Kodi muli ndi ma cysts mu impso zanu? Tiyeni tikambirane za ADPKD (Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease)

Mwina wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi matenda a impso. Kapena mwina mwapezeka ndi matenda a kuthamanga kwa magazi muli ndi zaka za m'ma 30 kapena 40 ndipo mukufunafuna chifukwa. Lero tikulankhula za matenda osiyana pang'ono, koma ofala kwambiri, obadwa nawo omwe amakhudza impso. Matendawa amatchedwa matenda a impso a Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. Popeza ndi nthawi yayitali kwambiri kwa ife, tidzawatcha mwachidule kuti ADPKD .

Mwachidule, kodi ADPKD ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, matendawa amachititsa kuti impso zanu zikhale ndi ma cysts ambiri odzaza ndi madzi. Ganizirani impso ngati zosefera m'thupi lathu. Pamene ma cystswa akukula, impso sizingagwire ntchito bwino. Izi zingayambitse mavuto azaumoyo monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a mkodzo, komanso miyala ya impso. Ngakhale kuti si aliyense amene ali ndi vutoli, anthu ena amathanso kulephera kugwira ntchito ya impso.

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zapadera za matendawa ndichakuti simungakhale ndi zizindikiro kwa zaka zambiri ngakhale mutakhala nazo. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimayamba kuonekera pakati pa zaka 30 ndi 40. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amatchedwanso "PKD ya akuluakulu."

Kodi zizindikiro za ADPKD ndi ziti?

Si aliyense amene ali ndi ADPKD amene amakhala ndi zizindikiro. Kwa ena, zingatenge zaka kuti zizindikiro ziwonekere. Tiyeni tiwone zina mwa zizindikiro zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi matendawa. Ndigawa izi m'magawo awiri kuti mumvetse.

N’chifukwa chiyani ADPKD imachitika? Kodi ndi yobadwa nayo?

Inde, uwu ndi matenda obadwa nawo . Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi vuto la majini awiri mu DNA yathu, omwe ndi `PKD1` ndi `PKD2`. Majini awa ndi omwe amapereka zizindikiro ku maselo a impso "nthawi yoti akule". Pakakhala vuto mu majini amodzi mwa awa, maselo a impso amakula mosalamulirika ndikupanga ma cysts omwe tawatchulawa.

Taganizirani izi, matenda ambiri obadwa nawo amafuna jini yolakwika kuchokera kwa makolo onse awiri. Koma mu ADPKD, jini yolakwikayo imangofunika kuchokera kwa kholo limodzi . Ndicho chifukwa chake imatchedwa "autosomal dominant."

Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati kholo lanu lili ndi matendawa, muli ndi mwayi wa 50% woti matendawa ayambe . Komabe, nthawi zambiri, matendawa amathanso kuchitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini a munthu, popanda makolo onse awiri kukhala ndi matendawa.

Kodi mumadziwa bwanji ngati muli ndi matendawa?

Ngati dokotala wanu akukayikira kuti muli ndi vuto la impso kutengera zizindikiro zanu, akhoza kukutumizani kwa katswiri wa impso (nephrologist). Dokotalayo adzakufunsani mafunso monga:

• Kodi zizindikiro zanu ndi ziti ndipo zinayamba liti?
• Kodi mukudziwa kuthamanga kwa magazi anu?
• Kodi pali ululu kulikonse? Ngati ndi choncho, kuli kuti?
• Kodi mudayamba mwadwalapo miyala ya impso?
• Kodi pali aliyense m'banjamo amene ali ndi matenda a impso?

Kenako dokotala adzalamula mayeso angapo kuti aone impso zanu.

• Kujambula kwa Ultrasound: Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito mafunde a phokoso kujambula zithunzi za mkati mwa thupi. Nthawi zambiri iyi ndi nthawi yoyamba yoyesedwa.
• Kujambula kwa MRI: Kujambula kwamphamvu komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito maginito ndi mafunde a wailesi kuti kuzindikire zotupa zomwe ndi zazing'ono kwambiri kuti ziwonekere ndi ultrasound.
• CT Scan: Njira ina yamphamvu yojambulira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito X-ray kuti ipeze zithunzi zatsatanetsatane za thupi.

Kuphatikiza apo, DNA yanu ikhoza kuyesedwa kuti ione ngati muli ndi jini yolakwika `PKD1` kapena `PKD2`. Komabe, ngakhale mayeso a majini awa angasonyeze ngati muli ndi jini yolakwika, sangathe kuneneratu nthawi yomwe matendawa adzayamba kapena momwe adzakhalire oopsa .

Chithandizo ndi zinthu zomwe mungachite kunyumba

Palibe mankhwala a ADPKD pakadali pano. Koma pali zinthu zambiri zomwe tingachite kuti tithetse mavuto azaumoyo omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matendawa komanso kupewa kulephera kwa impso.

Chithandizo chamankhwala

• Mankhwala ochepetsa kulephera kwa impso: Kwa akuluakulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chowonjezeka msanga kwa matendawa, mankhwala monga `Tolvaptan (Jynarque)` amaperekedwa kuti achepetse kuchepa kwa ntchito ya impso.
• Mankhwala oletsa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
• Maantibayotiki ochizira matenda a mkodzo.
• Mankhwala opha ululu.

Ngati impso zanu zalephera, mungafunike kupatsidwa chithandizo chotchedwa dialysis . Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito makina osefa magazi anu, kuchotsa zinyalala, mchere, ndi madzi ochulukirapo m'thupi lanu. Njira ina ndi kuyika impso. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi kuti mudziwe zambiri.

Zinthu zomwe mungachite kunyumba

Kuti muteteze impso zanu ndikuzisunga zikugwira ntchito bwino kwa nthawi yayitali, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi thanzi labwino momwe mungathere.

• Zakudya zoyenera: Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi zokhala ndi mchere wochepa. Mchere ukhoza kuwonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi.
• Khalani otanganidwa: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungathandize kuchepetsa kulemera ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, koma pewani masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe angawononge impso zanu.
• Pewani kusuta: Kusuta kumawononga mitsempha yamagazi mu impso ndipo kungapangitsenso kuti ziphuphu zipangike.
• Imwani madzi ambiri: Kusowa madzi m'thupi kungayambitsenso kuti ma cysts apangidwe pafupipafupi.

Mavuto ena omwe angachitike chifukwa cha ADPKD

ADPKD ingathenso kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha mavuto ena azaumoyo, ndipo ndikofunikira kudziwa izi.

Kuchuluka kwa matendawa kumadalira ngati muli ndi vuto mu jini ya `PKD1` kapena `PKD2`. Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto mu jini ya `PKD1` ali pachiwopsezo cholephera kugwira ntchito ya impso msanga kuposa omwe ali ndi vuto la `PKD2`. Chifukwa chake ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe bwino momwe matenda anu alili.