Kodi mukuvutika kuchita ntchito zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku? (Zochita za Moyo wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku - ADLs) Tiyeni tidziwe izi!

Pali zinthu zina zomwe tonsefe timachita tsiku lililonse zomwe sitiziganizira nkomwe. Zinthu monga kudzuka m'mawa, kusamba nkhope, kutsuka mano, kuvala, kudya, kusamba, ndi kupita kuchimbudzi. Izi ndi zomwe madokotala amatcha 'Activities of Daily Living' (ADLs) . Izi ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti matupi athu akhale athanzi komanso kuti azigwira ntchito bwino. Nthawi zina, ngakhale kuchita ntchito zosavutazi patokha kungakhale kovuta kwa anthu ena. Tiyeni tikambirane zambiri za ADL izi lero, sichoncho?

Kodi ma ADL ndi chiyani? Mwachidule...

Mwachidule, (ADLs) ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe timachita kuti matupi athu akhale athanzi komanso kuti tikhale ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Izi zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri. Chimodzi ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa thupi - monga kudya, kusamba, ndi kupita kuchimbudzi. Popanda izi, zikanakhala zovuta kuti tikhale ndi moyo.

Gawo lina ndi ntchito zovuta kwambiri , zomwe ndi ntchito zomwe zimakuthandizani kukhala nokha komanso nokha. Mwachitsanzo, kusamalira ndalama, kubweretsa zakudya kunyumba, kulima dimba, ndi kuchapa zovala. Kuchita zinthu izi kumafuna kuganiza ndi kukonzekera pang'ono.

Nthawi zina, tangoganizani kuti muyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni yaying'ono. Mungafunike thandizo ndi ma ADL awa kwa masiku angapo. Zimenezo n'zachibadwa. Komabe, anthu ena angafunike thandizo ndi ntchito zimenezi kwa nthawi yayitali, mwina ngakhale kwa moyo wawo wonse. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa chakuti ali ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe limakhudza luso lawo losuntha thupi lawo, kukumbukira kwawo, komanso luso lawo lothana ndi mavuto.

N’chifukwa chiyani n’kofunika kukambirana za ma ADL amenewa?

Mukapita kwa dokotala kapena kusamalira wachibale, gulu lachipatala mwina lidzakambirana za ADL izi. Kunena zoona, iyi si nkhani yophweka kukambirana. Mungaganize kuti, "O, kodi ndiyenera kudalira ena?" kapena, "Kodi amayi anga/abambo anga adzatha kukhala okha panyumba?" Mantha ndi nkhawa zimenezi ndi zofala kwambiri.

Chofunika kwambiri ndikulankhula za izi momasuka komanso moona mtima ndi dokotala wanu kapena gulu la chisamaliro chaumoyo la wokondedwa wanu.

Adzakumverani ndikumvetsa zomwe mukufuna. Mukalankhula za izi motere ndikumvetsetsa zomwe mungasankhe, inu ndi banja lanu mutha kupanga chisankho chabwino kwambiri. Pokonzekera kukambirana kumeneku, zimathandiza kudziwa bwino zomwe madokotala amatanthauza akamanena za ADL.

Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya ma ADL...

Tanena kale kuti ma ADL amagawidwa m'magawo awiri.

1. Zochita zoyambira za tsiku ndi tsiku (Ma ADL oyambira)

Izi ndi zinthu zomwe timachita tsiku lililonse, zofunika kwambiri kuti tipulumuke. Izi nthawi zina zimatchedwa zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku zakuthupi , chifukwa zimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi zosowa za thupi lathu.

Zitsanzo zina za ma ADL oyambira:

• Kudyetsa:Kutenga chakudya chomwe chili m'mbale, kuchiika mkamwa, ndikudya bwino.
• Kusamba/Ukhondo Wanu: Kupita ku bafa nokha, kusamba thupi lanu, ndi kudziyeretsa nokha. Izi zikuphatikizapo kutsuka mano anu ndi kusamba nkhope yanu.
• Kuvala: Kusankha ndi kuvala zovala nokha. Zinthu monga kutseka mabatani ndi zipu.
• Kusamba: Kupita kuchimbudzi wekha, kuchita zomwe ukufuna, ndikutuluka uli woyera.
• Kusamutsa: Zinthu monga kusamuka kuchokera pabedi kupita pampando, kudzuka pampando, ndikuyenda m'chipindamo.
• Kugona: Kutha kulamulira mphamvu yodziyeretsa ndi kukodza nthawi ndi nthawi yomwe mukufuna.

Nayi mfundo yofunika kukumbukira. Pali kusiyana pakati pa kuchita izi mwachizolowezi ndi kuchita mosamala . Tangoganizirani, mutha kuyendayenda m'nyumba, koma mukumva kuti simuli bwino, kapena mwagwa kangapo ndipo mwangopulumuka pang'ono. Ngati ndi choncho, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuuza dokotala za izi.

