Zinthu Zosokoneza Bongo: Kodi tikudziwa za msampha woopsa uwu?

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo chifukwa chake anthu amazolowera zinthu zina mosavuta chonchi? Mwina mwawaonapo anthu otere pafupi nanu. Lero tikambirana za 'zinthu zozolowera' izi, momwe zilili zoopsa, komanso ngati mungathe kuzichotsa. Iyi ndi nkhani yofunika kwambiri, chifukwa ingakhudze aliyense, pa msinkhu uliwonse.

Kodi "Zinthu Zosokoneza" izi ndi ziti?

Mwachidule, awa ndi mankhwala, mankhwala, kapena mankhwala omwe timawagwiritsa ntchito ndipo sitingathe kusiya kuwagwiritsa ntchito. Kunena zoona, uwu ndi matenda osatha . Ndiko kuti, ngakhale mutadziwa kuti zinthuzi ndi zovulaza kwa inu, mupitiliza kuzifunafuna. Zili ngati kukokedwa ndi maginito.

Tsopano, tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili mu gulu ili. Zina mwa izo mwina mudamvapo, ndipo zina zingakhale zatsopano pang'ono:

• Mowa : Choncho palibe chapadera chonena pankhaniyi.
• Kafeini : Inde, inde, kafeini yomwe ili mu tiyi ndi khofi yomwe timamwa ilinso m'gululi. Koma zotsatira zake zimadalira kuchuluka kwake.
• Chamba/Chamba : Ichinso ndi chinthu chomwe chikukambidwa kwambiri pakali pano.
• Mankhwala ochititsa mantha : Zitsanzo zake ndi Phencyclidine (PCP) ndi Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Izi zingakuthandizeni kuona zinthu zomwe simungazione kapena kumva zinthu zomwe simungazimve.
• Mankhwala ochepetsa ululu, oletsa kutopa komanso ochepetsa nkhawa : Izi zikuphatikizapo mankhwala monga `(Benzodiazepines)` ndi `(Barbiturates)`. Ngakhale atapatsidwa mankhwala ndi dokotala, amatha kukhala osokoneza bongo ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika.
• Zopumira : Zinthu monga zothira utoto, zopopera zina za aerosol, mpweya, ndi nitrites. Izi ndi zoopsa kwambiri.
• Mankhwala oletsa ululu monga `(Codeine)`, `(Oxycodone)`, komanso mankhwala oletsa ululu monga `(Heroin)`.
• Mankhwala opatsa mphamvu kwa dokotala ndi mankhwala osapatsa mphamvu kwa dokotala : Izi zikuphatikizapo Adderall® (yomwe ili ndi amphetamine/dextroamphetamine), cocaine, ndi methamphetamine (meth).
• Fodya/Nikotini : Kusuta ndudu, kugwiritsa ntchito ndudu zamagetsi (ndudu zamagetsi kapena vaping) zonse zili m'gululi.

Mawu oti 'zinthu' okha ndi omwe amafotokoza momveka bwino kuti izi sizikutanthauza 'ufa' wokha. Pali zinthu zambiri zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingakhale zosokoneza thanzi lathu popanda ife kuzindikira.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimakupangitsani kukhala ndi chilakolako chofuna kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo? N’chifukwa chiyani zili choncho?

Kafukufuku wapeza kuti zinthu zina zimakhala zosokoneza kwambiri kuposa zina. Zodziwika kwambiri mwa izi ndi izi:

• Mowa
• Cocaine
• Heroin
• Methamphetamine
• Chikonga

Kumbukirani, sizinthu zonse zomwe zimakhala ndi chizolowezi chofanana. Kuthekera kwa munthu kukhala ndi chizolowezi cha zinthu zina, kapena "vuto lake la chizolowezi," kumasiyana malinga ndi munthu. Izi zimatengera zinthu zingapo:

• Momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito: Mwachitsanzo, zotsatira zake zimasiyana malinga ndi ngati mumamwa, mubaya, kapena mupumira. Mukalowa mwachangu m'magazi, chiopsezo cha chizolowezi chimakhala chachikulu.
• Liwiro limene limafika mu ubongo ndi momwe limalimbikitsira "malo osangalatsa" a ubongo (njira yopezera mphotho): Zinthu zina zimapita mwachindunji ku ubongo ndikuyamba njira ya mankhwala yomwe imatipangitsa kukhala osangalala komanso okhutira. Zili ngati 'kumenya' pang'ono ku ubongo. Zimakhudzanso liwiro limene limadutsa "chotchinga magazi ndi ubongo".
• Nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti mumve zotsatira za kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa: Zotsatira zake zikamveka mwachangu, m'pamenenso mumakhala ndi mwayi wogwiritsanso ntchito.
• Izi zingayambitse kuwonjezeka kwa "kulekerera" kwa thupi ndi/kapena kuthekera kwa "zizindikiro zosiya kumwa": tidzakambirana za izi mtsogolo pang'ono.

Kodi "Zinthu Zolamulidwa" ndi chiyani?

'Zomwe zimalamulidwa' ndi mankhwala kapena mankhwala omwe ali ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kogwiritsa ntchito molakwika komanso chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (SUD) . Izi sizingagulidwe pasadakhale.

Mwachitsanzo, ku United States, pali malamulo okhwima okhudza kupanga ndi kufalitsa mankhwala olamulidwa ndi dokotala. Zitsanzo zake ndi monga morphine (mankhwala ochepetsa ululu) ndi methylphenidate (mankhwala olimbikitsa). Ndikoletsedwanso kukhala ndi kugawa zinthu zolamulidwa popanda chilolezo, monga methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) ndi heroin.

Bungwe la Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) lagawa zinthuzi m'magulu asanu, kapena "ndandanda," zomwe zimapatsa lingaliro la kuopsa kwake komanso kuchuluka kwa kuwongolera komwe amafunikira.

• Ndandanda Yoyamba: Awa ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kogwiritsa ntchito molakwika komanso kuledzera. Zitsanzo: `(Heroin)`, `(LSD)`, `(MDMA)` ndi chamba `(Chamba)`. (Ngakhale kuti chamba ndi chovomerezeka m'maiko ena aku America, chikadali m'gulu ili pamlingo wa federal.)
• Ndandanda Yachiwiri: Izi zilinso ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika komanso kuzolowera. Zitsanzo: `(Fentanyl)`, `(Morphine)`, `(Methamphetamine)` ndi `(Oxycodone)`. Madokotala ayenera kutsatira malamulo okhwima akamapereka mankhwala awa (monga osawonjezeranso mankhwala).
• Ndandanda Yachitatu: Mankhwalawa ali ndi chiopsezo chochepa chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika, koma ali ndi chiopsezo china cha kuzolowera. Zitsanzo: Benzphetamine, Ketamine, ndi Anabolic steroids. Mankhwalawa alinso ndi malire a nthawi yotulutsidwa kwawo (monga, amatha kuperekedwa kasanu kokha mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi).
• Ndandanda Yachinayi: Ali ndi chiopsezo chotsika cha kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika komanso kuledzera poyerekeza ndi ndandanda zitatu zoyambirira. Zitsanzo: `(Clonazepam)`, `(Diazepam)`, `(Lorazepam)`, `(Tramadol)` ndi `(Triazolam)`. Ngakhale mankhwala atatulutsidwanso, amawunikidwa mosamala.
• Ndandanda V: Awa ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi kuthekera kochepa kogwiritsa ntchito molakwika kapena kuledzera, koma ali ndi chiopsezo china. Zitsanzo: Mankhwala ena okhala ndi `(Codeine)`, mankhwala oletsa kutsegula m'mimba okhala ndi `(Atropine/diphenoxylate)`, `(Pregabalin)`. Madokotala adzakuyang'anirani mosamala pamene mukulandira chithandizo ndi mankhwalawa.

