva kugwedezeka ndi/kapena mantha nthawi zonse.
• Kuchepetsa thupi , ngakhale chilakolako chikuwonjezeka.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa chilakolako cha chakudya .
• Kutsegula m'mimba komanso matumbo ambiri .
• Kuvuta kugona .
• Chithokomiro chokulirapo kapena goiter .
• Kusasamba pang'ono kapena kulephera kusamba kwa akazi.

Komanso, anthu ena omwe ali ndi timitsempha ta chithokomiro amatha kukhala ndi mahomoni ochepa a chithokomiro. Izi zimatchedwa hypothyroidism . Zizindikiro zake ndi izi:

Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro (Hypothyroidism)

• Kumva kutopa nthawi zonse (Kutopa) .
• Kusanza ndi kumva kuwawa m'manja mwanu.
• Kulemera .
• Khungu louma, lolimba komanso tsitsi lolimba .
• Kudzimbidwa .
• Kuvutika maganizo, kapena kuvutika maganizo .
• Kusamba kwambiri kwa akazi nthawi zambiri .

N’chifukwa chiyani timitsempha ta chithokomiro timapangika? Kodi zimayambitsa chiyani?

Ofufuza sakudziwabe chifukwa chake timibulu ta chithokomiro timayamba kukula. Komabe, tingathe kukula pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Pali mitundu ingapo ya timibulu:

• Ma nodule a Colloid:Izi ndi mitundu yofala kwambiri. Zimayamba chifukwa cha kukula kwambiri kwa minofu ya chithokomiro. Sizimayambitsa khansa (zoipa). Zitha kukula kwambiri, koma sizifalikira kupitirira chithokomiro.
• Ma cysts a chithokomiro: Awa ndi ma thrombus omwe amadzazidwa ndi madzi, kapena pang'ono ndi madzi komanso pang'ono olimba. Ali ndi chiopsezo chochepa chokhala ndi khansa (malignancy). Ngati ali akuluakulu kuposa masentimita awiri, madokotala adzawayang'anira kapena kuwapanga biopsy .
• Ma nodule otupa: Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kutupa kosatha kwa chithokomiro. Zitha kukhala zopweteka kapena zosapweteka.
• Goiter ya Multinodular: Nthawi zina chithokomiro chimakula chifukwa cha timibulu tambirimbiri (goiter). Timibuluti nthawi zambiri sitikhala ndi khansa.
• Ma tinthu ta chithokomiro togwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso: Tinthu ta chithokomiro timeneti timatulutsa mahomoni owonjezera a chithokomiro. Izi zingayambitse hyperthyroidism , yomwe imafuna chithandizo.
• Khansa ya chithokomiro: Tikamalankhula za chotupa cha chithokomiro, mantha akulu omwe tili nawo ndi akuti kaya ndi khansa. Mwamwayi, khansa ya chithokomiro ndi yosowa kwambiri. Zochepera 6.5% ya zotupa zonse za chithokomiro ndi khansa .

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji molondola ngati muli ndi timibulu ta thyroid?

Nthawi zina mungamve nokha phokoso la chithokomiro, kapena kuliona pagalasi. Kapena dokotala wanu angalipeze panthawi yowunika thupi. Vutoli lingapezekenso mwangozi panthawi yojambula zithunzi pazifukwa zina.

Ngakhale kuti timibulu ta chithokomiro tambiri si toopsa, timibulu tambiri timafunika kuyezedwa chifukwa cha mwayi wochepa woti tingakhale ndi khansa.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe amachitidwa pa izi?

Dokotala wanu angachite chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi kuti aone ngati pali chotupa cha chithokomiro:

• Kuyezetsa magazi a chithokomiro: Izi zimayesa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro m'magazi mwanu. Nthawi zambiri, ngakhale pali timinofu, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumakhala kwabwinobwino. Komabe, nthawi zina kumatha kukhala kosazolowereka, zomwe zingasonyeze vuto la chithokomiro.
• Kujambula kwa Ultrasound: Iyi ndi njira yoyesera yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mafunde a phokoso kujambula chithunzi cha chithokomiro. Ingathandize kudziwa ngati chotupa chili cholimba kapena chodzaza ndi madzi. (Zotupa zolimba zimakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi khansa.) Ingathandizenso kuyang'anira kukula kwa chotupacho ndikupeza zotupa zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuzifikira. Nthawi zina, ultrasound ingathandize kutsogolera singano panthawi yofufuza singano .
• Kuyeza magazi pogwiritsa ntchito singano yopyapyala:Mu mayeso awa, dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito singano yopyapyala kwambiri kuchotsa chitsanzo cha maselo kuchokera ku nodule ya chithokomiro kapena timibulu. Kenako chitsanzocho chimatumizidwa ku labu kuti chikayesedwe. Timibulu tambiri si khansa. Komabe, ngati zotsatira za mayeso sizikudziwika bwino, dokotalayo angachitenso mayesowo. Kapena, angakulangizeni opaleshoni kuti achotse noduleyo kuti adziwe bwino matenda.
• Kujambula kwa chithokomiro: Mu mayesowa, mumapatsidwa ayodini wochepa wothira ma radioactive kuti mumwe. Kenako dokotala amaona kuchuluka kwa ayodini komwe ma nodule a chithokomiro amayamwa komanso kuchuluka kwa minofu ya chithokomiro yomwe imayamwa. Izi zimakupatsani chidziwitso chochulukirapo chokhudza ma nodule a chithokomiro, zomwe zingathandize dokotala kudziwa chiopsezo cha khansa.

