Dongosolo lodabwitsa lothandizira m'thupi lathu: Tiyeni tiphunzire chilichonse chokhudza mafupa!

Kodi munayamba mwaganizirapo za mafupa m'thupi lathu? Mwina mumaganizira za mafupawo mukavulala kwinakwake, kapena mukagwa muli mwana n'kuthyoka mkono kapena mwendo. Koma mafupawa ndi ofunika kwambiri komanso odabwitsa m'thupi lathu. Chifukwa chake, lero tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane za mafupawa, ntchito yawo, komanso momwe tingawasungire athanzi.

Kodi mafupa amenewa ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Mwachidule, mafupa anu ndi omwe amathandizira thupi lanu. Ali ngati chimango mkati mwa makoma mukamanga nyumba. Ngati mudawonera mapulogalamu apa TV okhudza kumanga nyumba, mwina mwawonapo zipilala ndi matabwa mkati mwa nyumba. Umu ndi momwe mafupa athu alili. Izi ndi zomwe zimapatsa matupi athu mawonekedwe, kuwasunga oyima, komanso kutithandiza kusuntha, kuthamanga, kulumpha, ndikuchita ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Amapangidwa ndi minofu yolimba kwambiri.

Mungaganize kuti mafupa ndi opanda moyo, ndi zinthu zovuta. Koma musadabwe, mafupa ndi minofu yamoyo, monga momwe matupi athu ena onse alili. Inde, ndi zoona. Malingana ngati tili ndi moyo, mafupawa amapitiriza kukula, kusintha, ndi kudzikonzanso okha. Ndipotu, nthawi zonse amasinthidwa.

Ngati mukumva kupweteka kwachilendo kapena kupweteka kochokera m'thupi lanu (kupweteka kwa mafupa), pitani kwa dokotala. Komanso, ngati mukuganiza kuti mwachita ngozi ndipo mwathyoka fupa, ndi bwino kupita kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi mafupa amapereka chithandizo chotani ku thupi lathu?

Mafupa sagwira ntchito imodzi yokha m'thupi lathu, koma ambiri. Tiyeni tiwone zina mwa zofunika kwambiri.

• Amathandiza thupi: Mafupa amapereka bata ndi chithandizo ku matupi athu tikaima, tikakhala pansi, komanso tikagona.
• Zimathandiza pakuyenda: Mafupa amathandiza pa zonsezi tikamayenda, kuthamanga, ndi kusuntha miyendo yathu. Koma si mafupa okha, komanso minofu, minyewa, ndi mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imakhudzidwa. Zonsezi zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zitipangitse kuyenda.
• Amateteza ziwalo zofunika: Taganizirani za ubongo womwe uli m'mutu mwathu. Kodi ndi wosavuta kumva? Ubongo umatetezedwa ndi dongosolo la mafupa lotchedwa chigaza. Mofananamo, ziwalo zofunika monga mtima ndi mapapo omwe ali pachifuwa chathu zimatetezedwa ndi mafupa otchedwa nthiti.
• Mafuta a M'mafupa Amasunga ndi Kuteteza: M'mafupa muli chinthu chofunika kwambiri chotchedwa mafuta a m'mafupa. Chili ngati minofu yofewa komanso yamafuta. Kuchokera ku mafuta a m'mafupa amenewa, mitundu ya maselo ofunikira m'thupi lathu imapangidwira.
• Maselo ofiira a m'magazi: Awa ndi omwe amanyamula mpweya m'thupi lonse.
• Maselo oyera a m'magazi: Awa ndi omwe amatiteteza polimbana ndi matenda.
• Ma platelet: Izi ndi zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa magazi pamene kutuluka magazi kumachitika.

Mukuona, mafupa si ziwalo za thupi zokha, amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri!

Kodi mafupa ali kuti?

Funso ili ndi losavuta kwambiri. Mafupa ali paliponse m'thupi lathu. Kuyambira kumutu mpaka kumapazi athu!

Kodi tili ndi mafupa angati m'thupi lathu?

Thupi la munthu wamkulu nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi mafupa pakati pa 206 ndi 213. Koma modabwitsa, mwana wobadwa kumene amakhala ndi mafupa pafupifupi 270! Pambuyo pake, mafupa ang'onoang'ono awa amalumikizana kuti apange mafupa a munthu wamkulu.

Anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi mafupa ochulukirapo pang'ono kuposa ena. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa izi:

• Anthu ena angakhale ndi kusiyana kwa chiwerengero cha nthiti pachifuwa pawo.
• Pakhoza kukhala kusiyana pang'ono pa chiwerengero cha mafupa a msana.
• Munthu amene ali ndi manambala ochepa kwambiri m'manja kapena m'mapazi mwake amakhala ndi mafupa ochepa.

Kodi mawonekedwe a mafupa ndi otani? Kodi amagawidwa m'magulu otani?