Ngakhale kuti kugawidwa kumeneku sikofanana ku Sri Lanka, kungatipatse lingaliro la momwe zinthu zina ziyenera kulamuliridwira ndipo ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati dokotala alangiza.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ku ubongo ndi thupi tikagwiritsa ntchito zinthuzi?

Zotsatira zake zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala zimatchedwa "kuledzera." Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingachitike apa:

• Kusintha kwa maganizo: Mwadzidzidzi mungamve ngati muli ndi mutu wopepuka kapena mukugona tulo. Mungamve kukhala wosangalala kwambiri komanso wamphamvu. Mungamvenso ngati mukukayikira kapena mukuopa zinthu zina.
• Kuona zinthu m'maganizo: Kuona kapena kumva zinthu zomwe sizilipo kwenikweni.
• Kusintha kwa kaganizidwe ndi luso lopanga zisankho: kulephera kusankha chabwino ndi choipa, chisokonezo pakuganiza.
• Kuvuta kugwirizana: Kugwedezeka poyenda, kuvutika kugwira zinthu.
• Kuchuluka kapena kuchepa kwa chilakolako: Izi zimasiyana malinga ndi chinthu chomwe chilipo.

Momwe mukumvera zimadalira zomwe munamwa, kuchuluka kwa zomwe munamwa, komanso ngati munali ndi mankhwala ena kapena mankhwala ena m'thupi lanu panthawiyo.

Kuchotsa Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo

Mukagwiritsa ntchito chinthu nthawi zonse komanso pafupipafupi, thupi lanu limazolowera. Zimakhala ngati chinthu chomwe mumachita tsiku lililonse. Kenako, mukasiya kuchigwiritsa ntchito mwadzidzidzi, kapena zotsatira zake pa thupi lanu zikatha, mumayamba kuona zizindikiro zosasangalatsa. Izi zimatchedwa "zizindikiro zosiya kugwiritsa ntchito" kapena "zizindikiro zosiya kugwiritsa ntchito."

Nazi zizindikiro zina zodziwika bwino zosiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo:

• Kukwiya
• Kumva kuzizira (Kuzizira)
• Kutsegula m'mimba
• Kuvuta kugona
• Kupweteka kwa minofu
• Kusanza ndi kusanza
• Kupweteka m'mimba
• Kutuluka thukuta

Kuopsa kwa zizindikiro zosiya kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumadalira zomwe mwakhala mukugwiritsa ntchito komanso momwe thupi lanu lazolowera (kulekerera). Zinthu zina, monga ma opioid, zingayambitse zizindikiro zosiya kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo zomwe zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri kotero kuti mungafune kuzigwiritsanso ntchito kuti muchepetse ululu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi zina limakhala lovuta kwambiri kuchiza.

Zotsatira pa ubongo

Zinthu zoledzeretsa zimenezi zimakhudza mwachindunji "malo osangalatsa" muubongo wanu. Taganizirani izi, tonsefe mwachibadwa timafuna kukhala osangalala komanso okhutitsidwa. Nthawi zambiri, timapeza chisangalalochi kuchokera ku zinthu zabwino komanso zathanzi. Mukakhala ndi munthu amene mumamukonda, kapena mukamadya chakudya chokoma, thupi lanu limapanga mankhwala otchedwa dopamine . Dopamine iyi ndi yomwe imatipangitsa kukhala osangalala komanso okhutitsidwa. Kotero zili ngati kuzungulira - mumamva bwino, kotero mukufuna kuchita zinthu zimenezo mobwerezabwereza.

Kodi mukudziwa zomwe zimachitika mukamwa zinthuzi? Ubongo wanu mwadzidzidzi umapanga dopamine yambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti imapanga chisangalalo chochuluka mwadala. Kuchuluka kwa dopamine kumeneku kungayambitse kusintha koipa m'malingaliro anu, momwe mumamvera, komanso machitidwe anu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mumakhala ndi mwayi wotsatira chisangalalo chongopeka chomwe mumapeza kuchokera ku zinthuzi kuposa chisangalalo chomwe mumapeza kuchokera ku zinthu zathanzizo.

