Kodi mukudziwa za 'fakitale' kakang'ono aka m'thupi mwathu? Tiyeni tikambirane za kapamba!

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo momwe timagayira chakudya chomwe timadya komanso momwe thupi lathu limalamulira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwathu? Pancreas ndi chiwalo chodabwitsa chobisika m'mimba mwathu chomwe chimathandiza pa zonsezi. Chili ngati fakitale yaying'ono, yomwe imagwira ntchito ziwiri zofunika nthawi imodzi! Mwachidule, ndi gawo la dongosolo lathu logaya chakudya komanso gawo la dongosolo lathu la endocrine (ndiko kuti, dongosolo lopanga mahomoni).

Kodi kwenikweni chimachitika ndi chiyani ku kapamba?

Pancreas imatithandiza m'njira ziwiri zazikulu: Choyamba ndi kutithandiza kugaya chakudya, ndipo china ndi kupanga mahomoni omwe amalamulira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwathu. Ngati ziwirizi sizigwira ntchito bwino, zingakhudze ziwalo zina zofunika monga mtima wathu, chiwindi, ndi impso.

Momwe mungathandizire kugaya chakudya

Tangoganizani kuti mwadya chakudya chokoma. Sitiganizira kwambiri za zomwe zidzachitike pambuyo pake, sichoncho, pokhapokha ngati m'mimba mupweteka? Koma pali ntchito yambiri yomwe ikuchitika m'thupi lathu. Ichi ndi chomwe kapamba amathandizira poyamba.

Pancreas imapanga malita 1 mpaka 4 a madzi odzaza ndi ma enzyme tsiku lililonse. Kuchuluka kumeneku kumasiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe timadya. Ma enzyme amenewa amaswa mapuloteni, mafuta, ndi chakudya chomwe timadya m'zidutswa tating'onoting'ono zomwe thupi limatha kuyamwa.

Umu ndi momwe zimachitikira:

• Mukatha kudya, kapamba amatumiza madzi a enzyme iyi kudzera m'mitsempha yaying'ono (njira zolumikizira) kupita mumtsempha waukulu wa kapamba.
• Mtsempha waukulu wa kapamba uwu umalumikizana ndi mtsempha wathu wa ndulu . Mtsempha wa ndulu umanyamula madzi otchedwa ndulu, omwe amapangidwa m'chiwindi ndikusungidwa mu ndulu. Mtsempha uwu umathandizanso kugaya chakudya.
• Ndudu yochokera mu ndulu ndi madzi a enzyme ochokera mu kapamba zonse zimaphatikizana ndikulowa mu duodenum , gawo loyamba la matumbo athu ang'onoang'ono (malo oyamba kumene chakudya chimatuluka m'mimba).
• Pamenepo ndi pomwe madzi awiriwa amasonkhana pamodzi ndikuyamba kusweka ndi kugaya chakudya bwino.

Kodi sizodabwitsa? Zinthu zovuta ngati izi zimachitika m'thupi mwathu popanda ife kuzindikira!

Kupanga mahomoni

Ntchito ina yofunika kwambiri ya kapamba ndikupanga mahomoni. Makamaka, mahomoni awiri ofunikira kwambiri omwe amalamulira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi amapangidwa pano. Awa ndi insulin ndi glucagon .

• Ngati shuga m'magazi mwanu wakwera, kapamba amatulutsa insulin . Insulin imasuntha shuga wochulukirapo kupita ku maselo, zomwe zimachepetsa shuga m'magazi.
• Komanso, ngati shuga m'magazi mwanu watsika (mwachitsanzo, ngati simunadye kwa nthawi yayitali), kapamba amatulutsa glucagon . Glucagon imapita ndikutulutsa shuga wosungidwa m'chiwindi chathu (monga glycogen) kubwerera m'magazi, zomwe zimakweza shuga m'magazi.

Kusunga shuga m'magazi moyenera mwanjira imeneyi ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti chiwalo chilichonse m'thupi chigwire ntchito bwino.

Kodi kapamba kali kuti?

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone komwe chiwalo chodabwitsachi chimabisika m'thupi lathu. Kapamba kali kumbuyo kwa mimba yathu ndi kutsogolo kwa msana wathu. Kuli ngati malo otetezeka. Kuzungulira kuli ziwalo zina zofunika monga ndulu, chiwindi, ndi ndulu.

Kodi kapamba kali mbali iti ya thupi?

'Mutu' wa kapamba uli kumanja kwa thupi lathu. Umazungulira duodenum, gawo loyamba la matumbo athu ang'onoang'ono. 'Mchira' wa kapamba umafikira kumanzere kwa thupi, pafupi ndi ndulu .

Kodi ziwalo za kapamba ndi ziti?

