Kodi valavu ya mtima wanu yatsekedwa? Tiyeni tikambirane za (Aortic Stenosis)!

Kodi nthawi zina mumamva kupweteka pachifuwa, kupuma movutikira, kapena chizungulire? Kapena mwadzidzidzi mumamva kukomoka kapena chizungulire? Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa valavu imodzi yofunika kwambiri mumtima mwanu, valavu ya aortic. Madokotala amatcha vutoli kuti Aortic Stenosis. Izi zikachitika, zimakhala zovuta kuti mtima upompe magazi kupita ku thupi lonse. Thupi sililandira mpweya wokwanira. Ichi si chinthu chomwe mungayembekezere, chifukwa chingawononge mtima, kuyambitsa mavuto aakulu azaumoyo, komanso nthawi zina chingakhale choopsa pa moyo.

Ndiye kodi `(Aortic Stenosis)` iyi ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, mtima wathu uli ngati nyumba yaying'ono, uli ndi zipinda zinayi. Pakati pa zipinda izi, komwe magazi amatuluka mumtima, pali ziwalo monga zitseko. Timatcha ma valve a mtima awa. Limodzi mwa ma valve anayiwa limatchedwa Aortic Valve. Ichi ndi chipata chomaliza chomwe magazi amadutsa kuchokera mumtima kupita ku thupi lonse. Monga mlonda wa chipata, chipata ichi chimangolola magazi kuyenda mbali imodzi ndikuletsa kuti asabwerere mumtima. Aortic Valve iyi ili ndi ma flap atatu ang'onoang'ono (timabuku). Ngati ma flap awa sakutseguka bwino ndipo amatsekeka kapena kupapatiza, ndiye kuti vuto lotchedwa Aortic Stenosis limachitika.

Taganizirani ngati chitoliro chamadzi chomwe chimamatira pakati ndipo chimavutika kutulutsa madzi. Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono mukamva za vuto ndi khomo ili. Koma tsopano pali njira zambiri zamakono zochiritsira vutoli , kotero palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa.

Kodi vutoli (Aortic Stenosis) ndi lofala bwanji?

Matendawa otchedwa `(Aortic Stenosis)` ndi ofala kwambiri pakati pa anthu azaka zopitirira 65. Koma mwatsoka, anthu ambiri sadziwa kuti ali ndi vutoli mpaka zizindikirozo zitakula kwambiri. Nthawi zina amapezeka panthawi yoyezetsa matenda ena. Matenda ena angayambitse vutoli ali ndi zaka zapakati, pafupifupi zaka 40-50. Nthawi zambiri, `(Aortic Valve Stenosis)` iyi imathanso kuchitika mwa ana aang'ono ngati ``Congenital condition``.

Kodi zizindikiro za izi ndi ziti?

Si aliyense amene ali ndi Aortic Stenosis amene amakhala ndi zizindikiro nthawi yomweyo. Anthu ena sangazindikire chilichonse kwa zaka zambiri. Koma vutoli likakula kwambiri, zizindikiro monga izi zingawonekere:

• Kumva kutopa kwambiri: Mungamve kutopa kwambiri moti simungathe kuchita ntchito zanu zachizolowezi.
• Kugunda kwa mtima: Mungamve mtima wanu ukugunda, kapena mungamve ukugunda mofulumira kwambiri, kapena chifuwa chanu chingamve ngati chikugunda. Timachitcha kuti "Kugunda kwa mtima".
• Kutupa kwa miyendo ndi akakolo: Mbali zapansi za miyendo ndi kuzungulira akakolo zitha kutupa.
• Kupweteka pachifuwa: Ichi ndi chomwe chimatchedwa `(Angina)`. Kungamveke ngati kufinya, kulimbitsa, kapena kulemera pachifuwa. Nthawi zina ululuwu ukhoza kufika pakhosi, nsagwada, mkono wakumanzere, kapena ngakhale m'mbali mwa mimba.
• Kuvuta kupuma: Mungakhale ndi vuto kupuma, makamaka mukatopa pang'ono, kapena ngakhale mukakhala chete.
• Chizungulire, kukomoka: Mungamve chizungulire, maso anu angasanduke abuluu, ndipo mungayambe kukomoka.