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amagawa mafupa m'magulu malinga ndi mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwawo. Tiyeni tiwone mitundu ikuluikulu.

Mafupa aatali

Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, awa ndi mafupa ataliatali kwambiri m'thupi. Makamaka tili ndi mitundu iyi ya mafupa m'manja ndi miyendo yathu. Mwachitsanzo, fupa la ntchafu `(Femur)` (limene lili pamwamba pa mwendo), fupa la mkono `(Humerus)` (limene lili pamwamba pa mkono). Komanso, mafupa awiri omwe ali pansi pa mwendo otchedwa `(Tibia)` (fupa la shin) ndi `(Fibula)` (fupa la ng'ombe) nawonso ndi mafupa ataliatali.

Mafupa afupiafupi

Mafupa amenewa ndi afupiafupi kuposa aatali ndipo ndi ochepa mphamvu. Zitsanzo za mafupa afupiafupi ndi monga mafupa m'manja ndi m'manja mwathu, ndi fupa la talus m'makolo athu.

Mafupa athyathyathya

Mafupa amenewa ndi okulirapo komanso osazungulira kwambiri kuposa ena. Ndi mafupa athyathyathya, monga mbale zomwe zimapanga chigaza chathu, nthiti zomwe zili pachifuwa chathu, ndi clavicle yomwe ili m'khosi mwathu.

Mafupa a Sesamoid

Izi ndi zapadera pang'ono. Mafupa awa amaikidwa m'misempha kapena minofu. Salumikizana monga mafupa ena, koma amaikidwa mwachindunji m'minofu. Chipewa cha bondo (patella) ndi mafupa ena a metacarpal m'dzanja ndi zitsanzo zabwino za mafupa awa.

Kodi mafupa amapangidwa ndi chiyani?

Mafupa amapangidwa makamaka ndi maselo ndi mapuloteni. Gawo lakunja lolimba komanso lamphamvu la fupa limatchedwa cortex. Imeneyo ndi gawo lolimba, lofanana ndi chipolopolo cha fupa lomwe mukuliwona pazithunzi. Mkati mwa cortex iyi muli gawo lotchedwa cancellous bone, kapena fupa lopanda siponji. Silolimba ngati cortex, ndi losinthasintha pang'ono, ndipo lili ndi matumphu ngati siponji. Mafupa anu amapezekanso m'gawo ili la fupa.

Mafupa athu amakonzanso maselo awo m'miyoyo yathu yonse. Pali mitundu iwiri yapadera ya maselo yomwe imathandiza pa izi: ma osteoblast ndi ma osteoclasts . Mwachidule, ma osteoblast amapanga minofu yatsopano ya mafupa. Ma osteoclasts amawononga minofu yakale ya mafupa, yowonongeka ndikuichotsa, ndikupanga malo atsopano, athanzi. Izi zili ngati kukonzanso kosalekeza.

Kodi ndi matenda ati omwe amakhudza mafupa omwe nthawi zambiri amakhudza mafupa?

Mavuto awiri akuluakulu omwe amakhudza mafupa ndi kusweka kwa mafupa ndi matenda otchedwa osteoporosis.

Kusweka kwa Mafupa

Kusweka kwa fupa ndi dzina lachipatala lotanthauza fupa losweka. Mwachidule, ndi kusweka kwa fupa. Fupa likhoza kusweka chifukwa cha kugwa, ngozi ya galimoto, kapena ngozi ina pamene mukusewera masewera.

Chofunika: Ngati mwachita ngozi ndipo mukuganiza kuti fupa lanu lasweka, pitani ku dipatimenti yothandiza anthu ovulala mwadzidzidzi (ETU) nthawi yomweyo. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti dokotala azindikire ndi kuchiza fupalo mwachangu kuti fupalo lichiritsidwe bwino.

Matenda a mafupa

Matenda a osteoporosis ndi matenda omwe mafupa amafooka komanso kusweka mosavuta. Anthu ambiri amazindikira kuti ali ndi matenda a osteoporosis akathyoka fupa. Izi zili choncho chifukwa nthawi zambiri fupa silikhala ndi zizindikiro zoonekeratu.

Azimayi ndi akuluakulu azaka zopitirira 65 ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a osteoporosis. Ngati muli m'gulu la anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezochi, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za kuyezetsa mafupa. Kungathe kuzindikira osteoporosis fupa lisanasweke.

Kodi mankhwala ofala a mafupa ndi ati?

Kawirikawiri, pokhapokha ngati mwachita ngozi, monga kusweka kwa fupa, kapena mwapezeka ndi matenda monga osteoporosis, mafupa anu safunikira chithandizo chapadera.

