Kodi GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) ndi chiyani chomwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito poyesa chikumbumtima cha munthu amene ali pafupi nanu?

Mwina munamvapo, kapena munamvapo dokotala akulankhula za zilembo zitatu izi "GCS" kuchipatala. Mwina munthu wapafupi nanu akachita ngozi, kapena mwadzidzidzi atataya chikumbumtima, madokotala amalankhula za mtengo uwu wa GCS. Ndiye, kodi GCS iyi ndi chiyani, chifukwa chiyani ndi yofunika kwambiri, ndipo imayesa chiyani kwenikweni, tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane komanso mosavuta lero. Cholinga changa ndikukupatsani kumvetsetsa bwino izi.

Mwachidule, kodi GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) ndi chiyani?

GCS, kunena zoona, ndi njira yoyezera kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso cha munthu. Ili ngati njira yopezera zigoli. Imapeza zigoli monga momwe mulili tcheru, momwe mumadziwira zomwe zikukuzungulirani, komanso momwe mumayankhira bwino malangizo osavuta.

Dongosololi linayambitsidwa koyamba mu 1974 ndi gulu la akatswiri ku University of Glasgow ku Scotland. Ngakhale kuti dzinalo limatanthauza "coma", GCS tsopano ikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zambiri mu zamankhwala. Ndi sikelo yayikulu komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyesa momwe munthu alili ndi chikumbumtima chochepa, kuphatikizapo coma.

Kodi "chidziwitso" m'mawu azachipatala ndi chiyani?

Tikamalankhula za "chidziwitso" mu zamankhwala, pali zofunikira zitatu zazikulu. Kuti munthu anenedwe kuti ndi wozindikira, zinthu izi ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa:

• Galamukani: Izi zikutanthauza ngati wina angakudzutseni mukamalankhula kapena kukhudza thupi lanu. Uku ndiko kusiyana pakati pa kungogona ndi kukhala mu chikomokere.
• Kukhala Chenjero: Izi zikutanthauza momwe mumayankhira wina akakulankhulani, komwe muli, komanso ngati mungamvetse zomwe zikuchitika mozungulira inu.
• Muyenera kudziwa (Kuyang'ana): Izi zikutanthauza kuti mukudziwa tsatanetsatane wokhudzana ndi momwe zinthu zilili panopa, monga kuti ndinu ndani, muli kuti, komanso tsiku lomwe zinthu zilili.

Ngati zinthu zonse zitatuzi zili bwino, timati winawake "ali ndi nzeru zabwino."

Kodi GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) imagwiritsidwa ntchito liti?

Madokotala angagwiritse ntchito GCS ngati gawo la mayeso a mitsempha . Ndi yothandizanso pazochitika zilizonse zomwe munthu angataye chikumbumtima. Mwachitsanzo, pazochitika zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kuvulala mutu, monga kugwedezeka kwa mutu ndi kuvulala kwa ubongo koopsa (TBI) .

Si zokhazo, komanso sikelo ya GCS imathandizanso pakakhala kutayika kwa chidziwitso chifukwa cha zifukwa zina kupatula kuvulala. Mwachitsanzo, imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakakhala shuga wochepa kwambiri m'magazi (hypoglycemia) , poizoni, kapena pambuyo pa khunyu.

Kodi GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) imayesa chiyani?

Kuyezetsa kwa mitsempha kumayang'ana mavuto aliwonse okhudzana ndi kugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo ziwiri zazikulu za dongosolo lathu la mitsempha. Mbali ziwirizi ndi izi:

• Dongosolo la mitsempha yapakati: Izi zikuphatikizapo ubongo wanu, ubongo, mitsempha ya maso yomwe imagwirizanitsa ubongo ndi retina kumbuyo kwa maso anu, ndi msana.
• Dongosolo la mitsempha ya m'mphepete mwa thupi: Izi zikutanthauza mitsempha yonse yomwe siili mbali ya dongosolo la mitsempha yapakati.

Pali madera atatu akuluakulu a GCS omwe ndi ofunikira pakuwunika kwa mitsempha. Ambiri mwa awa ndi okhudzana ndi ubongo wokha, koma ena amathanso kukhudza msana ndi mitsempha m'thupi lonse:

• Yankho la maso: Izi zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi momwe muli maso komanso tcheru.
• Kuyankha kwa kayendedwe ka thupi: Gawoli likuyang'ana momwe ubongo wanu ungalamulire bwino kayendedwe ka minofu. Lingathenso kuzindikira mavuto aliwonse okhudzana ndi kulumikizana pakati pa ubongo wanu ndi ziwalo zina za thupi lanu.
• Yankho la mawu: Izi zimayesa momwe ntchito zina za ubongo zimagwirira ntchito, monga kuganiza, kukumbukira, kusamala, ndi kuzindikira zomwe zikukuzungulira.