Kumbukirani, kungoti muli ndi zizindikirozi sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi Aortic Stenosis. Koma ngati mupitiliza kukhala nazo, muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala . Wopereka chithandizo chanu chachikulu angakutumizireni kwa dokotala wa mtima.

Kodi matendawa angakule mofulumira bwanji?

Izi ndi zosiyana kwa aliyense. Kwa anthu ena, `(Aortic Valve Stenosis)` iyi imakula pang'onopang'ono, pakapita zaka zambiri. Kwa ena, imatha kukulirakulira mwachangu, ngakhale m'miyezi ingapo. Chofunika ndichakuti, ngati muchedwa kulandira chithandizo, simungathe kukonza kuwonongeka kwa mtima wanu. Ngati muli ndi `(Aortic Stenosis)` yoopsa, pali chiopsezo cha imfa yadzidzidzi ya mtima. Ichi ndichifukwa chake dokotala wanu adzakuuzani kuti musachedwe kulandira chithandizo ngati muli ndi zizindikiro.

N’chifukwa chiyani `(Aortic Stenosis)` imeneyi imachitika? Kodi zimayambitsa chiyani?

Pali zifukwa zitatu zazikulu zomwe akuluakulu amakhalira ndi Aortic Stenosis:

1. Kuwonongeka kwa ukalamba: Ichi ndi chifukwa chofala kwambiri. Pakapita nthawi, monga limescale m'mapaipi amadzi, calcium imatha kusonkhana mu valavu ya aorta ya mtima wanu. Izi zimapangitsa kuti valavuyo ikule ndikutsekeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti isatseguke ndi kutsekedwa bwino. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika munthu akakwanitsa zaka 65.

2. Kuwonongeka chifukwa cha matenda: Ngati matenda ena a bakiteriya sanachiritsidwe bwino, mabakiteriya amatha kulowa m'magazi ndikupita ku ma valve a mtima. Chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chikhoza kuwononga ma valve awa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati matenda a pakhosi (Strep throat) kapena Scarlet fever sanachiritsidwe bwino, matenda otchedwa Rheumatic fever amatha kukula ndikuwononga ma valve a mtima. Kuwonongeka kumeneku kungatenge zaka zambiri, nthawi zina zaka makumi ambiri, kuti kuwonekere. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhudza anthu azaka zopitilira 50.

3. Matenda ena obadwa nawo kapena osatha: Matenda osowa monga `(Matenda a Paget a mafupa)` (matenda okhudzana ndi mafupa), kulephera kwa impso (`Kulephera kwa impso`) ndi `(Familial hypercholesterolemia)` (vuto la cholesterol yambiri yomwe imabadwa nayo) ingayambitsenso `(Aortic Valve Stenosis). Komanso, chiopsezochi chimakhala chachikulu mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda odziteteza okha monga `(Lupus)` ndi `(Rheumatoid arthritis)`.

Kodi pali zinthu zina zomwe zingachititse izi?

Inde, pali zinthu zina zingapo zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha `(Aortic Valve Stenosis):`

• Kukhala mwamuna.
• Kukhala ndi zaka zoposa 65.
• Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi (hyperlipidemia).
• Kukhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za fodya (monga ndudu, beedis).

Kodi ndi mavuto otani omwe angachitike chifukwa cha `(Aortic Stenosis)` iyi?

Mukakhala ndi `(Aortic Stenosis)`, mtima umayenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti ukankhire magazi kudzera m'malo opapatizawo. Zili ngati kuyesa kutsegula chitseko chotsekedwa. Mtima ukagwira ntchito molimbika motere, ukhoza kufooka pakapita nthawi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake:

• Matenda amtima
• Kulephera kwa mtima ( kulephera kwa mtima kupompa magazi okwanira kupita m'thupi)
• Imfa yadzidzidzi ya mtima
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo
• Kutuluka magazi kwambiri
• Matenda a mkati mwa mtima (`Infective endocarditis`)

Mavuto aakulu angachitike.

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji izi?

Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi Aortic Stenosis, dokotala wa mtima adzakuyesani. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka potengera zizindikiro zanu (ngati zilipo) ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa mayeso otsatirawa:

• Kuwunika thupi: Dokotala adzafufuza miyendo ndi akakolo anu ngati atupa, kenako adzamvetsera mtima wanu ndi stethoscope. Ngati muli ndi aortic stenosis, kugunda kwa mtima ndi chizindikiro chofala.
• Kuyesa kwa ECG (`Electrocardiogram - ECG kapena EKG`): Izi zimayesa ntchito yamagetsi ya mtima.
• Kujambula X-ray pachifuwa, Angiography, kapena Cardiac CT scan: Zonsezi zimagwiritsa ntchito X-ray kapena njira zina zowonera mkati mwa thupi, makamaka mtima ndi mapapo.
• Echocardiogram: Iyi ndi njira yayikulu yoyesera matenda a aortic stenosis. Imagwiritsa ntchito mafunde a ultrasound kuti ione bwino momwe ma valve a mtima akugwirira ntchito, ngati atsekeka, komanso momwe magazi akuyendera.
• Kuyesa kupsinjika maganizo: Kumayesa zinthu monga momwe mtima wanu umagwirira ntchito komanso kusintha kwa ECG yanu mukamathamanga pa treadmill kapena kukwera njinga.
• Kutsegula m'mimba mwa mtima: Mu njira imeneyi, dokotala amaika chubu chaching'ono, chopyapyala (catheter) mu mtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu kapena mwendo wanu ndipo amachiyika mumtima mwanu kuti ayesere kuthamanga kwa magazi m'ma valve anu ndikuwona momwe alili olimba.
• Kujambula kwa Mtima (MRI) (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Mphamvu yamphamvu ya maginito ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kujambula zithunzi za mtima mwatsatanetsatane.

Pambuyo pa mayeso awa, dokotala wanu adzagawa matenda anu kutengera zizindikiro zanu komanso momwe valavu yanu ya aortic yacheperachepera. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala magawo anayi: A, B, C, ndi D, ndipo D ndiye woopsa kwambiri.

Kodi mankhwala a `(Aortic Stenosis)` ndi ati?

Ngati muli ndi `(Aortic Stenosis)` koma mulibe zizindikiro, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti vutoli sili lalikulu kwambiri, dokotala wanu adzakuuzani kuti mubwere kudzayezetsa nthawi zonse ndikuyesedwa `(Echocardiogram)`. Koma ngati mukupeza zizindikiro, ndiye kuti mudzafunika chithandizo. Pali njira zingapo zazikulu zothandizira:

• Mankhwala: Ngati vutoli sili lalikulu kwambiri, madokotala angapereke mankhwala oletsa zizindikiro. Izi zingaphatikizepo mankhwala ochepetsa magazi, okodzetsa, ndi mankhwala a matenda a mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso kulephera kwa mtima. Koma kumbukirani, mankhwala amangoletsa zizindikirozo; sangalepheretse kuti valavu isakule kwambiri.
• Kukonza ma valavu: Izi zitha kuchitika kudzera mu opaleshoni kapena njira yotchedwa baluni valvuloplasty.
• Kukonza opaleshoni (`Opaleshoni ya valavu ya mtsempha wamagazi`): Dokotala wa opaleshoni amadula chifuwa chanu ndipo amapita mwachindunji ku valavu yamtima, amachotsa kutsekeka, ndikukonza.
• Kukonza valavuloplasty ya baluni: Mu njirayi, baluni yokhala ndi chubu chaching'ono (catheter) cholowetsedwa mumtima imadzazidwa mkati mwa valavu yopapatiza, ndikukulitsa valavu. Izi zitha kuchepetsa zizindikiro kwakanthawi. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kwa anthu omwe sangathe kuchitidwa opaleshoni yosintha valavu, kapena ngati mpumulo wakanthawi asanachite opaleshoni.
• Kusintha mavavu: Ngati valavu yawonongeka kwambiri moti singakonzedwe, iyenera kusinthidwa. Pali njira zingapo zochitira izi:
• Opaleshoni yosintha valavu ya mtsempha wamagazi: Vavu yowonongekayo imachotsedwa ndikusinthidwa ndi valavu yatsopano. Vavu yatsopanoyi ikhoza kukhala yopereka munthu (nthawi zambiri woperekayo wamwalira), valavu ya bioprosthetic (nthawi zambiri ng'ombe kapena nkhumba), kapena valavu yamakina yopangidwa ndi chitsulo.
• Njira ya Ross: Iyi ndi opaleshoni yapadera. Pa opaleshoni iyi, valavu yanu ya m'mapapo imatengedwa ndikuyikidwa pamalo pomwe valavu ya m'mapapo inali kale. Kenako, valavu yochokera kwa wopereka imayikidwa pamalo pomwe valavu ya m'mapapo inali kale.
• Kusintha kwa Valavu ya Mtsempha wa Transcatheter (TAVR kapena TAVI): Iyi ndi njira yatsopano komanso yapamwamba kwambiri. Ndi opaleshoni yayikulu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti valavu ikhoza kusinthidwa popanda kutsegula chifuwa. Chubu chaching'ono (catheter) chimayikidwa kudzera mu mtsempha waukulu womwe uli mwendo kapena mkono, ndipo valavu yopindika imadutsamo kupita kumtima, komwe imakhazikika mkati mwa valavu ya mtsempha wotsekeka. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika kwa okalamba omwe sangathe kulekerera opaleshoni yayikulu.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire pambuyo pa chithandizochi?

