Kodi muli ndi vuto la ndulu? Tiyeni tikambirane za HIDA Scan!

Kodi munayamba mwamvapo kupweteka kumtunda kwa mimba yanu? Kapena dokotala anakuuzanipo kuti muli ndi vuto linalake ndi ndulu yanu? Panthawiyo, mwina munapemphedwa kuti mupange `HIDA scan` (Hepatobiliary Immunodiacetic Acid Scan). Chifukwa chake, mungamve mantha pang'ono mukamva izi, koma musadandaule. Lero, tikambirana za `HIDA scan` iyi mwachidule, mwanjira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi HIDA scan ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, HIDA scan ndi mayeso apadera omwe amaona momwe ndulu yanu ikugwirira ntchito. Pa izi, mankhwala ochepa otchedwa radioactive tracer amalowetsedwa m'thupi lanu. Kenako, kamera yapadera imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwona momwe imayendera m'thupi lanu. Mayesowa amachitikira ku dipatimenti ya zamankhwala a nyukiliya kuchipatala.

Kuti tifotokoze zambiri, 'HIDA scan' iyi ikuyang'ana momwe ndulu imayendera kuchokera pachiwindi kupita kumatumbo ang'onoang'ono. Timatcha njira iyi ya ndulu kuti 'njira ya ndulu'.

Taganizirani izi, chiwindi chanu chimapanga madzi ogaya chakudya otchedwa ndulu. Nndulu iyi imatithandiza kugaya mafuta omwe ali mu chakudya chomwe timadya. Kenako, ndulu yomwe imapangidwa imayenda kudzera m'machubu apadera (njira za ndulu) ndipo imasungidwa mu ndulu. Ndundu ndi thumba laling'ono lomwe lili pansi pa chiwindi chanu, kumanja, pafupi ndi nthiti zanu zapansi. Mukadya, ndulu iyi imafinya (imafinya) ndikutumiza ndulu yomwe imasungidwa mkati mwake kudzera m'njira zogaya chakudya kupita ku gawo loyamba la matumbo anu ang'onoang'ono (duodenum), kuti ithandize kugaya mafuta.

Kodi mukumvetsa tsopano? Ngati pali vuto pang'ono penapake mu ndondomekoyi, mutha kukumana ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana. Pamenepo ndi pomwe 'HIDA scan' iyi ingathandize kupeza chomwe chimayambitsa. Izi zimatchedwanso 'cholescintigraphy' ndi 'hepatobiliary scintigraphy'.

Ndi matenda ati omwe angadziwike pogwiritsa ntchito HIDA scan?

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito `HIDA scan` iyi kuti azindikire ndikuwunika kukula kwa matenda awa:

• Matenda a cholecystitis: Uwu ndi matenda omwe amabwera mwadzidzidzi. Mutha kumva kupweteka kwambiri kumtunda kwa mimba yanu komanso zizindikiro monga malungo. Nthawi zambiri (pafupifupi 90%) amayamba chifukwa cha miyala ya ndulu yomwe imatseka njira ya ndulu.
• Matenda a cholecystitis osatha: Apa ndi pamene ndulu yanu imatupa ndi kutupa nthawi zonse. Ululu umakhala wochepa kwambiri kuposa nthawi ya pachimake, koma kusapeza bwino kumatha kubwera ndi kutha. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha miyala ya ndulu yomwe imatseka ndulu (cystic duct).
• Kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa sphincter ya Oddi: Apa ndi pamene sphincter ya Oddi, minofu yomwe imagwira ntchito ngati chipata cha ndulu ndi madzi a kapamba (ma enzymes), siitseguka bwino. Izi zimapangitsa kuti madzi am'mimba abwerere m'mimba. Izi zingayambitse kupweteka kwambiri.
• Kuchuluka kwa biliary:Imeneyi ndi vuto lomwe limapezeka mwa makanda obadwa kumene. Limaletsa kutuluka kwa ndulu kuchokera ku chiwindi cha mwana kupita ku matumbo ang'onoang'ono. Ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu, koma chosowa, cha jaundice mwa makanda obadwa kumene. Ngati izi sizikonzedwa ndi opaleshoni mkati mwa miyezi iwiri kapena itatu yoyambirira ya moyo, zimatha kuwononga chiwindi.
• Kutuluka kwa ndulu: Apa ndi pamene ndulu imatuluka m'mitsempha ya ndulu. Izi zikachitika, minofu yozungulira imatha kutupa, kupweteka, komanso kutenga matenda. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika pambuyo pochita opaleshoni yochotsa ndulu, kuvulala, kapena kuikidwa chiwindi.

Kodi ndi liti pamene mukufunika HIDA scan?

Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti mugwiritse ntchito HIDA scan kuti muwone ngati pali mavuto mu maselo a chiwindi, biliary system, ndi ndulu. Dokotala akhoza kuyitanitsa HIDA scan ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi:

• Kupweteka kwambiri m'mimba, makamaka kumanja: Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha kutupa mwadzidzidzi kwa ndulu (cholecystitis). Ichi ndiye chifukwa chofala kwambiri choyezera HIDA.
• Ululu kapena malungo mutachitidwa opaleshoni ina: Ngati mwachitidwa opaleshoni yochotsa ndulu, opaleshoni yam'mimba yam'mwamba, kapena kuikidwa chiwindi, mungafunike HIDA scan ngati muli ndi malungo ndi ululu pambuyo pake.
• Njala yoopsa ya chikasu mwa makanda obadwa kumene: Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda oopsa otchedwa biliary atresia.

Komanso, ngati muli ndi stent ya biliary yomwe yaikidwa mu duct yanu ya bile, mutha kuyesedwa HIDA kuti muwone ngati ikugwira ntchito bwino. Stent ya biliary ndi chubu chopyapyala, chopanda kanthu chomwe chimayikidwa mu duct yanu ya bile kuti chikhale chotseguka ngati chatsekeka. Ngati mudayikidwapo chiwindi, mutha kuyesedwa kangapo HIDA kuti muwone momwe chiwindi chanu chikugwirira ntchito pambuyo pa opaleshoni.

Ndani amachita HIDA scan?

Pali akatswiri atatu azachipatala omwe amagwira ntchito yojambula HIDA. Amathandiza kukonza zida zojambulira, kupereka mankhwala oyeretsera, komanso kutanthauzira zotsatira za scan. Awa ndi:

• Dokotala amene ali katswiri pa `mankhwala a nyukiliya` kapena `radiology ya nyukiliya`.
• Katswiri wa zaukadaulo wa nyukiliya.
• Katswiri wa sayansi ya zamankhwala.

Kodi HIDA scan imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Kujambula kwa HIDA (hepatobiliary immunodiacetic acid scan) kumagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochepa zowononga zomwe zimatchedwa radiopharmaceuticals kapena radiotracers. Izi nthawi zambiri zimabayidwa m'mitsempha yanu.

'Radiotracer' iyi imadutsa m'chiwindi chanu, ndulu, ndi m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono. 'Radiotracer' iyi imatulutsa mphamvu yotchedwa 'gamma rays'. Makamera apadera amazindikira mphamvu iyi, ndipo kompyuta imagwiritsa ntchito kuti ipange zithunzi zomveka bwino za momwe ziwalo ndi minofu yanu ikugwirira ntchito.

Kodi ndingakonzekere bwanji ku HIDA scan?

Gulu lanu lachipatala lidzakupatsani malangizo enieni amomwe mungakonzekerere HIDA scan. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo amenewo molondola. Nayi malangizo onse okonzekera:

• Ngati muli ndi pakati, mukuganiza kuti mwina muli ndi pakati, kapena mukuyamwitsa , ndikofunikira kuti mudziwitse dokotala wanu musanachite HIDA scan.
• Uzani gulu lanu lachipatala za mankhwala onse omwe mumamwa, kuphatikizapo mavitamini ndi zowonjezera ku zitsamba. Dokotala wanu angakupempheni kuti musiye kumwa mankhwala ena musanayesedwe, chifukwa angakhudze zotsatira za kuyesedwako.
• Mukabwera kudzajambula , chotsani zodzikongoletsera kapena zowonjezera zilizonse ndikuzisiya kunyumba, kapena zichotseni musanajambule. Izi zitha kusokoneza mayeso.
• Ngati mukuopa malo otsekeka (`claustrophobia`), tiuzeni mayeso asanayambe. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kuti mupeze zithunzi zabwino kwambiri, kamera yojambulira iyenera kugwiridwa pafupi ndi thupi lanu. Komabe, kamera iyi siili ngati chubu chomwe chimatsekedwa mozungulira, koma imakhala yotseguka mbali zonse ziwiri. Nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pamwamba pa mimba yanu, ndipo siiphimba nkhope yanu.
• Kuti muyesedwe ndi HIDA , muyenera kusala kudya kwa maola osachepera anayi (osadya kapena kumwa kupatula madzi). Ngati mukufuna kusala kudya kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa pamenepo, dokotala wanu adzakuuzani.
• Makanda obadwa kumene angafunike chithandizo chapadera masiku atatu kapena asanu asanajambulidwe. Ogwira ntchito ku chipinda cha ana adzakulangizani za izi.

Kodi muyenera kugona nthawi ya HIDA scan?

