Kodi Immunostaining ndi chiyani? Tiyeni tikambirane za mayeso ozindikira matenda awa mwachidule!

Kodi dokotala adakulamulani kuti muyesedwe kotchedwa "Immunostaining"? Kapena munamvapo mawuwo kwinakwake? Mwina akumveka ngati ovuta pang'ono. Koma musadandaule, lero tikambirana za mayesowa otchedwa Immunostaining, zomwe amachita, momwe amachitira, chilichonse m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse. Monga kulankhula ndi mnzanu.

Kodi immunostaining kwenikweni ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, kuyeza chitetezo chamthupi ndi njira yapadera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri athu a matenda. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira molekyulu inayake ya mapuloteni pakati pa mapuloteni ambiri omwe atengedwa m'thupi lanu, monga magazi, mafuta am'mafupa, kapena minofu. Taganizirani ngati kupeza munthu wina m'gulu la anthu. Njirayi ndi yothandiza kwambiri pozindikira matenda osiyanasiyana, makamaka matenda ndi khansa.

Kodi mayesowa amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe chitetezo cha mthupichi chimagwirira ntchito. Chimagwiritsa ntchito chinthu chotchedwa ma antibodies . Ma antibodies amenewa ali ngati asilikali omwe ali mu chitetezo cha mthupi lathu. Amazindikira ndikugwirizanitsa ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, zotchedwa ma antigen . Chifukwa chake, mu mayeso awa, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito antibody yomwe ili yeniyeni ya puloteniyo (yotchedwa antigen) yomwe akufunafuna.

Kenako pamabwera gawo la "kudzola". Zili ngati kugogomezera chiganizo chofunikira m'buku. Koma sizophweka monga kupaka utoto pa T-sheti. Njira za "kudzola utoto" izi zimagwiritsa ntchito utoto wapadera, ma enzyme osintha mtundu, mamolekyulu a fluorescent , komanso tinthu tagolide. Izi zimalemba mapuloteni ndi maselo omwe akufunafuna, kuti ofufuza athe kuwaona bwino pansi pa maikulosikopu.

Dokotala asanachite mayeso oteteza chitetezo cha mthupi, adzatenga chitsanzo cha magazi anu, mafuta a m'mafupa, kapena minofu yanu. Kenako chidzatumizidwa kwa katswiri wa matenda kuti akayesedwe. Kumbukirani, kaya chitsanzocho chatengedwa kuchipatala kapena ku ofesi ya dokotala, mayeso oteteza chitetezo cha mthupi nthawi zonse amachitikira mu labotale, kapena chomwe timachitcha labu.

Kodi mitundu ya immunostaining ndi iti?

Pali njira zingapo zoyezera chitetezo chamthupi zomwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito. Njira iliyonse ili ndi njira yake yoyesera, kapena njira, yogwirizana nayo. Nazi zina mwa njira zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Kuchiza kwa thupi ndi histochemistry
• Kuzungulira kwa madzi
• Kujambula kwa immuno-electron microscopy (EM immunolabeling)

Kodi tiyang'ane chilichonse mwa izi mwatsatanetsatane?

Immunohistochemistry - njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri

Iyi ndiyo njira yodziwika kwambiri yoyezera ma immunostaining . Mu immunohistochemistry, chidutswa chaching'ono cha chitsanzocho chimayikidwa pa galasi, ndipo antibody yomwe imalumikizana ndi cholingacho imawonjezeredwa. Kenako imapakidwa utoto wapadera kapena ma enzyme. Izi zimatchedwa immunostain. Izi zimathandiza katswiri wa matenda kuwona mapuloteni ndi maselo ena momveka bwino pansi pa maikulosikopu.

Onani ubwino wa immunohistochemistry:

• Zimathandiza kuzindikira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khansa.
• Zimathandiza kugawa matenda ambiri amitsempha ndi matenda a magazi m'magulu.
• Izi zimathandizanso madokotala kuphunzira zotsatira, kapena momwe majini ena amagwirira ntchito .

Kuzungulira kwa madzi - ngati makina omwe amawerengera ndikulekanitsa maselo

Mu njira yotchedwa flow cytometry, katswiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma antibodies okhala ndi zilembo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana kuti alembe mapuloteni omwe akufuna. Kenako, kuwala kwapadera kwa laser kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwerengera, kusanja, ndikulekanitsa maselo anu limodzi ndi limodzi. Zili ngati kufufuza zakudya ku supermarket.

