Tiyeni tingophunzira za posterior pituitary gland.

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti ndi ziwalo zingati zazing'ono za thupi lathu zomwe zimagwira ntchito yochuluka chonchi? Lero tikambirana za gland kakang'ono kwambiri komwe kamachita zinthu zodabwitsa kwambiri. Kameneka kamatchedwa gland ya pituitary. Makamaka, tiyang'ana kwambiri kumbuyo kwa gland imeneyo, ``Posterior Pituitary``.

Kodi pituitary gland iyi ndi chiyani? Kodi ndi chiyani chapadera pa kumbuyo?

Mwachidule, pituitary gland ndi kachiwalo kakang'ono kofanana ndi nandolo, komwe kali pansi pa ubongo wathu, pansi pa hypothalamus. Ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la dongosolo lathu la endocrine. Tangoganizirani, ngakhale kuti ndi kakang'ono, kamalamulira mahomoni ambiri ofunikira kwambiri m'thupi lathu.

Pali magawo awiri akuluakulu a pituitary gland iyi:

1. Lobe Yakutsogolo

2. Posterior Lobe - Ichi ndi chomwe tikulankhula lero, ``Posterior Pituitary``.

Chiwalo cha pituitary chimapanga ndikutulutsa mahomoni angapo. Komabe, chiwalo cha pituitary chakumbuyo ndi chapadera. Chimasunga ndikutulutsa mahomoni awiri okha omwe amapangidwa ndi chiwalo cha pituitary pakafunika kutero. Mahomoni awiriwa ndi awa:

• Oxytocin
• Hormone Yoletsa Kutuluka kwa Madzi (ADH), yotchedwanso Vasopressin.

Tsopano mwina mukuganiza kuti, "Ndiye hypothalamus iyi ndi chiyani?" Hypothalamus ndi gawo la ubongo wathu. Imalamulira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo kuthamanga kwa magazi, kugunda kwa mtima, kutentha kwa thupi, ndi kugaya chakudya. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, pituitary gland imalumikizidwa ndi hypothalamus ndi phesi laling'ono. Imeneyi imatchedwa phesi la pituitary. Ndi kudzera mu phesi ili pomwe hypothalamus imauza pituitary gland kuti, "Chabwino, tulutsani mahomoni amenewo tsopano."

Kodi dongosolo la Endocrine ndi chiyani? Chonde fotokozani pang'ono.

Funso labwino! Dongosolo la endocrine ndi gulu la tiziwalo tomwe timapanga mankhwala otchedwa mahomoni ndikuwatulutsa mwachindunji m'magazi.

Mahomoni ali ngati amithenga omwe amanyamula mauthenga m'thupi lathu. Amayenda m'magazi ndikuuza ziwalo zathu, khungu, minofu, ndi minofu ina zomwe tiyenera kuchita komanso nthawi yoti tichite.

Ziwalo zazikulu ndi ziwalo zomwe zimapanga dongosolo lathu la endocrine ndi izi:

• Hypothalamus
• Pituitary Gland
• Chithokomiro cha chithokomiro `(Chithokomiro)`
• Matenda a parathyroid
• Matenda a adrenal
• Chigoba cha paini
• Pancreas
• Mazira (mwa akazi)
• Machende (machende) (amuna)

Kodi ndi mahomoni ati omwe amatulutsidwa ndi posterior pituitary gland? Kodi amachita chiyani?

Monga tanenera kale, posterior pituitary gland imasunga ndikutulutsa mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya mahomoni. Mahomoni amenewa amapangidwa ndi hypothalamus. Koma amasungidwa ndikutulutsidwa akafunika ndi posterior pituitary gland.

1. Homoni Yoletsa Kutuluka kwa Madzi (ADH) kapena Vasopressin:

• Homoni iyi ndi yofunika kwambiri. Ndi homoni iyi yomwe imathandiza thupi kuyamwa madzi ofunikira impso zathu zikamasefa magazi. Mwachidule, ADH imathandiza kulamulira bwino madzi m'thupi lathu.

2. Oxytocin:

• Kwa akazi, zimathandiza pa nthawi yobereka popangitsa kuti chiberekero chizigwira ntchito panthawi yobereka. Zimathandizanso kuti mabere azitulutsa mkaka. Oxytocin imakhudzanso ubale pakati pa mayi ndi mwana.
• Mwa amuna, homoni iyi ingakhudzenso ubale pakati pa makolo ndi ana. Sikuti kokha, komanso oxytocin imathandizanso kukankhira umuna ndi madzi a m'mimba patsogolo panthawi yotulutsa umuna.