Nthawi zambiri simupatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu pochita HIDA scan. Ndipotu, ma scan ena amafuna kuti musinthe malo anu.

Komabe, ngati mukuvutika kukhala chete panthawi yowunikira, kapena ngati mwana wanu akuwunikiridwa, inu kapena mwana wanu mungapatsidwe mankhwala ochepetsa ululu kuti amuthandize kukhala chete ndikugona. Komabe, sizingakupangitseni kugona tulo tofa nato, mudzakhala maso.

Kodi HIDA scan imatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Kujambula kwa HIDA nthawi zambiri kumatenga pakati pa ola limodzi ndi anayi . Nthawi zina, mungapemphedwe kuti mubwererenso mkati mwa maola 24 kuchokera pamene kujambula koyamba kwachitika kuti mupeze zithunzi zina.

Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani panthawi ya HIDA scan?

Pakhoza kukhala kusiyana pang'ono pa momwe HIDA scan imachitikira, kutengera gawo lomwe likufufuzidwa la biliary system yanu. Koma kawirikawiri, izi ndi zomwe mungayembekezere:

• Mudzafunika kuchotsa zovala zomwe zikuphimba mimba yanu. Chipatala chidzakupatsani diresi yoti muvale m'malo mwake.
• Muyenera kugona chafufumimba patebulo lofufuzira.
• Namwino kapena katswiri adzaika catheter yolowetsedwa m'mitsempha (IV) mumtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu kapena m'dzanja lanu, ndikubaya radiotracer.
• Katswiri adzayika kamera yojambulira pamimba panu, pafupi ndi thupi lanu.
• Mukayamba kujambula zithunzi, kamera yojambulira zithunzi imatenga zithunzi zingapo. Kamerayo imatha kuzungulira mozungulira inu kapena kukhala pamalo amodzi.
• Mukamajambula zithunzi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kusunga kamera pamalo amodzi osasuntha. Pamenepo ndi pomwe mungapeze zithunzi zabwino kwambiri.
• Mungapemphedwenso kuti musinthe malo pakati pa kujambula zithunzi. Katswiri wa ukadaulo adzakuuzani zimenezo.
• Mukatha kujambula zithunzi, katswiri wa ukadaulo angakupatseni mankhwala oti muchotse ndulu yanu. Izi zingayambitse kupweteka pang'ono m'mimba mwanu. Pamene ndulu yanu ikutuluka, adzajambula zithunzi zambiri.
• Zithunzi zonse zofunika zikatengedwa (izi zitha kutenga pafupifupi maola anayi), sikaniyo imatha.

Kodi HIDA scan imapweteka?

Kujambula kwa HIDA sikopweteka kwambiri. Pamene radiotracer ikuperekedwa kudzera mu IV, mungamve kuyabwa pang'ono pamene singano ikulowetsedwa mu mtsempha, ndizo zonse.

Komabe, ngati mukuyesedwa ndi HIDA kuti mudziwe ngati muli ndi vuto la matenda, mutha kumva ululu chifukwa cha vutoli. Mwachitsanzo, matenda monga cholecystitis ndi sphincter of Oddi dysfunction angayambitse ululu waukulu. Komanso, simuyenera kumwa mankhwala ena ochepetsa ululu musanayesedwe, chifukwa mankhwalawa amatha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a biliary system yanu ndikukhudza kulondola kwa mayesowo.

Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala oletsa ululu (monga morphine ndi codeine) ayenera kuyimitsidwa maola osachepera asanu ndi limodzi musanayesedwe ndi HIDA.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa HIDA scan?

Kutengera chifukwa chomwe mudachitira HIDA scan, mutha kupita kunyumba, kapena mungafunike kubwerera ku chipatala.

Muyenera kumwa madzi ambiri kwa maola 24 otsatira mutatha kusanthula. Izi zithandiza `radiotracer` kutuluka m'thupi lanu mwachangu. Nthawi zambiri, `radiotracer` imatuluka m'thupi lanu mkati mwa tsiku limodzi, kaya kudzera mu mkodzo kapena ndowe.

Tsukani chimbudzi bwino mukatha kuchigwiritsa ntchito, ndipo sambani m'manja mwanu bwino ndi sopo. Kuchuluka kwa kuwala mu tracer ndi kochepa kwambiri, kotero palibe chiopsezo kwa ena omwe ali pafupi nanu mukatha kuchijambula.

Ngati ndinu mayi woyamwitsa, muyenera kupewa kutulutsa mkaka wa m'mawere kwa maola 24 mutatha kujambulidwa. Izi zili choncho chifukwa chowunikira ma radiotherapy chingapangitse kuti mkaka wa m'mawere ukhale woopsa, zomwe zingakhale zoopsa kwa mwana wanu. Chifukwa chake, ndi bwino kutulutsa mkaka wowonjezera musanajambulidwe ndikuusunga bwino, kapena kupeza njira ina yodyetsera mwana wanu tsiku lotsatira kujambulidwa.

