Ascites: malangizo osavuta okhudza zomwe zimayambitsa, zizindikiro, ndi chithandizo

Kodi mudayamba mwakhala ndi mimba yotupa, zovala zikukukanikizani, ndikumva ngati mwadzaza madzi? Nthawi zina izi zimakhala zachilendo, koma nthawi zina zimatha kukhala chizindikiro cha vuto lalikulu la thanzi. Lero tikambirana za vuto limodzi lotere, "Ascites." Izi zimachitika pamene madzi, kapena madzi okha, amasonkhana pamalo opanda kanthu mozungulira ziwalo m'mimba mwathu.

Kodi kwenikweni ascites ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, ascites ndi kusonkhana kwa madzi m'malo osazolowereka pakati pa mimba (peritoneum) ndi ziwalo za m'mimba. Izi sizimachitika kawirikawiri mwa munthu wathanzi. Kungoti pali madzi pang'ono m'mimba sizitanthauza kuti ndi ascites. Madokotala amatanthauzira vutoli ngati ascites pamene pali madzi osachepera 25 milliliters (0.8 ounces).

Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu a chiwindi. Pafupifupi 80% ya anthu omwe ali ndi ascites ali ndi cirrhosis ya chiwindi. Kuphatikiza apo, ascites imathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi matenda ena, monga khansa, matenda a mtima, chifuwa chachikulu, ndi matenda a impso.

Kodi zizindikiro za vutoli ndi ziti?

Matenda a Ascites sangasonyeze zizindikiro zazikulu poyamba. Chifukwa chakuti kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amasonkhana m'mimba ndi kochepa, simungazindikire. Koma pamene kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amasonkhana pang'onopang'ono kumawonjezeka, mudzazindikira kuti mimba yanu ikukula ndi kutupa. Thalauza lanu lidzayamba kumveka lolimba.

Nazi zizindikiro zina zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuzindikira bwino vutoli. Onani ngati muli ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi.

Kodi zifukwa zazikulu za ascites ndi ziti?

Monga tanenera kale, chifukwa chachikulu ndi matenda a chiwindi otchedwa cirrhosis. Koma kodi izi zimachitika bwanji?

Taganizirani za chiwindi chathu ngati fyuluta. Ndicho choyeretsera magazi chachikulu m'thupi. Mtsempha waukulu womwe umabweretsa magazi ku chiwindi umatchedwa Portal Vein. Chiwindi chikawonongeka chifukwa cha matenda a chiwindi, kuyenda kwa magazi kudzera mumtsemphawu kumatsekedwa. Monga momwe chitoliro chamadzi chimakhalira pakati, magazi sangayende kudzera mu chiwindi ndipo kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawonjezeka.

Kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumeneku kungakhudzenso impso pakapita nthawi. Impso zikalephera kuchotsa mchere wowonjezera m'thupi, madzi amayamba kuwunjikana m'thupi. Madzi owonjezerawo amatuluka m'mitsempha yamagazi ndikuwunjikana m'mimba.

Zifukwa zina:

• Khansa: Khansa zina zomwe zimachitika m'mimba zimathanso kupangitsa kuti madzi azisonkhana m'mimba. Maselo a khansa okha ndi omwe amatulutsa madzi m'mimba.
• Kulephera kwa mtima: Pa matenda ena aakulu a mtima, mtima sungathe kupopa magazi okwanira. Thupi limapanga mahomoni kuti liyese kusunga madzi. Madzi amenewa amathanso kusonkhana m'mimba.

Kodi mungazindikire bwanji vutoli?

Mukapita kwa dokotala, adzakuyesani ndikufunsani za zizindikiro zanu. Kenako, angachite mayeso ena kuti atsimikizire vutoli.

• Paracentesis: Izi zimaphatikizapo dokotala kulowetsa singano yopyapyala kwambiri m'mimba ndikutenga madzi ochepa omwe asonkhanitsidwa pamenepo kuti akayesedwe. Madzi awa amatha kuyezedwa kuti awone ngati pali matenda kapena maselo a khansa.
• Kuyezetsa magazi: Izi zingakuthandizeni kudziwa ngati muli ndi matenda ena, monga matenda a shuga, kapena ngati muli ndi matenda ena.
• Mayeso ojambulira: Kujambula X-ray, ultrasound, kapena CT scan kumatha kuona bwino momwe ziwalo zilili mkati mwa mimba.
• Mayeso a SAAG: Iyi ndi mayeso apadera. Amayerekeza kuchuluka kwa puloteni yotchedwa albumin m'magazi mwanu ndi madzi m'mimba mwanu. Albumin ndi mtundu wa puloteni wopangidwa ndi chiwindi. Ngati mtengo uwu ndi wokwera, zikutanthauza kuti kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha yomwe imabweretsa magazi ku chiwindi kumawonjezeka.

