Kodi mulingo wa chloride m'magazi mwanu uli bwanji? Tiyeni tikambirane izi mwachidule!

Kodi munayesedwapo magazi? Ngati ndi choncho, mwina mwawonapo chinthu chotchedwa "Chloride" chomwe chili pa lipoti lanu. Chifukwa chake, izi zitha kukhala zachilendo kwa anthu ambiri. "Kodi chloride iyi ndi chiyani? Nchifukwa chiyani imayesedwa m'magazi athu?" Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo chinthu chomwecho? Chifukwa chake, lero tikambirana za chloride iyi ndi magazi okhudzana nayo m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse. Monga momwe mungalankhulire ndi mnzanu.

Kodi kloridi ndi chiyani? N’chifukwa chiyani ndi yofunika kwa ife?

Mwachidule, kloridi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Kunena zoona, ndi electrolyte. Mwina mukuganiza kuti, "Wow, electrolyte ndi chiyani?" Musadandaule, ndichita zinthu zosavuta.

Taganizirani izi, pali mchere waung'ono m'thupi mwathu womwe umatithandiza kuchita ntchito zosiyanasiyana bwino. Izi zimatha kunyamula mphamvu yamagetsi yaying'ono ikasungunuka mumadzimadzi. Ndicho chimene timatcha "ma electrolyte". Chloride ndi chimodzi mwa izo. Sikuti chloride yokha, komanso "ma electrolyte" ena ofunikira m'thupi mwathu ndi "Sodium", "Potassium", ndi "Bicarbonate".

Choncho, pamodzi ndi ma chloride amenewa ndi ma electrolyte ena, amalamulira zinthu zambiri zofunika m'thupi lathu. Mwachitsanzo:

• Zimathandiza kuti mitsempha ndi minofu yathu zizigwira ntchito bwino. Tangoganizani, timafunikira izi pogwirana chanza, polankhula, pazinthu zonsezi.
• Kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thupi lathu, kapena kuti madzi okwanira, kumathandiza kuti madzi azikhala bwino.
• Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri powongolera kuchuluka kwa acid-base balance (kapena pH balance) m'magazi. Pokhapokha ngati izi zachitika, njira zamagetsi m'thupi lathu zimagwira ntchito bwino.

Kotero mutha kuona kufunika kwa chloride m'thupi lathu. Dokotala adzayang'ana kuchuluka kwa chloride m'magazi anu kuti awone ngati pali miyeso imeneyi. Kuyesaku kungathandizenso kuzindikira matenda ena. Mwachitsanzo:

• Matenda a impso
• Matenda a mtima monga kulephera kwa mtima
• Matenda a chiwindi
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi

Ma chloride amatha kusintha m'mikhalidwe ngati iyi, ndichifukwa chake izi zimawunikidwa.

Kodi mayeso a chloride amachitidwa liti?

Sizachilendo kuti dokotala ayitanitsa mayeso ena kuti aone kuchuluka kwa chloride m'magazi mwanu. Nthawi zambiri, mayeso a chloride awa ndi gawo la phukusi lalikulu loyesera lomwe limayang'ana zinthu zina zingapo m'magazi mwanu nthawi imodzi. Mwina munamvapo izi:

• Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP): Izi zimayang'ana shuga m'magazi mwanu, calcium, mapuloteni, ntchito ya chiwindi, ndi ntchito ya impso, pakati pa zinthu zina. Chloride ndi imodzi mwa izi.
• Chigawo Choyambira cha Kagayidwe ka Thupi (BMP): Ichi ndi choyesa chaching'ono pang'ono kuposa CMP. Chimayang'ana zinthu monga shuga, calcium, ma electrolyte (kuphatikizapo chloride), ndi ntchito ya impso.
• Electrolyte Panel: Izi zimayang'ana makamaka kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte monga chloride, sodium, potaziyamu, ndi bicarbonate.
• Renal Function Panel (RFP): Izi zimayang'ana kwambiri momwe impso zimagwirira ntchito. Zimayang'ananso kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte.

Kotero, mukuona, mayeso a chloride ndi gawo limodzi chabe la mayeso angapo omwe nthawi zambiri amachitidwa kuti adziwe thanzi lanu lonse.

N’chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika kuchita mayeso a chloride awa?

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe dokotala angakupempheni kuti muyesere chloride iyi.

1. Monga gawo la kafukufuku wa thanzi: Mwina mumayesedwa chaka chilichonse. Kenako dokotala angakupatseni mayeso ngati awa (monga CMP, BMP yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa) kuti aone ngati chilichonse m'thupi lanu chikugwira ntchito bwino.

2. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zilizonse: Dokotala wanu angakupatseni mayeso ngati akukayikira kuti pali vuto, makamaka ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thupi lanu kapena kuchuluka kwa acid-base. Kodi zizindikirozi ndi ziti?

