Kodi mukudziwa za ma valve a mtima? (Ma valve a mtima) Tiyeni tikambirane izi mwachidule!

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti mtima wanu umagwira ntchito modabwitsa bwanji? Si nyama yokha, ndi makina odabwitsa omwe amapopa magazi m'thupi lathu lonse. Choncho mkati mwa mtima uwu, muli ziwalo zina zomwe zimagwira ntchito ngati zitseko. Timazitcha ma valve a mtima. Izi zimatseguka ndi kutsekedwa panthawi yoyenera kuti magazi aziyenda kuchokera mbali imodzi kupita ku ina, komanso zimaletsa magazi kuyenda molakwika.

Kodi ma valve a mtima amagwira ntchito bwanji? N'zodabwitsa, sichoncho?

Taganizirani izi motere: mtima wathanzi uli ngati galimoto yoyendetsa pamsewu wokonzedwa bwino. Magazi amayenda mwadongosolo. Mtima wathu uli ndi zipinda zazikulu zinayi. Zipinda zapamwamba ndi atrium yakumanja ndi atrium yakumanzere (yomwe imatchedwanso atria), ndipo zipinda zapansi ndi ventricle yakumanja ndi ventricle yakumanzere (yomwe imatchedwanso ventricle).

Pakati pa zipinda zimenezi pali ma valve omwe ndatchulawa. Awa amapangidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono koma tolimba kwambiri. Timatchanso timabukuti (kapena cusps). Ma valve amenewa amatseguka ndi kutseka kuti magazi ayendetsedwe bwino.

Mwachidule, izi ndi zomwe zimachitika, ngakhale kuti ndi njira yovuta kwambiri, tiyeni timvetse mosavuta:

• Choyamba, magazi opanda mpweya (ndiko kuti, magazi omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito ndi thupi ndipo alibe mpweya) amachokera m'mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi ndipo amasonkhana mu atrium yakumanja.
• Kenako, magazi amenewo amapita ku atrium yakumanja kudzera mu valavu ya tricuspid. Vavu iyi ikatsegulidwa, magazi amatsika, ndipo ikatsekedwa, salola kuti ibwererenso mmwamba.
• Kuchokera ku ventricle yakumanja, magazi awa amapopedwa kudzera mu valavu ya m'mapapo kupita ku mapapo. M'mapapo ndi momwe magazi awa amapatsidwa mpweya watsopano ndipo mpweya wa carbon dioxide umachotsedwa.
• Tsopano magazi atsopano, oyera, odzaza ndi mpweya, akulowa kumanzere kwa atrium.
• Kenako, mtima umatumiza magazi amenewa kudzera mu valavu ya mitral (timayitchanso kuti ``Mitral Valve'' chifukwa ili ndi ma flaps awiri) kupita ku ventricle yakumanzere.
• Pomaliza, magazi odzaza ndi mpweya ochokera kumanzere kwa ventricle amadutsa mu valavu ya aorta kupita ku aorta, mtsempha waukulu kwambiri wamagazi m'thupi, ndipo kuchokera pamenepo amafalikira m'thupi lonse.

Mukuona? Ma valve amenewa amagwira ntchito ngati 'apolisi odziwa bwino ntchito', kuteteza magazi kuti asapite kolakwika, ndikutumiza magaziwo pamalo oyenera panthawi yoyenera. Phokoso la "lub-dub" lomwe timamva mtima ukugunda limayamba chifukwa cha kutsegula ndi kutseka ma valve amenewa.

Kodi ma valve anayi akuluakulu mumtima ndi ati? Kodi amachita chiyani?

Pali mitundu inayi ya ma valve mumtima mwathu. Valavu iliyonse ili ndi malo akeake, mawonekedwe ake, ndi ntchito yake. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

1. Valavu ya Tricuspid

Iyi ili ndi 'timabuku' titatu timene ndatchula. Ndicho chifukwa chake imatchedwa "timasamba titatu".

• Malo: Pakati pa atrium yakumanja ndi ventricle yakumanja.
• Zoyenera kuchita:Zimalola magazi opanda mpweya wabwino kuyenda kuchokera ku atrium yakumanja kupita ku ventricle yakumanja. Zimalepheretsanso magazi kubwerera ku atrium yakumanja ventricle yakumanja ikangogwira. Taganizirani ngati chitseko chomwe chimatsegula njira imodzi yokha.