Kodi GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Kuti mupeze zigoli zanu za GCS, madokotala amaphatikiza zigoli kuchokera m'magawo atatu am'mbuyomu a GCS. Dokotala adzayesa gawo lililonse m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, adzayang'ana yankho lanu la pakamwa ndikukufunsani mafunso angapo. Kodi lero ndi tsiku liti la sabata, nthawi yanji, ndipo muli mumzinda uti pakali pano?

Chimodzi mwa ubwino wofunika kwambiri wa GCS ndichakuti imatha kuyang'anira kusintha kwa chikumbumtima chanu. Madokotala nthawi zambiri amabwereza mayeso amitsempha awa nthawi zina ndipo amalemba kusintha kwa GCS score.

Umu ndi momwe magawo awa amagawidwira:

Yankho la Maso

Izi zimayesa makamaka momwe muli maso. Ngati simukudziwa, kuchuluka kwa kusadziwa kwanu kumayesedwa poyesa momwe mumayankhira ku kupanikizika. Pano, "kupanikizika" ndi chinthu chonga kupanikizika pang'ono ndi msomali. Kuyenera kungoyambitsa kusasangalala pang'ono kwakanthawi, osati kuvulala.

Yankho la Mawu

Dokotala adzakuyesani izi pokufunsani mafunso omwe amayesa kukumbukira kwanu, luso lanu loganiza, komanso kudziwa bwino zomwe zikukuzungulirani. Angathenso kuyang'ana mavuto a ubongo kapena mitsempha yomwe imalamulira minofu ya nkhope ndi pakamwa panu.

Kuyankha kwa Magalimoto

Gawoli likhoza kuwulula mavuto aliwonse okhudzana ndi kulumikizana pakati pa mitsempha yanu, msana, ndi ubongo. Limayesanso luso la ubongo wanu lolamulira kuyenda kwa minofu komanso ngati mungamvetse ndikuchita zomwe mwalangizidwa.

Kodi GCS-P ndi chiyani?

Mu 2018, gulu la akatswiri — kuphatikizapo m'modzi mwa opanga oyamba a GCS — linatulutsa mtundu wosinthidwa wa GCS, wotchedwa "GCS-P." P ikuyimira "Pupil," dzenje lakuda lomwe lili mkati mwa diso. Iyi ndi nambala yachinayi yochotsedwa pa chigoli chokhazikika cha GCS.

Mmene diso limayankhira kuwala (Pupil reaction) n'kofunika kwambiri chifukwa limapereka chidziwitso chokhudza momwe ubongo umagwirira ntchito. Ngati diso lanu siliyankhira kuwala, zingasonyeze vuto lalikulu kapena kuvulala komwe kumakhudza ubongo.

Chiwerengero cha ophunzira omwe apatsidwa chimachokera pa 0 mpaka 2.

• 2: Ma cornea onse awiri sayankha kuwala.
• 1: Mwana m'modzi sayankha kuwala.
• 0: Ma cornea onse awiri amayankha kuwala.

Pamene chiwerengero cha mayankho a ophunzira chachotsedwa pa chiwerengero cha GCS, chiwerengero cha GCS-P chikhoza kuyambira 1 mpaka 15. Chiwerengero cha GCS-P cha 8 kapena kuchepera chimasonyeza kuti munthu ali ndi chikomokere.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati chiŵerengero cha GCS chili 3 ndipo chiŵerengero cha iris chili 2, chiŵerengero cha GCS-P chili 1. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pali chikomokere chakuya kwambiri ndipo maso onse awiri salabadira kuwala.

Kodi pali ululu panthawi yoyezetsa GCS?

Mafotokozedwe akale a GCS adagwiritsa ntchito mawu oti "ululu" pofotokoza momwe munthu amamvera poyesa mphamvu zinazake. Komabe, malangizo atsopano asintha mawuwo kukhala "kupanikizika." Kusintha kwa mawu kumeneku ndikolondola kwambiri, chifukwa palibe kuvulala komwe kumakhudzidwa. N'zomveka bwino chifukwa dokotala sakuyesera kupangitsa munthu kupweteka kapena kuvulaza wokondedwa wake.

Malangizo oyambirira a GCS sanatchule momveka bwino komwe angagwiritsire ntchito mphamvu poyesa mphamvu. Mu 1975, chaka chimodzi kuchokera pamene GCS inasindikizidwa koyamba, akatswiri omwe adapanga adasindikiza malangizo enaake. Nazi zina mwa malo omwe dokotala angagwiritse ntchito mphamvu:

• Mabedi a misomali: Misomali yomwe ili m'manja ndi m'mapazi mwanu imamva kupanikizika. Madokotala nthawi zambiri amakanikiza chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi kuti aone ngati thupi limayankha modzidzimutsa kupsinjikako.
• Minofu ya Trapezius: Minofu iyi imalumikiza mapewa anu, khosi lapakati, ndi msana. Ndi minofu yosavuta kuifikira kuti muchepetse kupanikizika.
• Chigoba cha Supraorbital: Ichi ndi kachidutswa kakang'ono m'chigaza chanu, pamwamba pa maso anu ndi pansi pa nsidze zanu.

