Kodi Convalescent Plasma ndi chiyani? Tiyeni timvetse mosavuta.

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti, mukadwala chimfine, chimatha chokha m'masiku ochepa? Izi zili choncho chifukwa chitetezo chathu cha mthupi, gulu lathu lankhondo lomwe limalimbana ndi matenda, limalimbana nacho. Koma taganizirani ngati mphamvu yolimbana nayo, chida chapadera chotchedwa ma antibodies, chingachotsedwe kwa munthu amene wachira matendawa ndikupereka kwa wina amene akudwala matenda omwewo? Ndicho chimene timatcha chithandizo chodabwitsa ichi, chomwe chimangotchedwa Convalescent Plasma Therapy.

Mwachidule, kodi plasma yochira ndi chiyani?

Izi n'zosavuta kuzimvetsa. Magazi athu ali ndi mitundu yambiri ya maselo, monga maselo ofiira a magazi ndi maselo oyera a magazi. Maselo amenewa amayandama mu madzi achikasu. Gawo la madzi limenelo ndi limene timalitcha kuti plasma .

Tsopano taganizirani kuti munthu atenga matenda opatsirana, mwachitsanzo matenda oopsa a kachilombo. Chitetezo cha mthupi lake chimalimbana ndi kachilomboka ndikupanga mtundu wapadera wa mapuloteni omwe angawononge. Ndicho chimene timatcha ma antibodies . Zili ngati gulu lathu lankhondo likuzindikira mdani ndikupanga chida chapadera chomwe chingaukire mdaniyo yekha.

Ngakhale munthu atachira mokwanira ku matendawa, ena mwa ma antibodies ofunikawa amakhalabe m'magazi awo, makamaka mu plasma. Mawu oti kuchira amatanthauza "kuchira ku matenda."

Choncho, mu chithandizochi, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera kwa munthu amene wachira matenda ofanana (wopereka) ndipo plasma yokha ndi yomwe imalekanitsidwa ndi plasma. Kenako, plasma yolemera ma antibodies imaperekedwa ngati magazi kwa munthu wina amene akudwala matenda omwewo. Izi zili ngati kutumiza akuluakulu odziwa bwino ntchito omwe amadziwa momwe angalimbane ndi matendawa m'thupi la munthu amene sadziwa momwe angalimbane ndi matendawa.

Kodi mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda amtundu wanji?

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pochiza matenda opatsirana omwe ndi atsopano m'derali, omwe angakhale oopsa, ndipo palibe katemera kapena chithandizo china chake chomwe chilipo. Izi zitha kukhala zothandiza kwambiri popewa matenda oopsa.

Gome ili m'munsimu likuwonetsa zina mwa njira zakale komanso zaposachedwa zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa.

Kodi chithandizochi chimagwira ntchito bwanji kwenikweni?

Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito pa lingaliro la chitetezo chamthupi chopanda mphamvu . Ngakhale izi zingawoneke zovuta kumvetsetsa, kwenikweni ndi zosavuta.

Pamene kachilombo kachilendo kalowa m'thupi mwathu koyamba (kutanthauza kuti, pokhapokha ngati tidadwalapo kale matendawa kapena tidalandira katemera woti tipewe), thupi lathu silingathe kuzindikira kachilomboka nthawi yomweyo ndikulimbana nako. Zingatenge milungu iwiri kapena itatu kuti chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chipange ma antibodies ofunikira kuti chithane nawo. Panthawiyi, matendawa amatha kukhala oopsa.

Koma chithandizo cha plasma chochiritsira chimakhala ngati kubwereka ma antibodies ena opangidwa kale, okonzeka kumenyedwa ndi munthu amene wachira matendawa. Ma antibodies amenewa akalowa m'thupi la wodwalayo, amazindikira msanga kachilombo komwe kalowa m'thupi ndikuyamba kukaukira.

Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani munthu asanapereke plasma komanso akapereka plasma?

Njirayi imachitika mosamala kwambiri komanso motetezeka.

Musanapereke plasma

Ngati mwasankha kulandira chithandizochi, dokotala wanu adzayamba kaye wafufuza mbiri yanu yachipatala, mtundu wa magazi anu, ndi thanzi lanu lonse.

Komanso, wopereka plasma ayenera kukwaniritsa ziyeneretso zina.

• Ayenera kuchira mokwanira ku matenda ake.
• Tiyenera kuyezetsa kuti tiwonetsetse kuti magazi ake ali ndi ma antibodies ambiri omwe amalimbana ndi matendawa.

Pamene mukupereka plasma

Iyi ndi njira yofanana ndi kupereka saline wamba.