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira yoyezera magazi kuti adziwe matenda monga:

• Matenda opatsirana
• Matenda a autoimmune
• Khansa ya m'magazi
• Lymphoma

Kujambula kwa immuno-electron microscopy (EM immunolabeling)

Microscopy ya immuno-electron imalola katswiri wa matenda kuwona chitsanzo chanu mokulira kwambiri komanso mwatsatanetsatane. Mu izi, akatswiri a matenda amalumikiza tinthu tating'onoting'ono tagolide totchedwa colloidal gold particles ku ma antibodies. Golide wa colloidal uyu ndi wosavuta kuwona pansi pa maikulosikopu ya electron. Chifukwa chake, pamene antibody imeneyo ipita ndikugwira antigen, tinthu tagolide timaipangitsa kuti iwonekere bwino ngati madontho akuda.

Kuwonjezera pa kuzindikira matenda osiyanasiyana a mavairasi, immuno-electron microscopy ingatheMu katemera, mumapezanso ma antigen a mavairasi.

Kodi ndiyenera kukonzekera bwanji mayesowa?

Kawirikawiri, simuyenera kukonzekera mayeso a chitetezo chamthupi. Komabe, dokotala wanu adzakupatsani malangizo musanatenge magazi anu, minofu, kapena mafuta a m'mafupa. Izi zidzakuthandizani kudziwa zomwe mungayembekezere. Ndikofunikira kumvetsera mosamala zomwe dokotala wanu akunena.

Kodi mayesowa amatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji? Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti zotsatira zake zibwerere?

Izi zimadalira kwambiri njira yotetezera chitetezo cha mthupi yomwe dokotala wanu amagwiritsa ntchito. Njira zina zimatenga maola ochepa okha , pomwe zina zimatha kutenga masiku 10. Dokotala wanu adzatha kukuuzani nthawi yomwe zingatenge kutengera momwe mulili.

Nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti zotsatira zibwererenso ndi yofanana. Njira zina zoyeretsera chitetezo cha mthupi zimatha kukupatsani zotsatira mkati mwa tsiku limodzi lokha. Zina zimatha kutenga sabata imodzi kapena kuposerapo. Mukapita kukapereka chitsanzo, dokotala wanu adzakudziwitsani nthawi yomwe mungayembekezere zotsatira.

Choncho, panthawi ngati iyi, ndi bwino kusachita mantha ndikukhala oleza mtima. Lankhulani ndi dokotala ndipo mufotokozere zonse.

Kodi zotsatira zake zikuti chiyani? Nanga chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati sizili bwino?

Katswiri wa matenda adzafufuza zotsatira za mayeso anu ndikutumiza kwa dokotala wanu. Zotsatira zomwe mungapeze zingasiyane kutengera mtundu wa mayeso omwe katswiri wa matenda adachita. Dokotala wanu adzafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane zotsatira za mayeso anu komanso tanthauzo lake pa vuto lanu.

Kumbukirani, ngati zotsatira za mayeso sizili bwino , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti katswiri wa matenda apeza zizindikiro za matenda, musachite mantha. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani zotsatira zake ndikukambirana nanu njira zomwe mungasankhire chithandizo. Nthawi zina, gulu la madokotala lingagwire ntchito limodzi kuti apange dongosolo labwino kwambiri la chithandizo.

Pomaliza, zinthu zofunika kwambiri kukumbukira

Chabwino, kuchokera pa zomwe takambiranazi, ndikukhulupirira kuti mwapeza lingaliro labwino lokhudza chitetezo chamthupi. Nazi zinthu zofunika kukumbukira:

• Kuyezetsa thupi (immunostaining) ndi mayeso a labotale omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma antibodies kuti azindikire ndikulemba ma antigen enaake mkati mwa maselo athu.
• Kuyezetsa kumeneku kungathandize kuzindikira matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya, komanso mitundu ina ya khansa.
• Ngati muyenera kuyesedwa kuti muwone ngati chitetezo cha mthupi chanu chili bwino, palibe chifukwa choopera.Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani mwatsatanetsatane.
• Mukamaliza kulandira zotsatira za mayeso, lankhulani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za tanthauzo lake pa vuto lanu komanso ngati chithandizo chikufunika kapena ayi.

Kumbukirani, sayansi ya zamankhwala ikusintha nthawi zonse. Kudzera mu mayeso ngati awa, tingathe kuzindikira matenda ambiri msanga ndikuchiza moyenera. Chifukwa chake, ngati dokotala akulangiza mayeso otere, ndikofunikira kukonzekera.

Kuteteza thupi ku matenda, Matenda, Ma antibodies, Ma antigen, Mayeso a Khansa, Mayeso a Laboratory