Mwachidule, kapamba akhoza kugawidwa m'magawo anayi:

• Mutu: Gawo lalikulu kwambiri la kapamba, lomwe lili mkati mwa duodenum.
• Khosi: Gawo lalifupi kuyambira pamutu.
• Thupi: Gawo lapakati pakati pa mutu ndi khosi, lomwe lili mmwamba pang'ono.
• Mchira: Gawo loonda kwambiri la kapamba, lomwe limathera pafupi ndi ndulu.

Kodi pancreatic imawoneka bwanji?

Pancreas imaoneka ngati peyala . Ndi yokhuthala kumapeto kwina ndipo imachepa mpaka kumapeto kopyapyala. Ukaikhudza kuchokera kunja , imakhala yolimba komanso yotupa, ngati chipolopolo cha chimanga. Ndi yayitali pafupifupi mainchesi 6 - pafupifupi kutalika kwa dzanja lako. Imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 90 (pafupifupi mapaundi 0.20), zomwe ndi pafupifupi kulemera kwa deki wamba wa makadi.

Ndi matenda ati omwe angakhudze kapamba?

Mwatsoka, kapamba, yemwe amagwira ntchito zofunika kwambiri, amathanso kudwala matenda ena. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili:

• Matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba: Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti kapamba sapanga insulin yokwanira. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha vuto la chitetezo chamthupi.
• Matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri: Mu matenda a shuga amtundu uwu, kapamba amapanga insulin, koma thupi silingathe kuigwiritsa ntchito bwino (izi zimatchedwa kukana insulin). Kapena, thupi silingapange insulin yokwanira.
• Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi (shuga wambiri m'magazi): Pamene kapamba apanga glucagon wochuluka, kapena ngati palibe insulin yokwanira, shuga m'magazi amakwera.
• Hypoglycemia (shuga wochepa m'magazi): Izi zimachitika pamene insulin yochuluka imapangidwa (mwina ngati mlingo wa mankhwala a matenda a shuga wawonjezeka), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga m'magazi achepe kwambiri.
• Matenda a Pancreatitis:Imeneyi ndi vuto loopsa. Limachitika pamene ma enzyme opangidwa mu kapamba ayamba kugwira ntchito mkati mwa kapamba asanafike m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono (duodenum). Izi zitha kuwononga kapamba palokha. Miyala ya ndulu kapena vuto la kumwa mowa ndiye zifukwa zazikulu. Limatha kuchitika mwadzidzidzi ndikuchira (pancreatitis yoopsa) kapena likhoza kukhala matenda osatha.
• Khansa ya Pancreatic: Matenda omwe amapezeka pamene maselo a kapamba amakhala khansa. Imeneyi imaonedwa ngati mtundu wa khansa womwe ndi wovuta kuuzindikira ndi kuchiza chifukwa zizindikiro sizimapezeka kawirikawiri kumayambiriro.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za matenda a pancreatic

Chabwino, mungadziwe bwanji ngati pali vuto ndi kapamba wanu? Si matenda onse omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zonsezi, koma onani ngati muli ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikiro izi:

• Kupweteka m'mimba , makamaka m'mimba chapamwamba, nthawi zina kumayenderana ndi kupweteka kwa msana. Kupweteka kumeneku kumatha kukulirakulira mukatha kudya.
• Kupweteka kwa msana.
• Kusawona bwino (izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda a shuga).
• Mkodzo wakuda, kapena ndowe zoyera, zamafuta, zoyandama.
• Kutopa kosalekeza.
• Ludzu losalekeza komanso kufunikira kukodza pafupipafupi (izi ndi zizindikiro za matenda a shuga).
• Kusanza kapena kusanza.
• Kumva ngati ziwalo zanu zikuyamba kuchita dzanzi.
• Kuchepa thupi popanda chifukwa.
• Jaundice (kuoneka kwachikasu kwa maso ndi khungu). Izi zimachitika ngati njira ya ndulu yatsekedwa.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro ngati izi, ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala ndikupempha upangiri.

Mayeso oyesa thanzi la kapamba

Popeza kapamba amabisika kwambiri m'thupi lathu, n'zovuta kuti madokotala adziwe momwe alili pongoyang'ana. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amagwiritsa ntchito mayeso apadera monga awa:

• Ultrasound ya m'mimba kapena endoscopic ultrasound: Izi zimatha kuwona zithunzi za kapamba.
• Kuyeza kwa angiography: Kuyang'ana momwe mitsempha yamagazi ilili.
• Kuyezetsa magazi: Yang'anani zinthu monga kuchuluka kwa ma enzyme a pancreatic (amylase, lipase), kuchuluka kwa shuga, ndi ntchito ya chiwindi.
• Kujambula kwa CAT / CT: Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wojambulira zithunzi za kapamba m'magawo osiyanasiyana.
• Mayeso a ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) kapena MRCP (magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography): Izi zitha kuyang'ana ma ducts a pancreatic ndi ma ducts a bile.
• Mayeso a elastase ya ndowe:Onetsetsani ngati kapamba akupanga ma enzyme okwanira kugaya chakudya.
• Kujambula kwa MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Izi zithanso kujambula zithunzi za kapamba mwatsatanetsatane.
• Kuyesa kwa ntchito ya pancreatic Secretin: Kuyeza momwe pancreatic imayankhira ku hormone ya secretin.