Kotero kodi ntchito yaikulu ya posterior pituitary ndi yotani?

Chofunika kwambiri ndi kusunga oxytocin ndi antidiuretic hormone (ADH) ndikuzitulutsa chizindikiro chikachokera ku hypothalamus. Hypothalamus imatumiza zizindikirozi kudzera mu zizindikiro za mitsempha zomwe zimabwera kudzera mu pituitary phesi zomwe tidakambirana kale.

Kodi Posterior Pituitary imalumikizana bwanji ndi ziwalo zina?

Nkhani iyi ndi yosangalatsa kwambiri. Chigoba cha pituitary chakumbuyo chimalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi hypothalamus. Chifukwa hypothalamus imapanga oxytocin ndi ADH ndipo imawauza nthawi yoti azitulutse.

Kuphatikiza apo:

• Oxytocin imagwira ntchito ndi chiberekero, mabere, ndi mitsempha yamagazi mwa amuna.
• ADH (hormone yoletsa diuretic) imagwira ntchito makamaka ndi impso zathu.

Kodi pituitary ya posterior ili kuti? Kodi ndi yaikulu bwanji?

Chiwalo cha pituitary chili pansi pa ubongo wathu, kumbuyo kwa mlatho wa mphuno yathu, pansi pa hypothalamus. Chimapezeka pang'ono m'fupa la sphenoid. Izi zimatchedwa Sella Turcica.

Chiwalo chonse cha pituitary chili ndi kukula kwa nandolo, pafupifupi 1/3 ya inchi. Chiwalo cha pituitary chakumbuyo ndi gawo la chiwalo chomwe chikuyang'ana kumbuyo. Ndi chaching'ono kuposa chiwalo cha pituitary chakutsogolo. Chiwalo cha pituitary chakutsogolo chimapanga pafupifupi 80% ya kulemera kwa chiwalo chonse cha pituitary.

Kodi matenda ndi matenda otani omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi Posterior Pituitary ndi otani?

Mavuto akuluakulu omwe angachitike ndi posterior pituitary ndi hypersecretion kapena hyposecretion ya oxytocin kapena antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

Matenda ambiri amenewa ndi osowa. Komanso, zotupa zimatha kukhudza chiwalo cha pituitary chakumbuyo, koma zimakhalanso zosowa. Zotupa za pituitary nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mu chiwalo cha pituitary chakutsogolo.

Kuchepa kwa hormone yoletsa diuretic (ADH) m'magazi

Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kupanga kwa ADH mu hypothalamus kapena kuchepa kwa kutulutsidwa kwa ADH kuchokera ku pituitary gland. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa hypothalamus kapena posterior pituitary. Nthawi zina zimathanso kuchitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini. Nthawi zina, chomwe chimayambitsa sichidziwika.

Pamene kuchuluka kwa ADH kuli kotsika kuposa kwachibadwa, impso sizingathe kuyamwanso madzi ambiri momwe zimafunira. Izi zimapangitsa kuti madzi ambiri atuluke mu mkodzo (mkodzo umakhala wochepa), kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi m'magazi ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwake.

Kusowa kwa ADH kungayambitse vuto la kagayidwe ka madzi lotchedwa ``Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI''. Izi siziyenera kusokonezedwa ndi ``Diabetes Mellitus'', chifukwa ziwirizi ndi zosiyana kwambiri. CDI ikhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu ngati sichinachiritsidwe bwino.

Zizindikiro za CDI ndi izi:

• Kukodza pafupipafupi `(Poluuria)`
• Ludzu lochuluka (Polydipsia)
• Kutopa (kudzuka kangapo usiku kuti ukodze)
• Kusowa madzi m'thupi

Kutulutsa kwambiri kwa mahomoni oletsa diuretic (ADH)

Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ADH mu hypothalamus kapena kuwonjezeka kwa ADH yotulutsidwa kuchokera ku posterior pituitary. Matendawa amatchedwa `(Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone secretion - SIADH)`. Pamene kuchuluka kwa ADH kukuchulukirachulukira, thupi limasunga madzi ambiri. Kenako mkodzo umakhala wokhuthala kwambiri, ndipo magazi amakhala ndi madzi ambiri komanso ofooka.