Kodi zoopsa ndi zotsatirapo zake za HIDA scan ndi ziti?

Zoopsa za HIDA scan ndizochepa kwambiri. Izi ndi izi:

• Malo omwe anabayidwapo radiotracer akhoza kukhala ovulala pang'ono.
• Pali kuchuluka kochepa kwa kuwala komwe kumaonekera pa nthawi ya HIDA scan. Kuchuluka kwa kuwala komwe mumapeza pa nthawi ya HIDA scan ndi kofanana ndi komwe munthu wamba amakumana nako kuchokera ku chilengedwe chaka chimodzi.
• N'zotheka kukhala ndi vuto la ziwengo chifukwa cha ma radiotracer omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pojambula. Komabe, izi zimachitika kawirikawiri .

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuuza dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi pakati, mukuganiza kuti muli ndi pakati, kapena mukuyamwitsa. Nthawi zambiri, mayeso a mankhwala a nyukiliya, monga HIDA scan, sachitidwa kwa amayi apakati chifukwa amatha kuvulaza mwana wosabadwayo.

Kujambula zithunzi za mankhwala a nyukiliya, kuphatikizapo HIDA scan, kumapereka chidziwitso chapadera chomwe mayeso ena, monga ultrasound, sangachipeze. Chifukwa chake, ngati mulibe pakati, ubwino wa HIDA scan umaposa zoopsa zazing'ono.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mudziwe zotsatira za HIDA scan?

Dokotala wa radiology adzayang'ana zithunzi kuchokera ku HIDA scan, kulemba lipoti, ndikuuza dokotala wanu zotsatira zake. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani zotsatira zake. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatenga maola osakwana 24 .

Kodi zotsatira za HIDA scan ndi ziti?

Chidziwitso chomwe chili mu lipoti lanu la zotsatira za HIDA scan chingasiyane kutengera chifukwa chomwe mudachitira scan. Kawirikawiri, lipotilo lidzafotokoza momwe radiotracer idayendera kudzera mu biliary system yanu.

Madokotala amapanga matenda omaliza mwa kuphatikiza zotsatira za HIDA scan ndi mayeso ena, monga mayeso a magazi.

Zotsatira za HIDA scan zitha kuphatikizapo:

• Zachibadwa: Chojambulira cha radiotracer chadutsa kuchokera ku chiwindi chanu kupita ku ndulu yanu ndi matumbo ang'onoang'ono popanda choletsa chilichonse.
• Kuyenda pang'onopang'ono kwa radiotracer: Izi zitha kutanthauza kuti pali kutsekeka kapena kutsekeka kwinakwake mu duct yanu ya ndulu, kapena kuti chiwindi chanu sichikugwira ntchito bwino.
• Palibe chowunikira chomwe chimapezeka mu ndulu: Izi zikutanthauza kuti muli ndi cholecystitis yoopsa, yomwe imatsekeka mu duct ya ndulu.
• Gawo lotulutsa ndulu lomwe silili bwino: Izi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa ndulu yomwe ndulu yanu ingatulutse (gawo lotulutsa) mutapatsidwa mankhwala. Gawo lotulutsa ndulu la 30% mpaka 35% ndi labwinobwino. Ngati nambalayi ndi yotsika kwambiri, ikhoza kusonyeza matenda aakulu a cholecystitis.
• Radiotracer yapezeka m'madera ena:Ngati scan ikuwonetsa kuti radiotracer ili kunja kwa dongosolo lanu la biliary, ikhoza kusonyeza kuti biliary yatuluka.

Kumbukirani, kaya zotsatira zanu zili zotani, dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani, choncho musaope kuwafunsa mafunso.

Pomaliza, zomwe muyenera kudziwa

Kujambula kwa `HIDA scan` (Hepatobiliary Immunodiacetic Acid Scan) ndi mayeso ofunikira kuti azindikire mavuto ena m'chiwindi chanu, m'mitsempha ya ndulu, ndi ndulu. Zingakhale zovuta pang'ono kuchita mayeso otere. Koma dziwani kuti `HIDA scan` ndi mayeso osapweteka konse. Mutha kufunsa dokotala wanu za mafunso kapena nkhawa zomwe muli nazo. Musadandaule, madokotala alipo kuti akuthandizeni.

Kujambula kwa HIDA , ndulu, chiwindi, ndulu, zinthu zotulutsa ma radioactive, kuzindikira, kupweteka m'mimba