Kodi mankhwala a matenda a chithokomiro ndi otani?

Chithandizo chimadalira mtundu wa nodule ya chithokomiro. Pali njira zingapo zochizira:

• Palibe chithandizo/yang'anirani ndipo dikirani: Ngati zotupa sizili za khansa, inu ndi dokotala wanu mungaganize kuti palibe chithandizo chofunikira pakali pano. Komabe, muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala wanu nthawi zonse kuti muwone ngati zotupazo zasintha.
• Ayodini wogwiritsa ntchito ma radioactive: Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito ayodini wogwiritsa ntchito ma radioactive kuti athetse ma nodules a chithokomiro ndi goiter omwe amagwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso pogwiritsa ntchito ma nodules angapo. Pamene chithokomiro chimatenga ayodini wogwiritsa ntchito ma radioactive, ma noduleswo amachepa.
• Opaleshoni: Ngati zotupazo ndi za khansa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta monga kumeza kapena kupuma, ndipo "zikukayikitsa" (kutanthauza kuti sizingadziwike popanda kuchotsa ndi kufufuza opaleshoni), chithandizo chabwino kwambiri ndi kuzichotsa opaleshoni.

Kodi timitsempha ta chithokomiro tingapewedwe?

Popeza ofufuza sadziwa chomwe chimayambitsa ma nodule ambiri a chithokomiro, nthawi zambiri sangapewedwe.

Komabe, mungayesere kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu mwa kuwongolera zinthu zina zomwe zingakubweretsereni mavuto. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi kunenepa kwambiri , lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kusunga kulemera kwanu koyenera. Ngati mukusuta, yesani kusiya kusuta . Komanso, onetsetsani kuti mukupeza ayodini wokwanira muzakudya zanu. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mchere wa patebulo wokhala ndi ayodini , mwina mukupeza ayodini wokwanira.

Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti anthu omwe amamwa mapiritsi oletsa kubereka ndi/kapena ma statins amatha kukhala ndi chiopsezo chochepa chotenga matenda a chithokomiro.

Kodi zizindikiro zake zimakhala zotani ngati muli ndi timitsempha ta thyroid? (Zomwe zingachitike ngati muli ndi timitsempha ta thyroid)

Ma nodule a chithokomiro omwe si a khansa (osaopsa)Matendawa ndi abwino kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri safuna chithandizo. Komanso, ndi ochepa chabe mwa ziphuphu zomwe sizili ndi khansa, pafupifupi 1%, omwe amayambitsa matenda a chithokomiro , ndipo ngakhale zimenezo zimatha kuchiritsidwa.

Chiyembekezo cha matenda a chithokomiro chimasiyana malinga ndi zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo:

• Mtundu wa khansa .
• Zaka zanu zodziwira matendawa .
• Kukula kwa chotupa/chotupa .
• Kaya yafalikira ku minofu yapafupi, monga ma lymph nodes .
• Kaya yafalikira (yafalikira) kumadera akutali a thupi.

Ngati muli ndi khansa ya chithokomiro, dokotala wanu adzatha kukupatsani chidziwitso cholondola kwambiri.

Kodi ana aang'ono amadwala matenda a chithokomiro?

Ana aang'ono ali ndi mwayi wochepa wokhala ndi timibulu ta chithokomiro poyerekeza ndi akuluakulu, koma ofufuza sakudziwabe kuti ndi zingati kwenikweni.

Ma nodule omwe amapezeka mwa ana ndi achinyamata amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya chithokomiro kuposa akuluakulu. Komabe, ma nodule opitilira 75% omwe amapezeka mwa ana ndi achinyamata si khansa (yoipa) .

Zizindikiro, matenda, ndi chithandizo mwa ana ndi zofanana ndi za akuluakulu (monga tafotokozera pamwambapa).

Pomaliza, ndiyenera kukuuzani… (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Ma nodule a chithokomiro ndi ofala kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri samayambitsa mavuto akulu. Komabe, ngati muwona chotupa kutsogolo kwa khosi lanu, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala . Ngakhale kuti ma nodule ambiri si a khansa, ndikofunikira kuwayesa chifukwa pali mwayi wochepa woti akhoza kukhala khansa.

Ngati mukudziwa kale kuti muli ndi chotupa cha chithokomiro, ndipo dokotala wanu wakulangizani kuti "muyang'anire ndikudikirira," musaiwale kuonana ndi dokotala wanu nthawi ndi nthawi kuti muwone ngati pali kusintha kulikonse mu chotupacho .

Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza chiopsezo chanu cha khansa ya chithokomiro kapena matenda a chithokomiro, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Ali pano kuti akuthandizeni. Musachite mantha, dziwani!