Kodi mankhwala a ascites ndi ati?

Chithandizo chimadalira chomwe chimayambitsa ascites. Komabe, cholinga chachikulu ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amasonkhana m'mimba.

1. Kuchepetsa Sodium: Mchere ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimapangitsa kuti madzi asungike m'thupi. Dokotala wanu kapena katswiri wa zakudya adzakulangizani za zakudya zopanda mchere wambiri.

• Chepetsani zakudya zomwe zapakidwa m'matumba, zakudya zogulidwa m'sitolo, ndi msuzi momwe mungathere.
• Idyani ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso zatsopano.
• Gwiritsani ntchito zonunkhira (turmeric, tsabola, chitowe) m'malo mwa mchere kuti mukometse chakudya.

2. Mankhwala Ochepetsa Kutuluka kwa Madzi M'thupi: Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mankhwala omwe amakuthandizani kuchotsa madzi ochulukirapo ndi mchere m'thupi lanu kudzera mu mkodzo. Awiri mwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi Furosemide (Lasix) ndi Spironolactone (Aldactone). Mankhwalawa ayenera kumwedwa pokhapokha ngati dokotala akuwayang'anira.

3. Paracentesis: Iyi ndi njira yoyesera komanso yochiritsira. Ngati pali madzi ambiri m'mimba, singano imayikidwa kuti ichotse madziwo kuti achepetse kutupa. Komabe, izi zingayambitse madziwo kuti abwererenso.

4. Kuchiza ndi opaleshoni: Ngati njira zina zothandizira sizikuthandiza kuthetsa vutoli, dokotala wanu angagwiritse ntchito njira izi.

• MABWINO (Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt): Izi zimaphatikizapo kuyika chubu chaching'ono cha mesh (stent) mkati mwa mtsempha m'chiwindi kuti magazi aziyenda bwino.
• Kusamutsa chiwindi: Ngati chiwindi chayamba kugwira ntchito bwino chifukwa cha matenda a chiwindi, njira yomaliza ndiyo kusamutsa chiwindi chathanzi.

Kodi vutoli lingatetezedwe ndi kulamuliridwa bwanji?

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite kuti mupewe ascites komanso kuti muchepetse kuipiraipira ngati vutoli lilipo.

• Siyani kumwa mowa kotheratu:Mowa ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimawononga chiwindi.
• Chepetsani mchere: Madokotala amalangiza kuti musadye mchere woposa mamiligalamu 2,000-4,000 patsiku.
• Khalani ndi kulemera kwabwino: Kunenepa kwambiri ndi chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a ascites. Ngati muli ndi matenda a ascites, dzipimireni m'mawa uliwonse ndikulemba kulemera kwanu. Ngati mukulemera makilogalamu oposa 1 (mapaundi 2.2) patsiku kwa masiku atatu otsatizana kapena ngati mwadzidzidzi mukulemera makilogalamu oposa 4.5 (mapaundi 10), uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
• Moyo Wathanzi: Idyani zakudya zoyenera, chita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso pewani kusuta fodya.
• Kugonana motetezeka: Matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi monga Hepatitis B ndi C amatha kuchitika. Izi zitha kuwononga chiwindi ndikupangitsa kuti chiwindi chizikula.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo:

• Ngati mwadzidzidzi mwanenepa
• Ngati mimba ikukula
• Ngati muli ndi ululu watsopano kapena wokulirapo m'mimba
• Ngati muli ndi malungo

Ngati muli ndi vuto lalikulu lotsatirali, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala nthawi yomweyo:

• Ngati mukuvutika kupuma kwambiri
• Ngati mukusanza magazi kapena chinthu chomwe chikuwoneka ngati khofi

Matenda a Ascites ndi vuto lalikulu. Zimatanthauza kuti chiwindi chanu sichikugwira ntchito bwino. Choncho musanyalanyaze zizindikiro zake. Mukalandira chithandizo choyenera komanso kusintha moyo wanu, mutha kuwongolera vutoli, kupewa mavuto omwe angakhalepo, komanso kukhala ndi thanzi labwino.