• Ngati mumasanza pafupipafupi: Ngati mumasanza kangapo patsiku, mutha kutaya madzi ndi ma electrolyte ambiri m'thupi lanu.
• Ngati muli ndi kutsegula m'mimba: Ngati kutsegula m'mimba kuli koopsa, koma ndi chimodzimodzi.
• Kutopa: Kumva kutopa nthawi zonse popanda chifukwa.
• Ngati mukumva kufooka: Ngati mukumva ngati minofu yanu ndi yofooka ndipo ndinu wofooka kwambiri moti simungathe kuchita chilichonse.
• Ngati mukumva ngati simukupeza madzi okwanira, ndiye kuti mwataya madzi m'thupi: pakamwa panu pauma, mukukodza pang'ono, ndipo khungu lanu lauma.
• Kuvuta kupuma: Ngati mwadzidzidzi mukuvutika kupuma.

Kumbukirani, dokotala akulamula mayesowa chifukwa amasamala za thanzi lanu, choncho musachite mantha ndi izi.

Kodi tingaphunzire chiyani kwenikweni kuchokera ku mayesowa?

Dokotala adzagwiritsa ntchito zotsatira za mayeso a chloride pamodzi ndi mayeso ena a electrolyte kuti adziwe ngati pali kusalinganika pakati pa acid-base balance m'thupi lanu kapena madzi m'thupi lanu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti thupi lanu ndi lopanda acid, losavuta, kapena lopanda madzi okwanira.

Kodi ndikufunika kuchita chilichonse chapadera ndisanayambe mayeso?

Nthawi zambiri, ngati muli ndi mayeso a chloride amodzi okha kapena electrolyte panel imodzi yokha, mumakhala ndiPalibe chifukwa chokonzekera mwapadera.

Komabe, monga ndanenera kale, mayeso a chloride awa nthawi zambiri amachitidwa ngati gawo la ``Basic Metabolic Panel - BMP'' kapena ``Comprehensive Metabolic Panel - CMP''. Pazochitika zotere, ngati mukuyesanso magazi anu kuti muwone zinthu zina (monga kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi), mungapemphedwe kuti musale kudya kwa maola angapo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufuna kupereka magazi m'mawa, dokotala wanu angakuuzeni kuti musadye kapena kumwa chilichonse pambuyo pa 8 koloko usiku watha. Komabe, dokotala wanu adzakuuzani momveka bwino ngati muyenera kutsatira malangizo apadera. Choncho musadandaule nazo. Ingochitani zomwe dokotala wanu akunena.

Kodi muyenera kuyembekezera chiyani mukatenga magazi?

Anthu ena angakhale ndi nkhawa pang'ono popereka magazi. Koma ndi njira yosavuta komanso yachangu. Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika:

1. Kawirikawiri, namwino kapena katswiri wa matenda a phlebotomist amene waphunzitsidwa bwino kutenga magazi adzakutulutsani magazi.

2. Choyamba, adzasankha mtsempha wosavuta kutulutsa magazi pa mkono wanu (nthawi zambiri mkati mwa chigongono chanu).

3. Kenako yeretsani malowo bwino ndikupukuta ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

4. Tsopano singano yaying'ono idzalowetsedwa mu mtsempha. Pa nthawiyi, mudzamva kunjenjemera pang'ono kapena kumva kunjenjemera. Pumirani mpweya wambiri ndikupumula.

5. Mukayika singano, magazi anu ochepa adzasonkhanitsidwa mu chubu choyesera.

6. Akatenga magazi okwanira kuti ayezedwe, adzachotsa singanoyo ndikuyika chidutswa cha thonje kapena gauze pamalopo ndikuchisunga pamenepo kwa kanthawi. Kutuluka magazi kudzasiya.

7. Kenako ikani bandeji yaying'ono pamalopo. Ndi zimenezo! Ntchito yanu yatha.

Izi zitha kuchitika mwachangu komanso mosavuta kuposa momwe mukuganizira.

Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani munthu akapereka magazi?

Pambuyo poti magazi anu atengedwa, amatumizidwa ku labu kuti akayesedwe. Labu idzayesa kuchuluka kwa chloride m'magazi anu (ndi zina, monga CMP, ngati zilipo).

Zotsatira za mayeso zikangopezeka, dokotala wanu adzakuuzani tsatanetsatane. Dokotalayo angakuyimbireni foni kuti akuuzeni, kapena angakupempheni kuti mubwererenso kudzakuwonetsani lipotilo ndikufotokozerani.

Ndi tsatanetsatane wanji womwe uli mu lipotilo?