2. Valavu ya M'mapapo

Vavu iyi ilinso ndi ma flaps atatu.

• Malo: Pakati pa ventricle yakumanja ndi mtsempha wamagazi wa m'mapapo.
• Zimene imachita: Imalola magazi ochokera ku ventricle yakumanja kuti apompedwe mu mtsempha wa m'mapapo. Mtsempha uwu ndi womwe umanyamula magazi kupita ku mapapo kuti akatenge mpweya. Valavu ya m'mapapo imaletsa magazi kuti asabwererenso ku ventricle yakumanja kuchokera ku mtsempha wa m'mapapo.

3. Valavu ya Mitral

Ili ndi ma valve awiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake imatchedwa bicuspid. Dzina lodziwika kwambiri ndi ``Mitral Valve''.

• Malo: Pakati pa atrium yakumanzere ndi ventricle yakumanzere.
• Zimene imachita: Imalola magazi okhala ndi mpweya wochuluka kuchokera ku atrium yakumanzere (kuchokera m'mapapo) kupita ku ventricle yakumanzere. Imaletsanso magazi kuti asabwerere ku atrium yakumanzere pamene ventricle yakumanzere ikugundana ndikupopera magazi kupita m'thupi. Iyi ndi valavu yofunika kwambiri.

4. Valavu ya Aortic

Vavu iyi ilinso ndi ma flaps atatu.

• Malo: Pakati pa ventricle yakumanzere ndi aorta.
• Zimene imachita: Apa ndi pomwe magazi okhala ndi mpweya amatuluka kuchokera ku ventricle yakumanzere ya mtima kupita ku aorta. Monga ndanenera kale, aorta ndiye mtsempha waukulu kwambiri wamagazi m'thupi lathu. Apa ndi pomwe magazi okhala ndi mpweya amatuluka kupita ku thupi lonse. Chifukwa chake, chomwe `(Aortic Valve)` iyi imachita ndikuletsa magazi kuti asabwererenso ku ventricle yakumanzere kuchokera ku aorta.

Mtima wathu umakhala wathanzi pokhapokha ngati ma valve anayi awa akugwira ntchito bwino, panthawi yoyenera, komanso m'njira yoyenera. Ngati imodzi mwa izo ili yolakwika pang'ono, ingakhudze dongosolo lonse, monga momwe gawo limodzi la makina ogwira ntchito bwino limasweka, makina onse amasiya kugwira ntchito.

Kodi ndi matenda ati omwe amakhudza ma valve a mtima?

Tsopano mutha kuona kufunika kwa ma valve awa komanso momwe alili ovuta. Chifukwa chake, ngati imodzi mwa ma valve awa sigwira ntchito bwino, mtima wathu uyenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti upompe magazi. Zili ngati kugwira ntchito zapakhomo ndi chitseko chosweka. Pakapita nthawi, mtima ukhoza kufooka.

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zingayambitse mavuto a valve ya mtima:

• Kusintha kwa ukalamba: Pamene tikukalamba, monga ziwalo zina za thupi, ma valve amathanso kusintha zina. Ma valve amatha kukhuthala ndikukhala ndi calcium yambiri.
• Matenda a Mtima Obadwa Nawo: Izi zikutanthauza matenda a mtima omwe amapezeka pobadwa. Nthawi zina ma valve angakhale akusowa, kapena akhoza kukhala ndi kukula kapena mawonekedwe olakwika. Mwachitsanzo, mkhalidwe wa ``Aortic Valve`` komwe kuli ma valve awiri okha (Bicuspid Aortic Valve).
• Matenda:Matenda ena a bakiteriya, monga rheumatic fever, amatha kuwononga ma valve a mtima. Infective endocarditis ndi matenda oopsa omwe amakhudza ma valve.
• Matenda ena omwe amayambitsa matendawa: Mwachitsanzo, matenda a shuga osalamulirika, kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a mtima, kapena matenda ena a mtima angakhudzenso ma valve.

Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya mavuto omwe amapezeka mu ma valve a mtima. Vuto lililonse mwa awa likhoza kuchitika mu ma valve aliwonse anayi.