Pakapita nthawi, zinthuzi zimasintha kapangidwe ka ubongo wanu. Kenako, simukumvanso chisangalalo chomwecho kuchokera ku kuchuluka komwe mudamwa kale. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mumakhala ndi "kulekerera" kwa chinthucho. Kenako, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chinthucho kwambiri kuti mupeze chisangalalo chomwecho. Izi zingayambitse kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri, kumwa mankhwala oopsa, kapena kusakaniza zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Izi zingayambitse matenda oopsa monga "overdose."

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa kungogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi kukhala woledzera ndi chiyani?

Kungogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala osokoneza bongo n’kosiyana ndi njira yokhazikika komanso yachizolowezi yomwe imayambitsa matenda a kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (SUD) . Munthu angagwiritse ntchito chinthu nthawi zina, koma zimenezo sizimamupangitsa kukhala "SUD".

Koma, si aliyense amene amapeza mwayi umenewu. Nthawi zina, ngakhale mutaugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kangapo, thupi lanu limatha kuzolowera (kulekerera) ndipo likhoza kukhala chizolowezi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mutha kugwa mumsampha uwu mosavuta kuposa momwe mukuganizira.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi lochiritsika. Ngati mwakonzeka, pali chithandizo, upangiri, ndi mankhwala omwe angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi vutoli.

Kodi tiyenera kuchita bwanji izi pa moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku?

Nthawi zina, madokotala amapereka mankhwala enaake kuti athandize kupweteka kwambiri pambuyo pa opaleshoni kapena kuthana ndi vuto losatha. Palinso mankhwala ena apakhomo (monga spray yotsukira kiyibodi). Izi ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri.

Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika zinthuzi n’kofala kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa bwino za mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani kapena mankhwala omwe muli nawo kunyumba. Sungani pamalo otetezeka ndipo mugwiritse ntchito monga momwe mwalangizidwira .

Ngati mukuganiza kuti inuyo kapena munthu amene mumamukonda ali pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala . Alipo kuti akuthandizeni nthawi iliyonse mukakonzeka. Musachite mantha, musachite manyazi. Izi zitha kuchitika kwa aliyense, ndipo pali thandizo pa izi.

Pomaliza, zinthu zingapo zomwe muyenera kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chifukwa chake, kuchokera pa zomwe takambiranazi, mwina mwapeza lingaliro la kuopsa kwa zinthu zosokoneza bongozi, komanso kufunika kozidziwa.

• Kuledzera si kufooka, ndi matenda: kungakhudze aliyense. Choncho si bwino kunyalanyaza aliyense.
• Mphamvu ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo a chinthu chilichonse ndi yosiyana: zinthu zina zimatha kukhala zosokoneza bongo mwachangu kuposa momwe timaganizira.
• Ngakhale mankhwala olembedwa ndi dokotala akhoza kukhala oopsa ngati sagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino: Nthawi zonse tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu.
• Ubongo wanu umakula kupirira zinthu izi: zikutanthauza kuti mumafunika zambiri pakapita nthawi. Izi ndi zoopsa.
• Kusiya kungakhale koopsa: Ichi ndichifukwa chake anthu ambiri amakopeka kuti agwiritsenso ntchito.
• Thandizo lilipo! Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi vutoli, pali madokotala ndi alangizi oti akuthandizeni. Musavutike nokha.

Kulankhula za izi kungakhale kovuta. Koma, kukhala wodziwa bwino ndi gawo loyamba. Inu ndi banja lanu muyenera kukambirana za izi ndikuzindikira. Pokhapokha titha kupewa mavutowa ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena, musaope kufunsa dokotala.

Kuledzera , mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mowa, nikotini, vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, thanzi la maganizo, dopamine