N'zosavuta kuchedwetsa zinthu, kuganiza kuti, "O, ndi momwe zimakhalira ukakula." Koma ngati mukuona kuti kuchita ntchito zosavutazi n'kovuta kuposa kale, musalole zimenezo kukufooketsani. Mukauza dokotala, angakulangizeni kusintha zinthu zosavuta. Mwachitsanzo, kuchotsa makapeti oterera m'nyumba mwanu kapena kuyika zitsulo zonyamulira m'bafa.

2. Ma ADL a Zida (IADLs)

Ntchito zimenezi, zotchedwa Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs), ndi zovuta pang'ono kuposa ADL zoyambira. Zimafuna luso lambiri la maganizo kuti zigwire ntchito. Ma IADL samangothandiza zosowa zathu zakuthupi zokha, komanso thanzi lathu lonse. Kuti muchite ntchito zimenezi, muyenera kukhala okhoza kuganiza mozama, kusunga zinthu mwadongosolo, komanso kuyenda m'nyumba ndi kunja kwa nyumba.

Zitsanzo zina za ma IADL:

• Kusamalira banja: kuyeretsa nyumba, kukonza mabedi, kuchotsa zinyalala.
• Kukonzekera chakudya: Kukonzekera chakudya, kukonza zosakaniza zofunika, ndikuphika mosamala.
• Kusamalira mankhwala: Kumwa mankhwala panthawi yoyenera komanso mu mlingo woyenera.
• Kusamalira ndalama: kulipira ma bilu, kuchita banki, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama mwanzeru.
• Kugula zinthu: Kulemba mndandanda wa zinthu zomwe mukufuna panyumba panu, kupita kusitolo, ndi kuzitenga.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito foni: Kutha kuyimbira munthu wina ndikuyankha mafoni obwera.
• Mayendedwe: Kuyenda nokha pa basi, sitima, kapena kuyendetsa galimoto yanu kapena kusungitsa taxi.
• Zochapira zovala:Kusanja, kutsuka, kuumitsa, ndi kupinda zovala.

Kawirikawiri, anthu akazindikira kuti sangathe kuchita ma IADL okha, choyamba amapempha thandizo pa ntchito zimenezi. Nthawi zina, munthu sadziwa kuti akufunikira thandizo ndi ma IADL mpaka wachibale kapena dokotala atanena zimenezo. Anthu ambiri omwe amafunikira thandizo ndi ma IADL amatha kuchita ma ADL oyambira popanda vuto lililonse.

Zosowa za munthu zimatha kusintha pakapita nthawi. Mwachitsanzo, munthu amene ali ndi vuto lochepa la kuzindikira kapena matenda a Alzheimer omwe ali mu gawo loyambirira la matendawo akhoza kukhala ndi vuto lochita ma IADL ena koma sangafunike thandizo lililonse ndi ma ADL oyambira. Komabe, pamene vutoli likupitirira, angayambe kukhala ndi vuto lochita ngakhale ma ADL oyambira.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuyesa ma ADL nthawi zambiri si chinthu chongochitika kamodzi kokha. M'malo mwake, ogwira ntchito zachipatala, monga madokotala, anamwino, ndi akatswiri azachipatala, amatha kuwona nthawi zonse luso lanu lochita zinthu zoyambira komanso za IADL. Amafufuza kusintha kulikonse komwe kungasonyeze kufunikira kwa thandizo lina.

Kodi madokotala amafufuza liti ngati ali ndi ADL?

Nthawi komanso kangati madokotala amayesa luso lanu lochita ma ADL zimasiyana malinga ndi mbiri yanu yachipatala komanso momwe mulili panopa. Kawirikawiri, anamwino ndi akatswiri azachipatala amatha kuwona momwe mukuchitira ma ADL awa pamene:

• Mukagonekedwa m'chipatala.
• Atabwerera kunyumba kuchokera kuchipatala.
• Pamene mukuchira kuchokera ku opaleshoni, ngozi yakuthupi, kuvulala koopsa muubongo, kapena sitiroko.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la neurodegenerative, monga matenda a Alzheimer's kapena matenda a Parkinson, omwe pang'onopang'ono amafooketsa dongosolo la mitsempha.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la maganizo.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la matenda amisala.

Kodi ma ADL amayesedwa bwanji?

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana kuti aone ngati munthu ali ndi luso lochita zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku. Mwachitsanzo, angakuwoneni mwachindunji inu kapena wokondedwa wanu mukuchita zinthuzi. Nthawi zina, amafunsa osamalira za zomwe akuwona. Nthawi zina, munthu amene akuvutika ndi matenda a ADL adzadzinenera yekha .

Madokotala angagwiritse ntchito njira imodzi kapena zingapo izi pamodzi kuti amvetsetse bwino momwe munthu angathe kudzisamalira yekha komanso mtundu wa thandizo lomwe akufunikira. Kutengera ndi kuchuluka kwa thandizo lomwe akufunikira, madokotala angalimbikitse zinthu monga:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zodyera ndi zida zapadera monga malamba osamutsira katundu kuti zithandize munthu kunyamula katundu.
• Kusintha zinthu kunyumba, monga kugwiritsa ntchito mipando yokhala ndi malo opumulira manja kuti zikhale zosavuta kukhala pansi ndi kudzuka pamipando.
• Kulemba ntchito wachibale (wosamalira anthu osavomerezeka) kapena wothandizira zaumoyo wapakhomo kuti azisamalira odwala.
• Kuganizira njira zina zogona, monga malo osungiramo anthu okalamba kapena malo osungira okalamba.