1. Kubwerera m'mbuyo: Izi zimachitika pamene valavu siitseka bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi atuluke m'mbuyo. Taganizirani ngati chitseko chomwe sichimatseka bwino ndipo zinthu zochokera kunja zimalowa. Anthu ena amatchanso izi kuti 'valavu ya mtima yotuluka'. Mtundu wina wapadera wa izi umatchedwa prolapse . Izi zimachitika pamene valavu yotuluka m'mbuyo imapindika kapena kuphulika. Izi nthawi zambiri zimawoneka mu Mitral Valve (Mitral Valve Prolapse).

2. Stenosis: Apa ndi pamene mapepala a valavu amakhuthala, amalimba, kapena amamatirana. Vavu siimatseguka bwino, ndipo njira yopitira magazi imakhala yopapatiza. Taganizirani ngati chitseko sichikutseguka bwino, ndipo njirayo imatsekedwa. Izi zimapangitsa mtima kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti ukankhire magazi.

3. Atresia: Ili ndi vuto lalikulu komanso losowa kwambiri. Chomwe chimachitika pamenepa ndi chakuti valavu siipangidwa kwathunthu. Ndiko kuti, valavu imakhala ikusowa kuyambira kubadwa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimazindikirika pobadwa.

Matendawa amawonjezera kupsinjika kwa mtima, zomwe sizili bwino kwa mtima pakapita nthawi. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudziwa izi.

Kodi zizindikiro za mavuto a mtima ndi ziti? Kodi timazizindikira bwanji?

Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la mitsempha ya mtima koma osawonetsa zizindikiro zilizonse , makamaka kumayambiriro. Ndicho chomwe chimawopsa pang'ono. Popeza matenda a mitsempha ya mtima amakula pakapita nthawi, zizindikiro zimatha kuwonekera mukakula kapena matendawa akamakula kwambiri.

Kodi mukudziwa kuti kulira kwa mtima wanu ndi phokoso la ma valve a mtima wanu omwe akutseguka ndi kutsekedwa? Chizindikiro choyamba cha vuto la ma valve a mtima chingakhale "Kudandaula kwa Mtima" komwe dokotala amamva ndi stethoscope . Ndi phokoso lachilendo lomwe limamveka mtima ukugunda, ngati "s...s..." kapena phokoso lina lowonjezera. Komabe, si "Kudandaula kwa Mtima" konse komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha vuto la ma valve. Nthawi zina pamakhala mtundu wotchedwa "Innocent Heart Murmur" womwe ndi wopanda vuto, makamaka kwa ana. Dokotala yekha ndi amene angadziwe bwino.

Zizindikiro zina zomwe zingawonekere ndi izi:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kusapeza bwino monga kulimba pachifuwa.
• Chizungulire kapena kumva ngati mutu wayamba kufooka.
• Kukomoka (kutaya chidziwitso), makamaka pamene mukugwira ntchito yovuta.
• Kumva kutopa kwambiri (Kutopa)Sikuti kungotopa kokha, komanso kutopa komwe kumamveka kolemetsa ngakhale mutachita chinthu chaching'ono, mpaka kufika poti mukufuna kugona tsiku lonse.
• Kugunda kwa mtima kapena kumva kugunda kwa mtima kosasinthasintha.
• Kupuma movutikira , makamaka pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kukwera masitepe, kapena kugona pansi.
• Kutupa kwa akakolo, mapazi, miyendo, kapena mimba (`Edema`). Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha madzimadzi omwe amasonkhana m'thupi chifukwa mtima sukuyenda bwino popopa magazi.

Ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro izi, ndi bwino kufunsa upangiri kwa dokotala . Si bwino kungokhala pansi ndikuwonjezera zinthu, eti? Zizindikirozi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha china chake, koma ndikofunikira kupita kuchipatala.

Kodi mungatani kuti mtima wanu ukhale wathanzi ngakhale mutadwala matenda a mtima?

