Kodi mukudziwa za mtsempha wamagazi wamtengo wapataliwu womwe uli m'khosi mwanu? (Mtsempha wa Vertebral) Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane!

Tonsefe timasamala kwambiri za thanzi lathu. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa za mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imapereka magazi ku ubongo wathu ndi msana. Lero tikambirana za mtundu umodzi wofunika kwambiri wa mitsempha yamagazi. Uwu ndi womwe timautcha `(Vertebral Arteries)`. Kunena zoona, izi zili ngati magazi amoyo omwe amadyetsa gawo lapamwamba la thupi lathu.

Kodi `(Mitsempha ya Vertebral)` iyi ndi chiyani? Kodi kwenikweni imachita chiyani?

Mwachidule, `Vertebral Arteries` ndi mitsempha ikuluikulu iwiri yamagazi yomwe ili m'khosi mwathu yomwe imanyamula magazi kupita ku ubongo ndi msana (mtsempha waukulu womwe umayenda kudzera mu msana). Inde, pali iwiri, umodzi kumanzere ndi wina kumanja. Dzina lakuti `Vertebral` limachokera ku mfundo yakuti mitsempha iyi imayenda m'mitsempha yathu ya msana, mafupa a msana. Mitsempha iwiriyi imalumikizana pansi pa chigaza kuti ipange mtsempha waukulu wotchedwa `Basilar Artery`. Timatchanso dongosolo lonseli `Vertebrobasilar system`.

Kotero, ntchito yaikulu ya izi ndikupereka mpweya ndi zakudya zomwe ubongo wathu umafunikira . Kodi mukudziwa kuti 20% ya magazi onse opita ku ubongo wathu amaperekedwa ndi ``Vertebral Arteries`` izi ? 80% yotsalayo imaperekedwa ndi mtsempha wina waukulu m'khosi wotchedwa ``Carotid Artery``. Ndiye tangoganizirani kufunika kwa izi!

Mitsempha ya `(Vertebral Arteries)` iyi imatulutsa nthambi zing'onozing'ono zambiri. Yaikulu kwambiri mwa izo imatchedwa `(Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery)`. Iyi ndi imodzi mwa mitsempha itatu yayikulu yomwe imapereka magazi ku `(Cerebellum)` yathu, kutanthauza gawo laling'ono la ubongo (cerebellum). `(Cerebellum)` iyi ndi yofunika kwambiri. Imathandiza kulamulira zinthu zambiri m'thupi lathu, monga kulinganiza, kuyenda, kulankhula, ndi kuwona.

Ndiye, kodi "Vertebral Arteries" iyi ili kuti?

Mitsempha iwiri iyi ya `(Vertebral Arteries)` imayambira ku `(Subclavian Arteries)` yomwe ili pansi pa collarbone yathu, kutanthauza, pansi pa fupa la `clavicle``. Mitsempha iyi ya `(Subclavian Arteries)` imayambira ku `Aorta``, yomwe ndi mtsempha waukulu kwambiri wamagazi m'thupi lathu. `Aorta`` ndi yomwe imanyamula magazi kuchokera pamtima kupita ku thupi lonse. Kunena zoona, `Subclavian Artery`` yomwe ili kumanja imayambira ku `Brachiocephalic Artery`` yomwe imachokera ku `Aorta``. `Subclavian Artery`` yomwe ili kumanzere imayambira mwachindunji ku `Aorta``.

Kenako `(Mitsempha ya Vertebral)` iwiriyi, padera, imapita mbali zakumanzere ndi zakumanja za msana wathu m'khosi. Mitsempha iyi imakutidwa ndi minofu yotchedwa `(Minofu ya Suboccipital)` pansi pa chigaza. Timatchanso dera ili `(Suboccipital triangle)`.

Kodi ziwalo zapadera za Vertebral Artery zomwe zili panjira yake ndi ziti?

Taganizirani ngati msewu wautali. Pali malo osiyanasiyana olumikizirana ndi madera osiyanasiyana pamsewuwo. Umu ndi momwe `(Vertebral Artery)` iyi imagawidwira m'magawo anayi (`magawo`) malinga ndi dera lomwe ikuyenda. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili:

• Gawo la V1 (lisanafike foraminal):Iyi ndi gawo loyamba lomwe limayamba ndi ``Subclavian Artery''. Limapita kumbuyo kwa ``Carotid Artery'', mtsempha wina waukulu wa m'khosi.
• Gawo la V2 (foraminal): Gawoli limakwera mmwamba limodzi ndi mitsempha ya msana (mitsempha yomwe imanyamula magazi kubwerera) ndi mitsempha. ``Vertebral Artery`` iyi imalowa kudzera m'malo otseguka otchedwa ``Transverse Foramen``` mu vertebra ya C6 (kutanthauza vertebra yachisanu ndi chimodzi m'khosi) ndikutuluka kudzera mu vertebra ya C2 (vertebra yachiwiri pansi pa chigaza).
• Gawo la V3 (lakunja kapena lakunja kwa msana): Gawoli limapindika ndi kupotoka pang'ono pamene likudutsa pa vertebra ya C1 (yomwe imatchedwanso ``Atlas'', yomwe ndi fupa lapamwamba kwambiri pamsana) ndikulowa m'chigaza.
• Gawo la V4 (mkati mwa mutu kapena mkati mwa mutu): Ili ndi gawo lomaliza lomwe limalowa m'chigaza. Kenako `(Mitsempha ya Vertebral)` ya kumanja ndi kumanzere imalumikizana kuti ipange `(Mitsempha ya Basilar)` yomwe yatchulidwa kale.