Izi zimasiyana malinga ndi njira yochizira yomwe yagwiritsidwa ntchito.

• Ngati mukuchitidwa opaleshoni:Zimatenga nthawi kuti munthu achire. Nthawi zambiri umafunika kukhala m'chipatala kwa masiku angapo. Ngakhale utabwerera kunyumba, zingatenge milungu ingapo, mwina mwezi umodzi kapena iwiri, kuti uchiritsidwe mokwanira ndipo upitirize kuchita zinthu zako zachizolowezi.
• Ngati mwakhala mukuchitapo opaleshoni monga Balloon valvuloplasty kapena TAVR: Njirazi zimafuna nthawi yochepa kwambiri yochira. Nthawi zina mungapite kunyumba tsiku lomwelo kapena tsiku lotsatira opaleshoniyo itatha. Mutha kubwerera ku moyo wanu wamba mkati mwa masiku ochepa.

Kodi pali njira yopewera kukula kwa `(Aortic Stenosis)` iyi?

Matenda a Aortic Stenosis amatha kupewedwa pazifukwa zina. Makamaka, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchiza matenda a bakiteriya mwachangu komanso moyenera. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi matenda a strep throat, muyenera kumwa maantibayotiki monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera. Si bwino kusiya kuwamwa chifukwa chakuti ululu wachepa. Kuchita zimenezi kungalepheretse malungo a nyamakazi kukula ndikuwononga ma valve a mtima.

Komabe, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kupewa "Aortic Valve Stenosis", yomwe ingayambitsidwe ndi ukalamba, matenda obadwa nawo, kapena matenda ena osatha. Komabe, kutsatira moyo wathanzi wa mtima (kudya bwino, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kupewa kusuta fodya) kungathandize kuchepetsa kuipiraipira kwa vutoli.

Ngati ndili ndi `(Aortic Stenosis)`, ndiyenera kuyembekezera chiyani?

Tsogolo la vuto lanu la Aortic Stenosis, kutanthauza momwe mudzakhalire, lidzadalira kwambiri momwe mudzalandire chithandizo mwachangu komanso moyenera.

• Ngati sichinachiritsidwe: Aortic Stenosis, makamaka ngati ndi yoopsa, ikhoza kupha anthu ambiri. Anthu ambiri sakhala ndi moyo kwa zaka zoposa zingapo popanda chithandizo.
• Chithandizo Chochedwa: Ngati chithandizo chachedwa, zotsatira zake zimakhala zosiyanasiyana. Zimatengera ngati mtima wawonongeka kwamuyaya. Kuwonongeka kwambiri, vutoli lidzaipiraipira. Mudzachira pang'ono, koma n'zovuta kuyembekezera kuchira kwathunthu.
• Ngati mwalandira chithandizo mwamsanga kapena mwachangu: Ngati mwalandira chithandizo mwamsanga komanso moyenera, chiyembekezo cha `(Aortic Stenosis)` chimakhala chabwino kwambiri. Muyenera kupita kukayezetsa nthawi zonse pansi pa utsogoleri wa dokotala kwa moyo wanu wonse, koma apo ayi mutha kuyambiranso ntchito zanu zonse zachizolowezi ndikukhala ndi moyo wabwino.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji?