Tiyerekeze kuti dokotala watsimikiza kuti muli ndi matenda a mtima. Ngakhale zili choncho, pali zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti mtima wanu ukhale wathanzi momwe mungathere, kupewa mavuto ena, komanso kuti moyo wanu ukhale wabwino. Ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo awa:

• Pewani kusuta fodya kotheratu. Kusuta sikuti ndi koipa pamtima kokha komanso pathupi lonse. N'koipa kwambiri kwa munthu amene ali ndi matenda a mtima.
• Kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi . Kuzitsatira izi kumathandiza kwambiri mtima. Imwani mankhwala omwe dokotala wakupatsani molondola.
• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi pamtima. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kudya zakudya zokhala ndi mchere wochepa, shuga, ndi mafuta ochepa, komanso zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi tirigu wonse. Palinso zakudya zabwino zomwe mungadye m'dera lanu. Muthanso kupempha upangiri kwa katswiri wa zakudya.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse. Komabe, funsani dokotala wanu za mtundu wa masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe ndi oyenera kwa inu komanso nthawi yomwe muyenera kuchita. Kuyenda pafupifupi mphindi 30 patsiku nthawi zambiri kumakhala bwino.
• Pitani kuchipatala nthawi zonse. Pitani kwa dokotala wanu wa mtima nthawi ndi nthawi ndipo mukalandire mayeso monga echocardiogram. Izi zikuthandizani kuwona momwe ma valve anu alili.
• Imwani mankhwala opha maantibayotiki (monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera) musanalandire chithandizo cha mano kapena opaleshoni ina . Izi zingafunike kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena a mtima, kuti apewe matenda monga matenda a mtima. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi.
• Uzani onse omwe akukuthandizani pa zaumoyo, kuphatikizapo dokotala wa mano, kuti muli ndi vuto la mtima kuti athe kuliganizira akamakuchizani.
• Chepetsani kumwa mchere. Izi zithandiza kuchepetsa kusunga madzi m'thupi komanso kuchepetsa kutupa.

Kumbukirani, kutsatira zinthu izi kungakuthandizeni kukhala ndi moyo wabwino komanso kuchepetsa mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matendawa.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi vuto la valavu ya mtima, muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi endocarditis . Iyi ndi matenda a mkati mwa mtima kapena valavu yake. Izi zitha kukhala zoopsa kwambiri.

Kotero, ngati muwona zizindikiro za matenda , zikutanthauza:

• Malungo osadziwika chifukwa chake
• Kumva kuzizira kwambiri
• Thukuta la usiku
• Kupweteka kwa thupi
• Kutopa mwadzidzidzi
• Chikhure

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo . Musazengereze.

Komanso, ngati zizindikiro zilizonse za valavu ya mtima zomwe zatchulidwa kale (kupweteka pachifuwa, kupuma movutikira, kutopa, kutupa) zikuoneka zatsopano kapena ngati zizindikiro zomwe zilipo zikuipiraipira, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Pomaliza, ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe muyenera kukumbukira!

Chabwino, ndikukhulupirira kuti mwamvetsa bwino za ma valve a mtima kuchokera pa zomwe takambirana lero. Mwachidule, ma valve awa ali ngati dongosolo lofunika kwambiri, laling'ono la zitseko mumtima mwathu. Ngati sizigwira ntchito bwino, zingakhudze thanzi la thupi lonse.

• Lolani madokotala amvetsere kugunda kwa mtima kwanu. Ngati dokotala amva ``Heart Murmur`` yachilendo, adzafufuza. Adzakuuzani ngati ndi yoopsa kapena ayi.
• Samalani zizindikiro. Musanyalanyaze zinthu monga kupweteka pachifuwa, kupuma movutikira, kutopa, ndi kutupa. Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro zomwe thupi lanu likuwonetsani.
• Tsatirani moyo wathanzi. Kudya bwino, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kupewa kusuta fodya, komanso kuchepetsa thupi lanu ndizofunikira kwambiri pamtima wanu.
• Pitani kuchipatala nthawi zonse. Ngati vuto ladziwika msanga, zimakhala zosavuta kuchiza ndipo mavuto ake sachepa.

Mtima wanu uli ngati injini ya moyo wanu. Ndi udindo wanu kuusamalira bwino. Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kapena mavuto, musaope kulankhula ndi dokotala, ndipo musamachedwe. Simuli nokha, ndipo tonsefe, akatswiri azaumoyo, tili pano kuti tikuthandizeni ndi kukutsogolerani!

Ma valve a mtima, matenda a mtima, ntchito ya mtima, kuyenda kwa magazi, zizindikiro za ma valve, thanzi la mtima, chisamaliro cha mtima