Nthawi zina, madokotala angafunike kuchita opaleshoni (monga kutenga biopsy) kuti aone mavuto a kapamba.

Mankhwala a Matenda a Pancreas

Madokotala amasankha chithandizo kutengera matenda omwe amapezeka mu kapamba.

• Kwa Matenda a Shuga: Insulin imaperekedwa makamaka kunja kwa thupi (makamaka kwa matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba), kapena mankhwala amaperekedwa kuti achepetse shuga m'magazi. Kusintha kwa moyo (zakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi) ndikofunikira kwambiri.
• Pa khansa ya kapamba: Mankhwala a chemotherapy, radiation, ndi opaleshoni ndiye njira zazikulu zochiritsira. Nthawi zina njira imodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamodzi.
• Pa kapamba: Chithandizo chimaphatikizapo kusiya kudya kwakanthawi, kupereka madzi kudzera m'mitsempha, ndi kupereka mankhwala ochepetsa ululu. Chithandizo chimasiyana malinga ndi chomwe chimayambitsa (mwachitsanzo, miyala ya ndulu imachotsedwa). Kusintha zakudya ndi kusiya kumwa mowa ndikofunikira pa kapamba wokhalitsa.

Anthu ena angafunike kuikidwa kapamba kapena kuchotsedwa kapamba, komwe kumaphatikizapo kuchotsa gawo lina kapena kapamba wonse. Nthawi zambiri, maselo a kapamba opangidwa ndi insulin (otchedwa islets of Langerhans cells ) amaikidwa m'chiwindi kuti apitirize kupanga insulin.

Kodi ndingachite bwanji kuti kapamba wanga akhale wathanzi?

Tonsefe timafuna kukhala athanzi. Choncho pali zinthu zingapo zomwe tingachite kuti tisamalire kapamba kakang'ono koma kofunikira kwambiri aka:

• Khalani ndi kulemera koyenera. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse komanso kuchepetsa thupi kungathandize kupewa matenda a ndulu, zomwe zingayambitse matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri komanso kapamba.
• Idyani zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ochepa komanso zokhala ndi ulusi wambiri. Zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri komanso zopangidwa ndi zinthu zina zimatha kuyambitsa matenda a ndulu, zomwe zingayambitse matenda a kapamba. Komanso, kunenepa kwambiri ( body mass index (BMI)) kwa anthu opitirira zaka 30 ndi chinthu chomwe chingayambitse khansa ya kapamba.
• Samalani ndi kumwa mowa. Chepetsani mowa momwe mungathere, kapena siyani kwathunthu. Kumwa mowa kumawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga matenda a kapamba ndi khansa ya kapamba.
• Siyani kusuta. Kusuta fodya, kusuta ndudu, ndi fodya wopanda utsi (monga kutafuna chingamu) zonse zimawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga khansa ya kapamba komanso kapamba wosachiritsika.
• Pitani kuchipatala nthawi zonse. Kukaonana ndi dokotala nthawi zonse kungathandize kuzindikira matenda monga khansa ya kapamba ndi kapamba msanga.

Kodi n'zotheka kukhala ndi moyo wopanda kapamba?

Funso limenelo lingakhale lomwe mukudzifunsa. Inde, n'zotheka kukhala popanda kapamba. Koma ngati mutero, muyenera kumwa mapiritsi a enzyme kuti mugaye chakudya ndi insulin kuti muwongolere shuga m'magazi anu kwa moyo wanu wonse. Sizachilendo kuchotsa kapamba wonse. Koma ngati muli ndi khansa ya kapamba, kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa kapamba, kapena kapamba woopsa, dokotala wanu angafunike kupanga chisankho chimenecho.

Pomaliza, zomwe muyenera kukumbukira

Nthawi zambiri, sitimaganizira kwambiri za kapamba wathu mpaka china chake chitalakwika, eti? Chiwalo ichi, chobisika kuseri kwa mimba zathu, chili ngati fakitale yokhala ndi magawo awiri. Kumbali imodzi, chimathandiza kugaya chakudya, ndipo kumbali ina, chimalamulira shuga m'magazi. Mwa kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso kupewa zinthu monga kusuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso , mutha kuthandiza kapamba wanu wamtengo wapatali kukhala wathanzi kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, samalirani thupi lanu, chifukwa thanzi ndiye chuma chachikulu! Mwamva?

Pancreas , kapamba, kugaya chakudya, mahomoni, insulin, glucagon, matenda a shuga, kapamba, khansa ya kapamba, shuga m'magazi