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti milingo ya SIADH ndi ADH ikhale yokwera. Zina mwa zifukwa zodziwika bwino ndi izi:

• Mankhwala ena (monga mankhwala ena a matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2, mankhwala a khunyu)
• Maopaleshoni ochitidwa pansi pa mankhwala oletsa ululu
• Matenda a ubongo (kuvulala, matenda, sitiroko)
• Opaleshoni ya ubongo yokhudza hypothalamus

Zizindikiro za kuchuluka kwa ADH nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa sodium m'magazi. Zizindikiro za sodium m'magazi ndi izi:

• Kusanza ndi kusanza
• Mutu (kupweteka mutu)
• Kutaya bwino (mwina kugwa)
• Kusintha kwa maganizo (kusokonezeka, kuiwala zinthu)

Kuchepa kwa Oxytocin

Izi ndi zochitika zosachitika kawirikawiri.Pamene kuchuluka kwa oxytocin kumatsika pansi pa msinkhu wabwinobwino, chiberekero chimasiya kugwira ntchito komanso mkaka umachepa panthawi yobereka. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri sichimachitika kawirikawiri, chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi vuto lotchedwa "Panhypopituitarism." Apa ndi pamene kuchuluka kwa mahomoni onse mu pituitary gland kumakhala kochepa kuposa kwachibadwa.

Kutulutsa kwa Oxytocin Kwambiri

Izinso sizichitika kawirikawiri. Izi zimatchedwa poizoni wa oxytocin. Pamene kuchuluka kwa oxytocin kuli kokwera kuposa kwachibadwa, chiberekero chimayamba kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso. Minofu ya chiberekero imawonjezeka (hypertrophy), ndipo palibe malo okwanira a mwana wosabadwayo m'chiberekero, zomwe zingachepetse mimba.

Kodi pali mayeso aliwonse omwe angayang'ane thanzi la posterior pituitary gland yanga?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi mavuto a posterior pituitary gland, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mayeso a ADH ndi/kapena oxytocin.

• Kuyezetsa magazi a ADH kungathandize kuzindikira kusowa kwa ADH kapena kuchuluka kwake ndikupeza chomwe chikuyambitsa.
• Kuchuluka kwa oxytocin m'thupi lanu kungayesedwe m'madzi osiyanasiyana monga malovu, magazi, plasma, mkodzo, ndi madzi a m'mitsempha.

Ngati zotsatira za mayeso sizili bwino, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muyesedwe kujambula zithunzi, monga MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), kuti muwone pituitary gland yanu.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za `(Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI)` kapena `(Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone secretion - SIADH)`, onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala wanu.

Kumbukirani, mavuto ambiri azaumoyo okhudzana ndi matenda a posterior pituitary ndi osowa. Koma ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zatsopano kapena zodetsa nkhawa, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala. Akhoza kuchita mayeso ochepa osavuta kuti aone thanzi lanu.

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe tiyenera kukumbukira kuchokera pa zomwe takambirana (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, ndikukhulupirira kuti tsopano mwamvetsa bwino gawo laling'ono koma lofunika kwambiri lotchedwa ``Posterior Pituitary'' lomwe tidakambirana lero. Mwachidule:

• Chigoba cha pituitary chakumbuyo ndi gawo lakumbuyo la pituitary gland muubongo wathu.
• Kawirikawiri imasunga ndi kutulutsa mahomoni awiri otchedwa oxytocin ndi antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Mahomoni amenewa amapangidwa ndi hypothalamus.
• ADH imathandiza kulamulira bwino madzi m'thupi lathu .
• Oxytocin ndi yofunika kwambiri pobereka, kuyamwitsa, komanso kugwirizana kwa anthu .
• Kusinthasintha kwa mahomoni amenewa kungayambitse mavuto azaumoyo (ngakhale kuti ndi osowa) monga ``Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI'' ndi ``SIADH''.
• Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zachilendo, ndi bwino kufunafuna upangiri kwa dokotala.

Matupi athu ndi odabwitsadi, sichoncho? N'zodabwitsa kuganiza kuti ntchito ingachitike ndi gawo laling'ono chonchi!

" Chithokomiro cha pituitary, posterior pituitary, mahomoni, oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone, ADH, endocrine system"