Lipoti la mayeso a chloride (ndi mayeso ambiri a magazi) nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi chidziwitso chonga ichi:

• Dzina la mayeso: Ndiko kuti, zomwe zinayesedwa m'magazi anu (monga Serum Chloride).
• Zotsatira zanu: Ndiko kuti, kuchuluka kwa chloride m'magazi anu kumawonetsedwa ngati nambala.
• Kuchuluka kwabwinobwino: Izi zikutanthauza kuchuluka kwa zinthu zabwinobwino zomwe ziyenera kupezeka pa mayeso amenewo mwa munthu wathanzi.
• Kaya zotsatira zanu ndi zachilendo kapena zachilendo (zokwera kapena zochepa): Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wowona mosavuta ngati mtengo wanu uli mkati kapena kunja kwa muyezo wabwinobwino.

Koma, musamangoyang'ana manambala omwe ali mu lipotilo ndikuyamba kuganiza mwachangu, koma funsani dokotala kuti akufotokozereni ndikufotokozera momwe zimakhudzira thanzi lanu.

Kodi mulingo wabwinobwino wa chloride ndi wotani?

Mlingo wovomerezeka wa kuchuluka kwa chloride m'magazi a munthu wamkulu ndi pakati pa 96 ndi 106 milliequivalents pa lita (mEq/L), kapena pakati pa 96 ndi 106 millimoles pa lita (mmol/L). Izi ndi mayunitsi oyezera, kaya mEq/L kapena mmol/L.

Koma apa pali chinthu chofunikira kudziwa. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumatha kusiyana pang'ono kuchokera ku labu kupita ku labu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ngati kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa m'labu imodzi ndi 96-106 mEq/L, labu ina ikhoza kukhala ndi kusiyana pang'ono, monga 98-107 mEq/L. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusiyana pang'ono kwa zida ndi njira zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito.

Kotero, mukalandira lipoti lanu, mndandanda wa zizindikiro za labu imeneyo udzalembedwa pa lipotilo. Muyenera kuyerekeza mtengo wanu ndi mndandanda umenewo. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena kukayikira kulikonse, onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa dokotala wanu.

Ngati lipotilo likunena kuti chloride ndi yotsika, kodi chifukwa chake chingakhale chiyani?

Ngati lipoti lanu likunena kuti mulingo wa chloride uli pansi pa mulingo wabwinobwino (chloride yotsika / hypochloremia), zitha kukhala chifukwa cha matenda angapo. Nazi zitsanzo zingapo:

• Kulephera kwa mtima: Pamene mtima sukugwira ntchito bwino, kusalinganika kwa ma electrolyte kungachitike chifukwa cha zinthu monga kusunga madzi m'thupi.
• Matenda a m'mapapo, monga emphysema: Matenda ena a m'mapapo amatha kusintha acid-base balance m'thupi kudzera mu kupuma, zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa chloride.
• Matenda a Addison: Ili ndi vuto la mahomoni okhudzana ndi ma adrenal glands. Izi zimayambitsanso kusintha kwa ma electrolyte.
• Kagayidwe kachakudya m'thupi: Ichi ndi vuto lomwe bicarbonate (alkalinity) ya thupi imawonjezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti alkalinity yamagazi iwonjezeke. Izi zitha kutsagana ndi kuchepa kwa chloride.

Komabe, pali chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kukumbukira apa. Kuchepa kwa chloride sikutanthauza kuti muli ndi matenda oopsa. Nthawi zina, kuchuluka kwa chloride kumathanso kukhala kochepa chifukwa cha zifukwa zakanthawi monga mankhwala omwe timamwa (monga mankhwala ena ochepetsa mphamvu ya okodzetsa), kusanza kwambiri, kapena thukuta. Choncho musachite mantha ndipo lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu.

Ngati lipotilo likunena kuti pali chloride yochuluka, kodi chingakhale chifukwa chake n’chiyani?

Mofananamo, ngati lipoti lanu likunena kuti kuchuluka kwa chloride m'magazi anu kuli pamwamba pa mulingo woyenera (chloride yambiri / hyperchloremia), pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa izi:

• Kusowa madzi m'thupi: Madzi akachepa kwambiri m'thupi, kuchuluka kwa chloride m'magazi kumatha kuwonjezeka.
• Matenda a impso: Impso zikalephera kusefa ndikuchotsa chloride bwino, imatha kudziunjikira m'magazi.
• Matenda a Cushing: Ichinso ndi vuto lokhudzana ndi mahomoni (kuwonjezeka kwa hormone ya cortisol).
• Kagayidwe ka asidi m'thupi: Ichi ndi vuto lomwe thupi limakhala ndi asidi wambiri. Izi zingayambitsenso kuchuluka kwa chloride m'thupi.
• Kupuma movutikira: Zinthu monga kupuma mofulumira zingayambitse kutulutsidwa kwa carbon dioxide wochuluka m'magazi, ndipo kuchuluka kwa chloride kumatha kusintha kuti kulamulire.