Kodi zotsatira zake ndi ziti, ndipo zikutiuza chiyani?

Chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri pa GCS ndi 15, ndipo chiwerengero chotsika kwambiri ndi 3.Kupeza zigoli 15 kumatanthauza kuti mwadzuka bwino, mukuyankha bwino, ndipo mulibe vuto ndi kuganiza kwanu kapena kukumbukira kwanu. Kawirikawiri, zigoli 8 kapena kucheperapo zimatanthauza kuti muli pachikomokere. Zigoli zikachepa, chikomokere chimakula kwambiri.

Madokotala angalembe GCS score yanu ngati kuphatikiza zilembo/manambala. Mwachitsanzo, score ya 15 ingalembedwe ngati "E4V5M6". score ya 3 ingalembedwe ngati "E1V1M1". (E=Diso, V=Verbal, M=Motor)

Magulu a GCS a Kuvulala kwa Mutu

Madokotala akamagwiritsa ntchito GCS pochiza kuvulala mutu, amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zizindikiro pofotokoza kuopsa kwa kuvulalako. Mitundu iyi ndi iyi:

• 13 mpaka 15: Kuvulala Kochepa kwa Ubongo (mTBI). Izi zimatchedwanso concussion .
• 9 mpaka 12: TBI yapakati.
• 3 mpaka 8: Kuvulala kwambiri kwa ubongo (TBI yoopsa).

Kodi ndiyenera kudziwa chiyani za GCS score ya munthu amene ndili naye pafupi?

Kawirikawiri, achibale anu kapena okondedwa anu adzakambirana ndi dokotala wanu za GCS score yanu. Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza GCS ndi momwe madokotala amaigwiritsira ntchito:

• Zotsatira za mayeso ndi zovuta kwambiri kuposa nambala yokha. Zigoli za GCS sizikukuuzani zonse za zotsatira za mayeso. Pali zambiri zokhudza mayeso a mitsempha kuposa nambala yokha. Ngakhale kuti n'zosavuta kumvetsetsa nambalayo, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wa wokondedwa wanu kuti mumvetse bwino matenda ake.
• GCS ilinso ndi zofooka. Nthawi zina, GCS singakhale yothandiza. Mwachitsanzo, ngati munthu ali ndi chopumira , kapena ngati salankhula chilankhulo chomwecho ndi dokotala. Singakhale yothandizanso kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda kapena kuvulala komwe kumakhudza ziwalo kapena machitidwe a thupi omwe GCS imadalira (monga, vuto la kuwona kapena kumva).
• GCS si chinthu chokhacho chomwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito poneneratu za matenda. Madokotala nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito GCS poneneratu zotsatira zake, koma si chinthu chokhacho chomwe amaganizira. Funsani dokotala wa wokondedwa wanu za zigoli zawo komanso tanthauzo lake pakapita nthawi.

Kumbukirani, chigoli cha GCS ndi chida chimodzi chokha. Ngakhale chimapereka chidziwitso chofunikira, kulankhulana bwino ndi gulu lachipatala ndikofunikira kuti mumvetse bwino chithunzi chonse.

Pomaliza, zomwe muyenera kukumbukira

Chiyeso cha Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) ndi chida chodziwika bwino komanso chofunikira chomwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito poyesa kuchuluka kwa kutayika kwa chidziwitso ndi kukomoka.Ngakhale kuti papita zaka pafupifupi 50 kuchokera pamene idapangidwa koyamba, akatswiri aphunzira kwambiri za kukula kwa matendawa ndipo apeza kuti ndi chida chothandiza pozindikira matenda. (Akonzanso pakapita nthawi.) Kugwiritsa ntchito chidachi kumathandizanso madokotala kutsatira kusintha kwa ntchito ya ubongo. Izi zingathandize kutsogolera chithandizo ndikukweza chisamaliro cha anthu omwe ali ndi matenda omwe amakhudza kuzindikira.

Ngati inu kapena munthu wina wapafupi nanu akukumana ndi izi, musaope kufunsa mafunso ndikupeza chidziwitso kuchokera kwa madokotala anu. Iwo ndi okonzeka komanso okonzeka kukuthandizani.

Chikumbumtima , GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale, Kuvulala kwa Ubongo, Chikomokere, Kufufuza Mitsempha, Thanzi