Kodi mwaona momwe mitsempha iyi ilili yovuta kupereka magazi ku ubongo wathu?

Ndi matenda ndi matenda ati omwe angakhudze `(Vertebral Arteries)`?

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone mtundu wa mavuto omwe mitsempha yamagazi yamtengo wapatali iyi ingayambitse.

Nthawi zambiri, mavuto amayamba chifukwa cha kuchulukana kwa mafuta ndi cholesterol m'mitsempha iyi, yomwe timaitcha `(plaque)`. Izi zili ngati dothi ndi zinyalala zomwe zimasonkhana mu chitoliro cha madzi pakapita nthawi. Timatcha vutoli `(atherosclerosis)` . Ngati `(plaque)` iyi iwonjezeka kwambiri, mtsempha wamagazi ukhoza kutsekeka kwathunthu.

Pamene `(Atherosclerosis)` ikukula mu `(Vertebral Arteries)` motere, imatchedwa `(Vertebral Artery Stenosis)`. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mtsempha wamagazi umakhala wopapatiza. Nchiyani chingayambitse izi?

• Magazi amatha kuuma. Magazi amatha kutsekeka m'malo opapatizawa ndipo magazi amatha kuuma.
• Kusokonekera kwakanthawi kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo kungayambitse ``Transient Ischemic Attack - TIA''. Timatchanso izi kuti ''mini stroke''.
• Matenda a sitiroko angachitike. Izi zingachitike ngati magazi ataundana atseka mtsempha wamagazi wonse muubongo.
• Matenda otchedwa ``Vertebrobasilar insufficiency'' angachitike. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ubongo sulandira magazi okwanira.

Kuwonjezera pa izi, palinso matenda ena omwe amakhudza mitsempha iyi:

• Kung'ambika kwa Mitsempha ya M'khosi: Uku ndi kung'ambika kwa khoma la mtsempha wa carotid kapena vertebral m'khosi. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuvulala, kapena kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda enaake olumikizana ndi minofu (monga Fibromuscular Dysplasia) omwe ali ndi mitsempha yamagazi yofooka.
• `(Rotational Vertebral Artery Stenosis)`: Iyi ndi vuto losowa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri limachitika pamene `(Vertebral Artery)` yapanikizika chifukwa cha kukula kosafunikira kwa fupa, zomwe zimalepheretsa kuyenda kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo. Izi zimatchedwanso `(Bowhunter's Syndrome)` chifukwa nthawi zina kupsinjika kumeneku kumawonjezeka panthawi yoponya mivi.

Ndiye kodi tingatani kuti `(Vertebral Arteries)` yamtengo wapataliyi ikhale yathanzi?

Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Ngati tisintha pang'ono pa moyo wathu, tingachepetse kwambiri chiopsezo cha matenda monga `(Vertebral Artery Stenosis)`. Onani ngati mungathe kuchita izi:

• Khalani otanganidwa masiku ambiri a sabata. Izi zikutanthauza kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ngakhale kuyenda pang'ono kuli bwino.
• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi pamtima. Zakudya zopanda mafuta ambiri, cholesterol, ndi mchere wambiri ndi zabwino kwambiri. Idyani ndiwo zamasamba zambiri, zipatso, tirigu wonse, ndi zakudya zokhala ndi ulusi wambiri.
• Khalani ndi kulemera koyenera. Kusunga kulemera koyenera kutalika kwanu n'kofunika kwambiri.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda monga matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena cholesterol yokwera, samalani bwino. Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola.
• Ngati mukusuta, siyani kusuta. Kusuta fodya kumawononga kwambiri mitsempha yamagazi.

Kumbukirani, zinthu izi zimathandiza osati "Mitsempha ya m'chiuno" yanu yokha komanso dongosolo lonse la mitsempha yamagazi ya thupi kukhala yathanzi.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Pali zizindikiro zina zomwe, ngati zikuwonekera, muyenera kuwona dokotala nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa zitha kukhala zizindikiro za matenda aakulu.

• Zizindikiro za sitiroko: Makamaka,
• Chizungulire chachikulu
• Kutaya kulinganiza bwino thupi (kusalinganiza bwino)
• Kuwona kawiri kapena kutayika kwa masomphenya
• Kufa ziwalo
• Ngati nthawi zambiri mumagwa popanda chifukwa `(Magwero Osafotokozedwa)`

Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa akukumana ndi izi, musataye nthawi ndipo funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Mukachira msanga vuto monga `(Stroke)`, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino.

Kotero, tiyeni tikumbukire mfundo zofunika kwambiri kuchokera pa zomwe takambirana? (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Tsopano mukudziwa kuti ``Vertebral Arteries`` yomwe tidakambirana lero ndi njira yofunika kwambiri ya mitsempha yomwe imapereka magazi ku ubongo wathu ndi msana. Kusunga izi kukhala zathanzi ndikofunikira kuti ``Njira yathu ya mitsempha’’ igwire ntchito bwino.

Kulephera kwa mitsempha ya m'mitsempha ...

Koma nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti tingachepetse kwambiri chiopsezochi mwa kusintha moyo wathanzi. Njira zabwino zochitira izi ndikudya zakudya zabwino, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse , kupewa kusuta fodya, komanso kuthana ndi matenda omwe alipo kale (monga matenda a shuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi) .

Choncho, samalirani thanzi lanu. Chifukwa palibe chinthu chamtengo wapatali kuposa thanzi!

'mitsempha ya msana, magazi opita ku ubongo, mitsempha ya pakhosi, ziwalo zofooka, sitiroko, kuchepa kwa mitsempha, mafuta ochulukirapo m'thupi