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kuchuluka kwa chloride sikutanthauza kuti munthu ali ndi vuto lalikulu la matenda. Kuchuluka kwa chloride kumathanso kukwera kwakanthawi chifukwa cha zinthu monga kudya chakudya chamchere kwambiri, kumwa mankhwala enaake, kapena kumwa mchere wambiri.

Kodi ndiyenera kuda nkhawa ndi kuchuluka kwa chloride komwe kulibe kapena kuchuluka kwake?

Ili ndi funso lomwe anthu ambiri amakhala nalo. Ndizachilendo kuopa, "O, lipoti langa likuti chloride yanga ndi yotsika/yokwera, kodi ndili ndi vuto lalikulu?"

Koma kumbukirani kuti chifukwa chakuti zotsatira za mayeso anu a chloride zili pamwamba pang'ono pamlingo woyenera, sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi matenda oopsa.

Pali zinthu zina zambiri zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa chloride. Mwachitsanzo:

• Ngati mumwa madzi ambiri: Angachepetse magazi anu pang'ono ndikupangitsa kuti azioneka ngati alibe chlorine yambiri.
• Ngati madzi ambiri atayika m'thupi chifukwa cha kusanza kapena kutsegula m'mimba: Izi zingayambitse kuchepa kwa chloride, ndipo nthawi zina zimawoneka zapamwamba chifukwa cha kusowa madzi m'thupi.
• Mankhwala ena: Mankhwala ena, makamaka mankhwala oletsa asidi a kutentha pamtima, okodzetsa, ndi ma steroid, amatha kukhudza kuchuluka kwa chloride.
• Cholakwika chaching'ono chomwe chingachitike potenga magazi: Nthawi zina, ngakhale kusintha pang'ono kwa njira yotengera magazi kungayambitse zotsatira zochepa (koma izi zimachitika kawirikawiri).

Choncho, dokotala wanu adzayang'ana zotsatira za chloride yanu osati kungotenga ngati nambala, koma adzaziyerekeza ndi zotsatira zina za mayeso anu, zizindikiro zanu, mankhwala omwe mumamwa, ndi mbiri yanu yonse yaumoyo kuti akwaniritse zomwe mukufuna.

Dokotala anganene kuti, "O, palibe vuto lalikulu, tiyeni tionenso patatha masiku angapo." Kapena anganene kuti, "Tiyeni tichite mayeso ena kuti tidziwe chomwe chikuyambitsa izi." Choncho, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mafunso, mantha, kapena nkhawa zomwe muli nazo. Ndi ufulu wanu.

Kodi zitenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti lipotilo lifike?

Nthawi zambiri, mudzalandira zotsatira za mayeso anu a chloride mkati mwa masiku awiri ogwira ntchito mutapereka magazi. Ma lab ena amapereka zotsatira mwachangu, pomwe ena amatenga nthawi yayitali. Izi zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi lab iliyonse.

Pomaliza, ndi zachilendo kumva mantha pang'ono komanso mantha zotsatira za mayeso zikabwera zachilendo. Komabe, kumbukirani kuti chifukwa chakuti kuchuluka kwa chloride m'thupi lanu kuli kochepa kapena kokwera sizitanthauza kuti nthawi zonse muli ndi matenda oopsa ndipo muyenera kulandira chithandizo nthawi yomweyo. Zinthu zina zambiri zingakhudze izi. Dokotala wanu ndiye munthu wabwino kwambiri wokufotokozerani izi ndikukuuzani choti muchite kenako, ngati pakufunika kutero. Chifukwa chake, musachite mantha kapena kuzengereza kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso. Alipo kuti akuthandizeni.

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe tiyenera kukumbukira kuchokera munkhaniyi ndi izi:

Chabwino, tiyeni tikambirane mfundo zofunika kwambiri zomwe takambirana zokhudza mayeso a chloride:

• Chloride ndi electrolyte yofunika kwambiri pa ntchito yamadzimadzi, acid-base, ndi neuromuscular m'matupi athu.
• Kuyezetsa kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumachitika ngati gawo la mayeso ena a magazi omwe amayesa thanzi lanu lonse.
• Kuchuluka kwa chloride m'thupi sikutanthauza matenda aakulu nthawi zonse. Zinthu zina zambiri (monga zakudya, mankhwala, kusowa madzi m'thupi) zingakhudze izi.
• Dokotala wanu adzawunika zotsatira za lipoti lanu la mayeso molondola poziganizira mogwirizana ndi thanzi lanu lonse.
• Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena kukayikira zilizonse zokhudza zotsatira za mayeso, onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa dokotala wanu kuti akuthandizeni kumvetsa bwino.

Kotero, ndikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi yayankha mafunso anu ambiri okhudza mayeso a chloride. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

` Chloride, mayeso a magazi, ma electrolyte, thanzi, kuzindikira, serum chloride, mayeso a magazi