• Ngati aortic stenosis yanu ndi yofatsa ndipo mulibe zizindikiro, chomwe muyenera kuchita ndikungoyang'ana pafupipafupi ma echocardiogram ndikuwonana ndi dokotala wanu.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la mtima lotchedwa Aortic Valve Stenosis, mungafunike kuyang'anira zizindikiro zanu, kuchitidwa echocardiograms nthawi zonse, kuchepetsa zochita zanu (monga momwe dokotala wanu walangizira), komanso kumwa mankhwala enaake.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto lalikulu la aortic valve stenosis, muyenera kupitiriza kukaonana ndi dokotala ngakhale mutakonza kapena kusintha valavu. Mankhwala ena angafunike kumwedwa moyo wanu wonse.
• Pa mlingo uliwonse, dokotala wanu adzakuuzani kuti mudye zakudya zopanda mchere ndi mafuta ambiri, komanso kuti muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse. Koma muyenera kufunsa dokotala wanu kuti ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi otani omwe ali oyenera kwa inu.

Ndiyenera kupita liti kwa dokotala wanga?

Kaya mwasankha kusafuna chithandizo kapena simunalandire chithandizo, muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati zotsatirazi zitachitika:

• Kaya chizindikiro chatsopano cha `(Aortic Stenosis)` chikuwonekera, kapena ngati zizindikiro zomwe zilipo zikuipiraipira mwadzidzidzi.
• Ngati zizindikiro zanu zayamba kusokoneza moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku chipinda chadzidzidzi liti (ER)?

Mukayamba kumwa mankhwala atsopano, pitani kuchipatala ngati chilichonse mwa zotsatirazi chichitika:

• Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatira zoyipa zosayembekezereka komanso zoopsa kuchokera ku mankhwala (dokotala wanu adzakuuzani zomwe zimayambitsa zomwe zimafunika chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu).
• Ngati mukomoka kapena kusowa tulo pazifukwa zilizonse, palibe vuto.
• Ngati mutenga mankhwala ochepetsa magazi ndikugwa, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotuluka magazi mkati - makamaka mukagwa kapena kuvulala kwina.

Kaya mutachita opaleshoni kapena mutagwiritsa ntchito catheter, pitani kuchipatala chadzidzidzi ngati chilichonse mwa izi chikuchitika:

• Ngati chotupa chanu chili chofiira, chotupa, kapena chotentha mukachikhudza, izi ndi zizindikiro za matenda omwe amafunika chithandizo chachangu.
• Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zoopsa za Aortic Stenosis, monga kupuma movutikira, kupweteka pachifuwa, kugunda kwa mtima mofulumira, kapena kukomoka.
• Ngati mutenga mankhwala ochepetsa magazi n’kugwa, ndi chifukwa chomwecho chomwe chatchulidwa pamwambapa.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Mukapita kwa dokotala, musazengereze kufunsa mafunso ngati awa:

• Dokotala, mukuganiza kuti zizindikiro zanga zidzakulirakulira?
• Kodi ndiyenera kusintha valavu?
• Ndi valavu yamtundu wanji yomwe ndiyenera kusintha?
• Kodi nthawi yabwino yoti ndichite opaleshoni ndi iti?
• Kodi ndi mankhwala ati aposachedwa kwambiri pa izi?

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Chabwino, tsopano mwamvetsa bwino za vuto lomwe tinakambirana lotchedwa `(Aortic Stenosis)`. Inde, n'zoopsa kwambiri kukhala ndi gawo la mtima wanu, kutanthauza chipata chofunikira kwambiri, chomwe sichikugwira ntchito bwino. Komabe, chofunika kwambiri ndi kusachita mantha ndikupempha upangiri wa dokotala mwamsanga.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, kapena ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi matenda a mtima, onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala ndikukayezetsa mtima wanu.

Ngakhale kuti `(Aortic Stenosis)` ndi vuto lovuta, mankhwala apita patsogolo kwambiri masiku ano. Ndi opaleshoni ndi mankhwala atsopano opangidwa ndi catheter monga `(TAVR)` omwe tidakambirana, kuthekera kochizira sikunakhalepo bwino kwambiri. Choncho musachite mantha. Ngati muzindikira matendawa msanga ndikupeza chithandizo choyenera, mutha kukhalanso ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wosangalala. Samalani mtima wanu, chabwino?

Kutsekeka kwa Mtsempha wa Aortic , Vavu ya Mtima, Matenda a Mtima, Kupweteka pachifuwa, Kuvuta Kupuma, Opaleshoni ya Mtima, TAVR