Chithandizo cha kusweka kwa fupa

Fupa likasweka, chithandizocho chimadalira fupa lomwe lasweka komanso momwe linasweka. Mwina mungafunike kuvala chogwirira kapena chopondera kuti fupa loswekalo likhale pamalo ake. Nthawi zina, opaleshoni ingafunike kuti fupalo likhazikike bwino ndikuchira.

Chithandizo cha matenda a mafupa

Mankhwala otsatirawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza matenda a osteoporosis:

• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Kutenga mavitamini ndi michere yowonjezera (makamaka calcium ndi vitamini D)
• Mankhwala operekedwa ndi dokotala

Matenda a mafupa nthawi zambiri amatha kupewedwa pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kumwa zakudya zowonjezera. Dokotala wanu angakuthandizeni kupeza njira zabwino kwambiri zochizira matenda anu komanso thanzi la mafupa anu.

Kodi ndingatani kuti mafupa anga akhale athanzi?

Ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi zomwe zingathandize thanzi lanu lonse komanso thanzi la mafupa. Komanso, popita kukayezetsa matenda nthawi zonse, mutha kuzindikira mwachangu mavuto kapena zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe zingakhudze mafupa anu.

• Ngati muli ndi zaka zoposa 65, kapena ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi vuto la mafupa, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kuyezetsa mafupa.
• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi.Makamaka pangani zakudya zokhala ndi calcium ndi vitamini D wambiri (mkaka, yogurt, tchizi, ndiwo zamasamba zobiriwira, nsomba zazing'ono) muzakudya zanu. Malo abwino kwambiri opezera vitamini D ndi dzuwa la m'mawa.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi monga kuyenda, kuthamanga, ndi kunyamula zolemera kumalimbitsa mafupa.
• Pewani kusuta fodya ndipo chepetsani kumwa mowa. Izi ndi zoipa pa thanzi la mafupa.

Komanso, tsatirani malangizo osavuta awa kuti mudziteteze ku ngozi:

• Valani malamba nthawi iliyonse mukakwera galimoto.
• Valani zida zoyenera zodzitetezera mukamasewera masewera ndi zochitika zina.
• Musasiye zinthu zomwe zingagwe m'nyumba mwanu kapena kuntchito kwanu. Zisungeni mwaukhondo.
• Mukamatenga chinthu kuchokera padenga, nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito zida zoyenera (monga makwerero). Musakwere pamipando kapena matebulo.
• Ngati mukuvutika kuyenda kapena muli pachiopsezo chachikulu chogwa, gwiritsani ntchito ndodo kapena choyendera.

Kodi fupa lalitali komanso lamphamvu kwambiri m'thupi ndi liti?

Fupa lalitali kwambiri m'thupi lathu ndi femur (yomwe ili pamwamba pa mwendo wanu). Femur mwa munthu wamkulu nthawi zambiri imakhala yayitali pafupifupi mainchesi 18.

Komanso, fupa lamphamvu kwambiri m'thupi ndi la femur. Limatha kunyamula kulemera kwa thupi lanu kuwirikiza nthawi 30! N'zovuta kuganiza, eti?

Kodi fupa laling'ono kwambiri m'thupi ndi liti?

Mafupa atatu ang'onoang'ono m'thupi lathu ali mkati mwa khutu lanu. Amatchedwa ma ossicles. Mafupa atatu ang'onoang'ono awa amatithandiza kumva. Amanyamula kugwedezeka kwa mawu kupita ku khutu lamkati. Malleus (nyundo), incus (anvil), ndi stapes (stirrup) onse ndi ochepera inchi imodzi. Mafupa a stapes ndi ochepa kwambiri mwa mafupa awa - nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi a inchi (3.5 millimeters).

Kaya mukupumula kunyumba, kuyenda pang'onopang'ono, kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi a marathon, mafupa anu ndi omwe amathandizira thupi lanu ndikukuthandizani kuyenda (kapena kukuthandizani kuti mukhale chete pa sofa!). Kuyambira fupa laling'ono kwambiri m'khutu mwanu mpaka fupa lalitali kwambiri m'mwendo mwanu, fupa lililonse m'thupi mwanu ndi lofunika.

Pomaliza, zomwe muyenera kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Kotero, ndikukhulupirira kuti tsopano mwamvetsa bwino za mafupa.

Chilichonse chimene mungachite kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino chingathandizenso kuti mafupa anu akhale olimba komanso athanzi.

Izi zikutanthauza kudya bwino, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kutenga njira zodzitetezera. Ngati muli ndi zaka zoposa 65 kapena muli ndi mbiri ya matenda a mafupa m'banja mwanu, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu kuti akuthandizeni kuti muyezetse mafupa anu. Mafupa athu ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe chingatiteteze m'miyoyo yathu yonse, choncho ndi udindo wathu kuwasamalira bwino. Mwamvetsa?

Mafupa , mafupa, thanzi la mafupa, osteoporosis, kusweka kwa mafupa, calcium, vitamini D