Madokotala nthawi zonse amayesa kupereka malangizo omwe angakuthandizeni inu kapena wokondedwa wanu kukhala otetezeka momwe mungathere.

Kodi Katz Index ndi chiyani? (Katz ADL Scale)

Izi zimatchedwanso ``Katz ADL scale``. Iyi ndi mndandanda wazinthu zomwe madokotala nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kuti adziwe momwe mungachitire bwino ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku. ``Katz ADL scale`` imayang'ana kwambiri ma ADL oyambira , ndipo siiyang'ana ma IADL (ntchito zovuta kwambiri).

``Katz ADL sikelo'' imayesa momwe mungachitire bwino ma ADL asanu ndi limodzi (6) oyambira. Mumapeza chigoli chimodzi (1) pa ntchito iliyonse yomwe mungathe kuchita nokha , ndi chigoli cha zero (0) pa ntchito iliyonse yomwe mukufuna thandizo nayo . Chifukwa chake, mutha kupeza chigoli chachikulu cha zisanu ndi chimodzi (6). Chigoli chachikulu, ndi momwe mungachitire ntchitoyo nokha. Chigoli chotsika, ndi momwe mungafunikire thandizo lalikulu pamoyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku.

Nazi ma ADL asanu ndi limodzi oyambira pa ``Katz ADL scale'' ndi zomwe muyenera kuchita kuti mupeze chigoli pa chilichonse mwa izi:

1. Kusamba: Ngati mungathe kutsuka thupi lanu lonse popanda thandizo lililonse, kapena ndi thandizo la gawo limodzi lokha la thupi (monga msana).

2. Kuvala zovala: Ngati mungathe kusankha ndi kuvala zovala zanu zonse, ndikuchita zinthu monga mabatani ndi zokokera ndi maso nokha (mungafunike thandizo lomangirira zingwe za nsapato zanu).

3. Kusamba: Ngati mungathe kupita kuchimbudzi popanda thandizo lililonse, khalani pamenepo, mugwiritse ntchito, kenako mubwerere muli oyera.

4. Kusamutsa: Tulukani pabedi kapena pampando popanda thandizo la wina, ngati mungathe.

5. Kusagona: Ngati muli ndi ulamuliro wonse pa nthawi ndi malo omwe mumakodza komanso komwe mumachitira chimbudzi.

6. Kudyetsa: Ngati angathe kutenga chakudya m'mbale n'kuchiika pakamwa pake yekha.

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito sikelo ya Katz ADL ndi mndandanda wina wa zinthu zofunika kuchita kapena mayeso kuti apeze chithunzi chokwanira cha zomwe mungachite komanso mtundu wa thandizo lomwe mukufuna. Mwachitsanzo, angagwiritse ntchito Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale kuti awone momwe mungachitire bwino ntchito zovuta kwambiri, monga kukonzekera chakudya kapena kugwira ntchito zapakhomo.

Ngati mwapeza mndandanda wa ADL pa intaneti, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala musanagwiritse ntchito nokha. Kaya muli ndi zolinga zabwino bwanji, n'zosavuta kumvetsa mndandanda ngati uwu kapena zomwe umanena. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse yokhudza inuyo kapena munthu wina m'banja mwanu, chinthu chabwino komanso chotetezeka kuchita ndikulankhula ndi dokotala ndikupeza malangizo awo pa zomwe mungachite kenako.

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chomwe muyenera kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku izi (ADLs) ndi zinthu zomwe timachita nthawi zonse ndipo zimakhala zozama kwambiri m'miyoyo yathu. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri sitimaganizira za izo mpaka inu kapena wokondedwa wanu mutalephera kuzichita. Pamenepo ndi pomwe mafunso monga, "Ndi thandizo lanji lomwe tidzafuna? Tidzalifuna mpaka liti? Nanga tsogolo la zonsezi lidzachitika ndi chiyani?" amayamba kubwera.

Mafunso amabwera m'maganizo mosavuta, koma kupeza mayankho sikophweka nthawi zonse. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuuza dokotala nkhawa zanu. Adzakhala okonzeka kugwira nanu ntchito ndikupeza mayankho.

Ngati mukumva chisoni, kutopa kwambiri, kapena kutopa chifukwa cha nkhawa yamtunduwu, ganizirani kulankhula ndi mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo . Angamvetse momwe mukumvera ndikukuthandizani kupeza njira zabwino zothetsera kusintha kwa moyo wanu mosavuta. Kumbukirani, simuli nokha!

Zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku, ma ADL, ma ADL oyambira, ma ADL ogwiritsira ntchito zida, ma IADL, kuwunika thanzi, chisamaliro cha okalamba, kukhala pawokha