• Zimakupangitsani kukhala omasuka pabedi kapena pampando.
• Wogwira ntchito zachipatala adzasankha mtsempha woyenera m'dzanja lanu, adzayeretsa bwino ndikuchotsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo pamalopo.
• Kenako, kannula kakang'ono (chubu chokhala ndi singano) kamalowetsedwa mu mtsempha umenewo ndipo chingwe cha IV (cholowera m'mitsempha) chimalumikizidwa nacho.
• Kuchokera mu thumba lomwe lili ndi plasma, plasma imalowa pang'onopang'ono m'thupi lanu kudzera mu chubu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatha kutenga ola limodzi mpaka maola angapo .
• Madzi a m'magazi akaperekedwa, kanula imachotsedwa ndipo malowo amakanikizidwa ndi chidutswa choyera cha gauze mpaka magazi atasiya kutuluka. Kenako amaphimbidwa ndi bandeji.
• Mukalandira chithandizo, mudzayang'aniridwa ndi dokotala kwa kanthawi kuti muwone ngati pali zotsatirapo zilizonse kapena ziwengo.

Kodi ubwino wa chithandizochi ndi wotani?

Pali ubwino wambiri pa njira iyi yochizira.

Kodi chithandizochi chili ndi mphamvu yotani? Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse?

Tiyeni tikambirane za kupambana.

Kupambana kwa chithandizochi kumadalira zinthu zingapo, monga matenda omwe akuchiritsidwa komanso gawo la matenda omwe wodwalayo akuchiritsidwa.

Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wina pa COVID-19 wasonyeza kuti odwala omwe adapatsidwa plasma yochira mkati mwa masiku oyamba akuyamba zizindikiro anali ndi chiopsezo chotsika cha 30% mpaka 50% chogonekedwa m'chipatala.

Komabe, kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti palibe kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa omwe adalandira chithandizochi ndi omwe sanalandire chithandizochi. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa chakuti chithandizo chomwe chidaperekedwa m'maphunzirowa chidaperekedwa pamene matendawa anali atakula kale ndipo kunali kochedwa kwambiri kuti athandize . Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupereka chithandizochi msanga .

Zoopsa ndi zotsatira zake

Choyamba, National Blood Transfusion Service ku Sri Lanka imapereka magazi ndi zigawo za magazi zomwe zili ndi miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri komanso mayeso okhwima. Chifukwa chake, mavuto ndi osowa kwambiri . Komabe, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala, pali zoopsa zazing'ono zomwe zingachitike.

• Malungo: Kukwera pang'ono kwa kutentha kwa thupi panthawi ya chithandizo kapena pambuyo pake.
• Matenda a ziwengo: Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la ziwengo chifukwa cha mapuloteni omwe ali mu plasma. Zizindikiro monga kuyabwa ndi ziphuphu zimatha kuwoneka.
• Matenda pamalo pomwe kansalu yaikidwa: Izi sizichitika kawirikawiri, chifukwa malowo amakhala otetezedwa bwino ku matenda.
• Matenda opatsirana m'magazi:Ena angadandaule za chiopsezo chotenga matenda monga HIV, hepatitis B ndi C. Komabe, chifukwa chakuti magazi a wopereka magazi amayesedwa mosamala kuti adziwe matenda onsewa, chiopsezochi tsopano chili pafupi zero .

Kodi ndidzakhala bwino ndikangolandira chithandizo?

Funso limene anthu ambiri amafunsa ndi ili. Simudzamva bwino kwambiri mukangolandira plasma yochira. Si matsenga.

Cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizochi ndikuteteza matenda anu kuti asakupheni , zomwe zikutanthauza kukuthandizani ku matenda aakulu monga kuikidwa mu ICU kapena kuyikidwa pa makina opumira mpweya.

Ngakhale mutalandira chithandizo, zimatenga nthawi kuti thupi lanu lithe kulimbana ndi kachilomboka ndikuchira kwathunthu.

Kodi ndiyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza chithandizochi, kapena ngati mukuganiza kuti mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zina zilizonse mutalandira chithandizo, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo .

Kawirikawiri, musanalandire chithandizo, dokotala wanu amakufotokozerani zizindikiro kapena zotsatirapo zake zomwe muyenera kudziwa, komanso nthawi yomwe muyenera kufunsa upangiri kwa dokotala.

Pomaliza pake, ndizodabwitsa momwe mungabwerekere gawo la chitetezo cha mthupi cha munthu wina kuti mulimbane ndi matenda. Madzi a m'magazi osinthika ndi chida chofunikira kwa madokotala, makamaka pamene palibe njira zina zochiritsira matenda atsopano. Angaphunzitse chitetezo chanu cha mthupi kuzindikira ndikulimbana ndi kachilombo komwe sikadawonekerepo, kukupatsani mwayi waukulu wodzipulumutsa ku matenda oopsa.